Hi, welcome to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam.
大家好，欢迎来到英格威英语学习网，我是亚当。
Today, I'm going to talk to you about how to drive. We're going to look at two aspects of driving.
今天，我来跟大家讲讲怎么开车。我们会从两个方面讲讲开车。
First, we're going to learn how to operate your vehicle, it means what do you actually do with your car,
首先，我们来看看如何开车，就是怎么驾驶汽车。
and then we're going to look at road etiquette, how to behave and how to actually drive on the street, okay?
然后我们会学习行驶规范，如何规范开车以及如何在马路上开车，好吗？
So, we're going to start with the actual vehicle,
我们就来以汽车开始，
we're going to look at some words that you need to know in your car, and what you need to do.
我们来学习一下你需要知道的汽车词汇，以及如何操作汽车的词汇。
So, the first thing you want to do when you get into your car is strap on your seatbelt.
进到车里第一件事就是系安全带。
So, the seatbelt goes from your shoulder to your hip and then across your waist from hip to hip.
安全带系在肩膀到臀部的地方，然后它从左到右绕过你的腰。
That belt, that string, whatever, the thick one, we call this a strap, we call it a seatbelt,
那条皮带，那条绳子，就是那条粗的，我们叫它皮带，我们叫它安全带，
but we also call it the strap, and then you have the buckle that you snap into place,
但我们也称它为皮带，然后你有一个扣，你把它扣在合适的地方，
so you can strap on your seatbelt, you put the strap across, or you can just put on your seatbelt.
所以你可以系上你的安全带，可以说“you put the strap across”，或者说“put on your seatbelt”。
Very important. Don't drive without putting on your seatbelt or strapping it on.
这很重要。开车时一定要系安全带。
Then, your car's ready, you've turned it on, turn on the key, the ignition,
然后，你的车准备好了，你启动它，拧动钥匙，打火，
I guess I should put that, you've turned on the ignition, you've turned the car on, it's running nicely, you're ready to go.
我应该这样说，打完火，车子启动了，运行正常，你准备出发。
So, the first thing you want to do is shift into gear.
第一件事就是换档。
So, you have your gear shifter, usually it's on the side if you're in an automatic car or in a manual transmission,
所以，车里有换档装置，不管是自动档汽车还是手动档汽车，通常它都在一边。
in automatic all you do is put it into the gear you want, and you go.
自动档汽车，你要做的就是换档，出发。
In a manual car, you have to press your clutch, put it into gear, and then you go, a little gas, let off the clutch.
在手动档汽车里，你必须踩下离合器，换档，然后松开离合器。
So, you're shifting into gear, you put it into the gear you want.
换档，换到自己想要的档位。
The gear that you have are park, P, reverse, R, neutral, N, and drive, D.
档位有，停车档，倒车档，空档，和行车档。
When you're in the car wash, you put it in neutral, otherwise you don't need to put it in neutral.
当你在洗车时，你把它调到中档，否则你不需要把它调到中档。
Again, manual transmission, you're at a red light, put it in neutral, relax a little bit.
再说一次，手动档，遇到红灯，把它调到空档，放松一点。
Some of you will have like a 3 or a 2, or D3 or D2, or H or L, high gear or low gear.
有些车可能会有D3或D2档，高档或抵档。
People rarely use these. If you're stuck in a snowbank, you might need to use that, but mostly you don't.
人们很少使用这些档位。如果你被困在雪堆里，你可能需要用到它，但大多数情况下你不需要。
So, those are your gears. Automatic or manual transmission.
这些就是齿轮。自动或手动变速器。
Manual transmission, you have the clutch, so you have three pedals for your feet, you're using both feet, okay?
手动变速器的话，你有离合器，所以你的脚有三个踏板，你用两只脚，好吗？
So, before you - so you put it into reverse, let's say, because you want to get out of your parking spot, before you move,
在你-要换到倒挡时，比方说，因为你想离开你的停车位，在你开动之前，
and again, some people use this, some people don't, but if you - if you put - engaged your emergency brake, so usually it's on the side, lift it up.
有些人用这个，有些人不用，但是如果你，如果你使用手刹，通常它在一边，把它提起来。
If you're on a hill, you want to use that so your car doesn't roll down. Maybe you forgot and you left it in neutral.
如果你在山上，你想用它来防止你的车滚下来。也许你忘了，你调到了空挡。
So, the emergency brake at least keeps you in place, the car doesn't roll away.
手刹至少能让你呆在原地不动，车子不会滚走。
So, you want to disengage, you want to release the hand brake, we call it a hand brake because you use your hand.
你想要松开，你想要放开手刹，我们叫它手刹，因为你用你的手操作它。
In some cars, it's foot brake, because that's where it is, you disengage the emergency brake, and then you back out of your parking spot.
在一些车里，是脚刹，因为它就在那里，你松开紧急制动器，然后你从你的停车位出来。
Now, if you parallel parked, then you just back up and go forward out, right?
如果你平行停车，那么你就可以倒车并向前开走，好吧？
So, parallel park is when you, like - you have a parking spot, you pull in, back out.
平行停车是指你有一个停车位，你把车开进来，然后把车开出去。
Parallel park, you have two cars and you pull in between the cars, okay?
平行停车，就是有两辆车，你把车停在两辆车之间，
Some people avoid parallel parking because they're not good at it, some people have no problem with it.
有些人不喜欢平行停车，因为他们不擅长，有些人则没有问题。

Either way, back out of your parking spot and put it into drive, shift into drive, and drive away.
不管怎样，都是把车开出你的停车位，换到行驶档，然后开走。
Press the gas or you can just say accelerate, accelerate means press the gas pedal,
踩油门或者你也可以直接说“accelerate”，意思就是踩油门。
and that's what these things are called, the things at your feet, right - gas, left - brake, very left - clutch for the manual transmissions.
这就是这些东西的说法，在你脚边的东西，右边是油门，左边是刹车，手动档汽车最左边还有离合。
It's very simple, driving is a very easy thing to do, everybody should do it at some point because it's actually can be fun.
这很简单，开车是很简单的事情，大家都会在某个时候开车，因为它很有趣。
These are the things you need to do.
这些是你需要做的事情。
But more important than knowing how to operate the car is knowing what to do as you're moving,
但是比开动汽车更重要的是开车时要怎么做。
as you're moving your car along the streets, okay? So, let's look at that next.
在你沿着街道开车的时候。接下来我们就来学习这个。
Okay, so now we know how to operate our vehicle, very good, we're on the road, we're on the highway,
现在知道如何开动车子了，很好。当我们在路上时，在高速上时，
we need to know how to act, how to maneuver, how to move around, right? So, let's say you're cruising along on the highway.
我们需要知道怎么做，怎么开车。比如现在你正在高速路上兜风。
Cruising means just driving straight, not really worried about too many things, you're looking around, everything's nice, people walking, all this stuff.
兜风意味着直线行驶，不用担心太多的事情，你环顾四周，一切都很好，人们在行走，所有这些事情。
If you want, you can turn on your cruise control, it means you don't have to press the gas,
如果你想的话，你可以打开巡航定速，你就不用踩油门了，
you don't have to accelerate or anything like that, you just keep at a steady pace, at a steady speed.
你不需要踩油门，就可以维持在一个稳定的速度。
This is recommended more for the highway, not so much for the city, but you can do that.
这个更多的是推荐在高速上使用，在市区则不太多，但是你可以这么做。
So, you're cruising along, make sure you stay within the posted speed limit.
比如，你开启了巡航定速，确保你在车速限制内。
Now, in most cities, there will be signs all over the place telling you what the speed limit is.
在大多数城市，到处都有告诉你限制速度是多少的标示。
If the speed limit is 60 kilometers per hour, don't do 70. I mean, you can, but just be very careful.
如果限速是60千米每小时，不要开到70迈。你可以这么做，但是要小心。
If you do 80, and there's a police officer somewhere nearby, you're going to get pulled over,
如果你开到80迈，附近有警官的话，他们会让你停车，
you're going to get a ticket and it's a big fine and your insurance will go up, so try to stay within the posted limit.
你就会收到一张罚单，这是一张大罚单，你的保险费会上升，所以尽量不要超过限速行驶。
Now, if you need to change lanes, so you're in a two-lane street, and you want to get out of this lane and into the left lane, or vice versa.
如果你需要变道，比如你在一个两车道的街上，你想变到左边的车道，或者右边的车道。
It's not just a matter of turning the wheel, okay? It's not that simple, you have to do a few things first.
并不只是转转方向盘的事。没有那么简单，你要先做几件事。
First, you want to check your rear view mirror, so that's the mirror up here, that goes right at the back window,
首先，你要检查你的后视镜，就是在上方的镜子，它就对着后窗，
and then you have your two side view mirrors that you should look at to make sure nobody is beside you.
然后你有两个侧视镜，你应该看看，以确保没有人在你旁边。
But just because you saw your mirrors doesn't mean that you've seen everything. Everybody has a blind spot.
但是，看了镜子并不意味着你看到了所有，每辆车都会有盲区。
So, there's a certain angle from the mirrors that doesn't cover the person or the area right next to your car on your left, alright?
从后视镜中某一个特定的角度看，它不会覆盖到你车子左边的人或区域，对吧？
Or, on your right, if you're driving in England or somewhere like that.
或者右边的区域，如果你在英国或者类似的地方开车的话。
So, make sure that you check your mirrors, but then check your blind spot.
所以确保要检查你的后视镜，还有检查盲区。
We call this a blind spot because the mirrors don't show you what's there.
我们称之为盲区，因为通过后视镜看不到那里有什么东西。
You are blind to this little area and it's very easy to get into an accident.
你看不到那片区域，非常容易出事故。
So, you've checked your mirrors, you've checked your side mirrors,
所以，你要检查后视镜，检查侧视镜，
you've checked your blind spot, make sure that you signal to go left, signal up to go right, etc.
检查盲区，确保打了左向或右向灯，等等。
make sure that the person behind you, if someone is there, knows you're coming into their lane, knows you're switching lanes.
确保你后面的人，如果有人的话，知道你要开到他们的车道，知道你要变道。
So, change lanes or switch lanes, once you know it's safe, go ahead and do that.
变道之前，要确保这么做是安全的，再去变道。