Hi again. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam.Today's lesson is a very interesting one.
大家好，欢迎回到www.engvid.com，我是Adam。今天的课程很有意思。
It's one of my favourites.Why? Because I love to eat.
是我最喜欢的话题之一。为什么？因为我很喜欢吃。
Actually, a long time ago, before I was a teacher, before I did any of that, I went to culinary school.
实际上很早之前，在我做老师之前，我去过烹饪学校。
"Culinary" -- I learned how to cook.I was going to be a chef.
"Culinary" —— 我在那里学习怎么做菜。那个时候我想成为一名厨师。
But then I worked at a restaurant, actually I worked in a few restaurants and I decided: "Nope, I don't want to be a chef anymore."
然后我就去了餐馆工作，实际上我去了好几家，然后我就决定：“我再也不想做厨师了。”
But I still like to cook, I still love to eat.So some of my students were asking me for kitchen vocab, some culinary cooking vocab.
但是我还是喜欢做菜，喜欢吃东西。所以我的一些学生会问我关于烹饪的词汇。
First, let's start with this question: "What's cookin'?"Now, it could mean: "Ah, something smells good. What's cookin'?"Means what are you making, what dish are you making?
首先来看一下这个问题："What's cookin'?"它的意思可以是：“有东西这么香，在做什么好吃的？”就是说你在做什么菜呢？
But sometimes, people will ask this as slang: "What's cookin?" means: "What's happening? How are things? How are you?"
但是有的时候，人们也把这个做一个俗语，意思就是：“怎么了？发生了什么？你最近怎么样？”
Just so you know. A good idiom to recognize.So we're looking at kitchen vocab.
这样你就了解这个说法了，很不错的习语。接下来我们看看烹饪词汇。
When we're talking about cooking, we're talking about culinary arts.
我们聊到烹饪的时候，我们更多说的是烹饪艺术。
Okay? So you ever hear this expression: "culinary" means about cooking, about food.
所以你听到"culinary"这个词的时候，就该明白讲的是烹饪和美食。
Now, before I get into these actions, some of these actions that you will use while you are cooking, it's a moral imperative that I spend a minute about these two words.
在我正式开始讲这些做饭的时候会用到的词汇之前，我先花几分钟讲讲有关道德品质的两个单词。
What does "moral imperative" mean?It means that to be a good person, I must tell you something about these words.
"Moral imperative"是什么意思呢？意思就是要做一个好人，我有必要告诉你们这几个单词的含义。
First: "a chef", a chef is a person who studied cooking, went to school and studied, has worked in many restaurants, and has practiced for a long time in his art, his cooking skills.
第一个："A chef"，主厨就是研究烹饪的人，去学校学习，在很多餐馆工作，花很长时间磨练自己的烹饪技艺。
This person - or her -, this person probably has a diploma and is usually the boss of a kitchen in a restaurant somewhere.
这个人（也有可能是女性）很可能有学位证书，而且经常是某个餐馆的厨师长。
Now, "a cook" is a person who is just starting to cook or somebody who just makes food at home.Anybody can be a cook.
"A cook"说的是刚开始学做菜的人，或者在家做饭的人。所有人都可以做"cook"。
So "cook" could be a noun, the person, or: "to cook", verb, to prepare dishes.
这个单词可以是名词，表示厨师；也可以是动词，做菜。
Now, very, very, very important and I must stress this: "cook", the pronunciation of this word is very important.
非常非常非常重要的一点，我必须要强调的是，"cook"这个单词的发音，这点很重要。
It's: "uh", "uh", "uhk". "Cook", okay? "Cook".Sounds like, it rhymes with: "look" or: "took" or: "book". Okay?
发音是"uh"， "uh"， "uhk"，"Cook"，明白了吗？与这几个单词同音："look"，"took"，"book"，明白吗？
"Book", "took", "look", "cook".It does not, not rhyme with: "rock" or: "sock" or: "lock". Okay? Not.
"Book", "took", "look", "cook".但是跟这几个单词并不同音："rock"，"sock"，"lock"，明白吗？
So if somebody says to you: "Oh, I'm a good cock." Say: "I'm happy for you. Bye-bye." Okay?
如果有人对你说"Oh, I'm a good cock."这句话的话，你就说一句：“哇真替你开心，再见。”明白吗？
Because they're talking about something else completely."Cook", be very careful about this word.Okay, let's get started.
因为它们说的是完全不同的另外一件事情。"Cook"，一定要注意这个单词。好了，开始讲这些内容。
Let's say you're on the internet, you want to look for some new dishes, you want to surprise your family with a nice new meal from a different country maybe.
如果你在上网，想要学做点儿新菜，给家里人带来点惊喜，可能你要学外国菜。
You get on the internet and you find a "recipe", recipe for a nice dish.
你上网之后找到菜谱，一道美味佳肴的菜谱。
But, you're not sure about how to make it because you don't recognize some of these actions.
但是你不确定具体应该怎么操作，因为你不懂这些步骤。
"Pot", "pan", all of these things you can understand.
“煮锅”、“平底锅”，这些东西你都懂。
My little stove here, and my little oven here, I'm sure you can understand.Let's look at the actions.
这是我的小炉子，我的烤箱在那里，我确定你都懂。那我们来看看这些步骤。
"To saute", now this word actually comes from the French, but we use it in English as well.
"To saute"，这个单词其实来源于法语，但我们英语中也用。
"To saute" means in a skillet or in a pan, to cook lightly.
它的意思是在煎锅或者平底锅里稍微烹调一下。
So you have your pan, your flat pan, put a little bit of oil, put in your onions on the stove,
你拿出平底锅，放一点油，把洋葱放到里面然后放到炉子上，
and you saute, you flip, you cook it a little bit to a little bit brown, and then you put other things in it or you add it to other things.
稍微烹调，翻面，稍微变色之后再加入其他的东西，或者把它加到其他东西里面。
"Boil/simmer", these are very similar actions.
"Boil/simmer"，这两个非常相似。
"Boil", you put something in a pot, like something like this and high, full of water.You put the heat very, very high.
"Boil"，你把东西放再锅里，里面装满水。然后把温度调到非常高。
So boiling is very high heat, big bubbles, and very fast moving.
那么"boiling"就是大火煮，冒着大泡泡，快速翻滚。
"Bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh, bluh." Right? Like very boiling, so the bubbles go very fast and very high.
发出“咕嘟咕嘟”的声音，泡泡会非常快速的翻涌。
"Simmer" means lower heat, small bubbles moving slowly. Okay?
"Simmer"是小火，泡泡会比较小，慢慢翻涌。
So when you're making a nice soup or a stew, first you get everything boiling, and then you reduce the heat and let it simmer for like an hour; get all the flavours to blend together really nicely.
所以你在做很好喝的汤或者炖肉的话，你先要大火煮，再小火慢慢炖一小时，把所有的味道都完美混合到一起。
Then you have: "broil/roast".So "broil" and "roast", we're using the oven.
接下来是"broil/roast"。这两个单词是我们在用烤炉时用到的。
If you want to cook something like very quickly and get the top like very crispy, you broil.
如果你想快速烹调什么东西而且还想让它表面比较酥的话，你就需要"broil"。
"Broil" means heat from the top, so the heat is going like this on to the food.
"Broil"就是说从上面加热，热量从顶上来。
"Roast" means the heat is coming from the bottom and the sides, so it cooks the inside and takes a little bit longer. Okay.
"Roast"说的是从底下和旁边来，所以会把里面做熟，需要的时间要长一点。
"Grill". "Grill", like for example: when you barbeque. When you're barbequing, you are grilling.
"Grill"，比如说你在户外烧烤的时候，就是在grilling。
You have the lines of the grill, you put your steak on it, then you flip it, etc.That's grilling, usually with fire, coals, lines.
烤架上有格子，你可以把牛排放上去，然后翻过来之类的。这就是grilling，一般都要涉及到火、炭还有烤架。
Next: you're preparing your...All your "ingredients".That's another good word.
下一个，你要准备好所有的"ingredient"。这是另外一个好词。
OK? All your ingredients, all the things that will go into the dish.So you have to "chop" or "dice".
所有的食材，所有做菜需要的东西。你需要"chop"和"dice"。
Now, if you're a chef, there's a difference between "chop" and "dice".
如果你是主厨的话，"chop"和"dice"之间是有区别的。
If you're cooking at home, there's no difference.
但是如果你在家做菜，就没什么区别了。
Like quickly cut, you take your knife, your cutting board and: "Ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch, ch" into little pieces.
就是拿着刀很快地切成小片。
The only difference between these two is the size that...Of the onion, let's say you're cutting onion into little pieces. "Chop", "dice".
这两个唯一的区别就是大小，比如说你在切洋葱的话，就是切成小块。"Chop"，"Dice"。
"Slice". "Slice" means you're getting larger pieces.
"Slice"，切的要稍微大一些。
If you take your onion, you slice, you have a nice round piece of onion and then you put it on your hamburger.Very delicious.
还是比如切洋葱的话，就是切一个洋葱圈出来，放到汉堡里。非常好吃。
"Fry", anything that you do with oil, even sautéing is a type of frying because you're doing it with oil.
"Fry"，用油的各种做菜方法，甚至sauté也是一种煎东西的方法，因为你里面放了油。
"Deep-fry" means you cover it with oil.Regular "fry" means just oil both sides, away you go.
"Deep-fry"就是你在上面盖满了油。普通的"fry"就是两边涂油，然后放进去烤。
"Stir", so when you're simmering something, don't forget once in a while to give it a stir.
"Stir"，就是说你在小火慢炖的时候，别忘了时不时搅拌一下。
Otherwise, all the ingredients, all the heavy ingredients will fall to the bottom and burn. Okay?
如果不搅拌的话，那些比较重的食材可能就会沉底然后糊掉。

Every once in a while stir, get everything rising up again; get all those flavours mixing. Okay?So there. Now, I love to eat.
时不时搅拌一下，所有的东西就又漂起来了，这样味道才能充分融合。这就是今天的内容了，我很喜欢吃。
I mean I...I'm sure I don't look maybe that big to you, but I do love to eat.
我知道我看起来不像那么大块头，但是我确实喜欢吃东西。
Please, send me a recommended dish.What is your favourite dish?Go to www.engvid.com.
所以请给我推荐一些好吃的。你最喜欢的菜肴是什么？登陆www.engvid.com。
First of all, you can practice these words with a quiz.Second, tell me: what is your favourite dish?
首先在上面做练习，记住这些单词。然后告诉我，你最喜欢吃什么菜？
What must I try to say that I have lived?I need to know your dish. Okay?
我必须得吃个什么菜才算没白活？我想要知道你推荐的菜肴。
Also, make sure to go to YouTube, check my channel and subscribe to it.And come again, visit us. Bye.
记得去Youtube订阅我的频道。下次见，拜拜。