(单词翻译:单击)
And when you're saying redistributive policies, you're not talking about within a company, but free college, or more paid healthcare, or that type thing?
当你说再分配政策时，你指的不是公司内部，而是免费大学，或更多付费医疗，或诸如此类的事情？
By redistributive policies, we really mean our progressive tax system and social insurance policies, like transfers towards lower income households, including food stamps or cash transfers.
我们所说的再分配政策，实际上是指我们的累进税收制度和社会保险政策，比如向低收入家庭的转移，包括食品券或现金转移。
So all this bundle of policies to essentially equalize outcomes, equalize incomes a bit more.
因此，所有这些政策基本上都是为了使结果均等，让收入更平等一点。
Yeah, but it could apply within firms, right?
是的，但它可以在公司内部实施，对吗？
So within firms and within sector, it is definitely something interesting because it could certainly affect what wages people ask for, how they negotiate, and also what opportunities they look for.
在公司内部和部门内部实施的话一定很精彩，因为它肯定会影响人们要求的工资，他们如何谈判，以及他们寻找什么机会。
So by not realizing in a sense how low paid you are relative to others, you may not be seeking out these opportunities.
因此，在某种意义上，如果你没有意识到自己相对于其他人的薪酬有多低，你可能就不会去寻找这些机会。
So that is definitely something to think about within firm and within sector.
因此，这绝对是公司内部和行业内需要考虑的问题。
Yeah.
是的。
Now this study happened in Denmark, right?
这项研究是在丹麦进行的，对吗？
But do you think it's generalizable?
但是你认为这是一般现象吗？
Would it apply elsewhere as well?
它是否也适用于其他地方？
I think the core results are probably quite generalizable.
我认为核心结果可能是相当普遍的。
So Denmark is certainly a more equal country, and it has some different policies in place than the US, but this basic pattern, we have reasons to think that it would also hold in the US, and it would probably have similar strong implications.
因此，丹麦肯定是一个更加平等的国家，它有一些不同于美国的政策，我们有理由认为这种基本模式在美国也适用，它可能会产生类似的重大影响。
Your position among others actually really shapes your views on fairness and on what you want to do about inequality.
你在其他人中的地位实际上会影响你对公平的看法和你想要如何对待不平等的看法。
People who are ranked higher and perceive themselves as being ranked higher, think that inequality is also more fair.
那些把自己排名较高的人认为自己就应该更高，认为不平等也更公平。
They tend to think that inequality in incomes is more due to things you can affect, to your merit, to your effort, rather than to adverse or circumstances or luck.
他们倾向于认为收入的不平等更多地是由于你能控制的事情决定，你的优点，你的努力，而不是由于逆境、环境或运气方面的因素。
They also support less progressive policies on average, and they're also more satisfied with life.
平均而言，他们也支持不那么激进的政策，而且他们对生活也更满意。
So, all these things are quite strongly correlated with your position among others, and we think that these results are generalizable to some extent at least, in other countries like the US.
所有这些事情都和你的观点密切相关，我们认为这些结果至少在某种程度上是可以推广的，在其他国家，比如美国。
What is the danger or downside of people, not understanding how much people around them make, and why does that matter for leaders and managers?
人们的劣势是什么？不了解周围的人挣多少钱？为什么这些对领导者和管理者很重要？
So I'm very much a proponent of providing accurate information to citizens, to voters, to of people.
所以我非常支持向公民、选民和人民提供准确的信息。
So one of the goals of this research is to see where misperceptions are, and to the extent possible try to correct them, at least in the people that we can survey and that we have in our samples.
所以这项研究的目标之一是找出误解在哪里，并尽可能地去纠正它们，至少在我们调查的人群和样本中是这样的。
So, I very much believe in giving people the tools to make the best decisions for the themselves.
因此，我非常赞成给人们工具，让他们为自己做出最好的决定。
And when it comes to your income, pay policy, taxation and other important policies, it's things that affect our daily lives.
涉及你的收入、工资政策、税收和其他重要政策，这些都是影响我们日常生活的事情。
And so it's things that really matter, and it's important that we are well informed so that ultimately we can decide what's it's best for us and make the right decisions.
所以这是真正重要的事情，重要的是我们要有充分的信息，这样我们才能最终决定什么是对我们最好的，并做出正确的决定。
So I'm a very big believer in more information, and sort of more education on economic issues.
因此，我非常赞成给到人们更多的信息，以及某种程度上更多关于经济问题的教育。
