Hello, I'm Oli. Welcome to Oxford Online English.
你们好，我是奥利。欢迎来到牛津在线英语。
In this lesson, I'm going to give you some advice for the IELTS speaking exam.
这节课，我会给你一些雅思口试的建议。
In another lesson, we looked at IELTS writing, and how to approach it, and today we'll look at advice for the speaking test.
另一节课中我们学习了雅思写作的处理方式，今天我们来看看雅思口语建议。
First of all, use part one of the speaking test to relax and get comfortable.
首先，口试第一部分可以用来放松和适应考试。
You might be feeling nervous before your exam. That's completely normal.
考试前你可能会紧张，这很正常。
In part one, the examiner will ask you some simple questions, like questions about your job, about your hobbies or your home town, or something like that.
第一部分，考官会问你一些简单的问题，如工作、爱好、家乡之类的。
The questions should be quite easy to answer, so this is your chance to relax, get comfortable, and get used to the examiner's voice.
这些问题回答起来很简单，这是你放松和适应的机会，习惯考官的声音。

If you can give good answers to the questions in part one, hopefully that will build your confidence and you'll feel more comfortable speaking in the exam.
如果你能在第一部分回答得好，这会增加你的自信，让你在口试中更应对自如。
Point two: use the bullet points in part two to structure your answer.
第二点，在第二部分列出要点来组织你的答案。
In part two, the examiner will give you a topic, and you need to prepare a short speech on that topic.
第二部分，考官会给你一个话题，你要根据这个话题准备一个短小的讲话。
Usually you need to speak for one or two minutes.
通常你要说上一至两分钟。
Let's look at a sample question: "Describe something you own which is very important to you.
让我们看一个例题：描述一个对你很重要的东西。
You should say: where you got it from, how long you've had it, what you use it for, and explain why it's important to you."
你要说：你从哪里得到的它，拥有多久了，用途是什么，解释为何对你很重要。
All the questions in IELTS part two have the same form.
雅思第二部分的问题形式一样。
There's the main question, and then there are bullet points.
先是主要问题，然后是要点。
Use the bullet points to help you plan your ideas and organise your answer.
用这些要点帮你列提纲组织答案。
Then, start with a simple intro sentence, something like: "I'd like to tell you about my '''," whatever it is.
然后，以一句简短的介绍开始，如“我想告诉你关于我的……”不论它是什么。
Then, try to add one or two sentences for each bullet point.
然后试着在每个要点里说上一两句话。
If you can add two sentences for each bullet point, that will probably fill the time which you need to speak.
如果你能在每个要点里说上一两句话，这将会扩充你的谈话时间。
Of course, if you can add more, then that's better, but this should be your minimum goal.
当然，如果你能说越多越好，但这只是最低目标。
This will also help to make sure your answer is clear and relevant and well-organised, all of which will help you to speak more fluently and more clearly.
这还能使你的回答清楚、切题、有条理，让你的交谈更流畅清晰。
Point three: develop your ideas as much as possible.
第三点：尽可能的展开你的想法。
Remember: the examiner isn't giving you a score for the English you know; the examiner is giving you a score for the English which you produce in the exam.
记住考官不是基于你所知道的英语给你分数，而是基于你考试中的表达。
A student who doesn't use what they know and a student who doesn't know anything are in the same position from the examiner's point of view.
一个不会用已知的知识回答问题的学生和一个什么也不知道的学生在考官眼里是一样的。
That's why it's so important to develop your ideas.
所以展开你的想法很重要。
Don't give a simple answer. Don't give short-sentence answers.
不要给出简单的回答，不要用短句回答。
Add a reason; add an example; add some details to every answer, whenever you can.
加上原因，事例，尽可能地在每个答案上加上细节。
To look at this, let's go back to our part two sample question.
让我们回到问题二的例题上。
Let's look at our sample question again. Here it is. I hope you remember it.
再看看范例的问题，这里，我希望你还记得。
And now we're going to look at a sample answer.
现在我们看看答案样本。
"I have a photo of my grandparents which is very important to me.
我有一张祖父母的照片，这对我很重要。
My parents gave it to me when I was at university. I've kept it for over ten years.
在我大学的时候，我父母将它给了我。我保存了十年之久。
I like to take it out and look at it sometimes.
我喜欢时常拿出来看看。
It's important to me because I was very close to my grandparents when I was little."
它对我很重要，因为小时候祖父母跟我关系很近。
What do you think of this answer? Is it a good answer? Could it be better?
你怎么看这个回答，是好的答案吗？还能更好吗？
It's not a bad answer: it covers all the points which the question asks, which is good.
不错的答案，包含了所有问题的要点，很好。
It's clear, but it's a little bit short and it doesn't have enough detail.
表达清晰，但有点短，没有足够的细节。
It would be hard to get a very high score with an answer like this.
这样的回答很难得高分。
Let's look at how we can make this answer better by adding reasons, details or examples to different parts of it.
让我们看看如何通过给每部分增加原因，细节或事例使这个答案更完美。
Our first sentence: "I have a photo of my grandparents which is very important to me.
第一句话是我有一张祖父母的照片，这对我很重要。
The photo was taken when they were younger, and it shows them on holiday somewhere by the sea."
照片是他们年轻的时候在某个海边度假时照的。
So, we add more details to the description.
所以我们增加了描述的细节。
We don't just say: "It's a photo of my grandparents."
我们不只是说：这是我祖父母的照片。
We talk about where the photo was taken, and what you can see.
我们说照片在哪里拍的，你可以看到什么。
Our second sentence: "My parents gave it to me when I was at university, because they knew how important it would be to me."
第二句话：在我大学的时候，我父母将它给了我。因为他们知道这对我很重要。
So, we add a reason: why did your parents give it to you?
所以我们添上理由：为何你的父母把它给你？
"I like to take it out and look at it sometimes.
我喜欢时常拿出来看看。
It helps me to remember my childhood and it makes me feel happy, especially if I'm having a lot of problems."
它让我想到了童年，使我感到幸福，特别是我处于许多麻烦之中时。
So again, we add a reason: why do you like to take out this photo and look at it?
所以我们又加了一条理由：为何你喜欢拿出照片看看？
Give some details of why it's important to you.
给出它对你重要的细节。
Our last sentence: "It's important to me because I was very close to my grandparents when I was little.
最后一句：它对我很重要，因为小时候祖父母跟我关系很近。
They often looked after me when my parents were working, and I always loved spending time with them."
当我父母工作时，他们经常照看我，我总是很喜欢和他们在一起。
So you can see: by adding these details, reasons and examples to your answer, you can make your answer much more detailed,
所以你看，通过在回答上添加这些细节，原因和事例，你能使回答更具体，
much more developed, and give yourself a better chance of getting a higher score.
展开得更多，更有可能得高分。
Adding details, examples and reasons like this will help you to use a wider range of English in your answers, and that will help you to get a better score.
像这样添加细节，原因和事例有助于你在回答中使用更多的语言表达，利于得高分。
So you should develop your answers like this whenever you can: not just in part two, right through the speaking exam.
你应尽可能像这样展开答案，不只是在第二部分，而是在整个口语考试中。
Point four: ask if you don't understand something.
第四点：问自己是否有不理解的。
I have some good news for you: it's perfectly normal not to understand what someone said.
我有一些好消息：不理解某人说的话很正常。
I don't always understand what people say. People don't always understand what I say.
我不总是理解别人说的，别人也不总是理解我说的话。
When you speak your language, does everybody understand what you say? No, of course not!
当你说母语的时候，所有人都理解你说的话吗？当然不是。
So, don't be afraid to ask for an explanation if you don't understand something which the examiner has said.
所以如果你听不懂考官说的，别害怕，可以让他解释一下。
It doesn't mean your English is bad; it won't affect your score.
这不意味着你英语不好，也不会影响你的得分。
In fact, it's much better to ask instead of trying to answer a question which you haven't really understood.
事实上，与其回答你不懂的问题，不如问清楚。
Finally, point five: focus on communicating clearly.
最后第五点：注重表达清楚。
In IELTS, communicating clearly and expressing your ideas are more important than using grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation accurately, especially for bands four, five and six.
考雅思时交流清楚，表达观点比使用正确的语法、词汇和发音更重要，特别是对于4至6分。
OK, if you need to get band eight or band nine, then you can't make language mistakes: you can't make grammar mistakes or vocabulary mistakes.
如果你要得八九分，那么你不能犯语言错误，你不能有语法或词汇错误。
But most students don't need band eight or nine; most students need band six, or six point five, or seven, and in those bands it's quite possible to get those scores without speaking perfectly.
但多数学生不需要八九分，他们需要6分、6.5或7分，即使不用表达完美也可以得到。
And communicating clearly is much more important.
表达清晰很重要。
It's quite possible to get band six, while making several mistakes with grammar or vocabulary or pronunciation, so long as your meaning is clear.
在语法、词汇或发音上犯一些错误也能得六分，只要你的意思准确。
To get band seven you need to be more accurate, but it's still possible to get seven while making a few mistakes.
你需要更精确才能得7分，但是犯一点错误也能得到。
This doesn't mean that grammar and vocabulary and pronunciation are not important; of course they are.
这不意味着语法、词汇和发音不重要，它们当然重要。
But the way IELTS scores are decided, fluency and speaking clearly are much more important.
但是雅思分数决定了流畅和表达清晰更为重要。
So don't start worrying about verb tenses, word meanings or things like that in the middle of your speaking exam.
所以不用担心口试中的动词时态、词义之类。
You'll have a better chance to get a higher score if you just relax, and focus on speaking as naturally and fluently as you can.
如果你能放松自如的在考试中流利表达，你就有得高分的机会。
OK, that's the end of the lesson. I hope you found it helpful.
课程结束，希望对你有帮助。
If you want to read the full text of this lesson, and you're watching this on YouTube, check out our website: you can see the full lesson there with the text.
如果你想阅读本课的文本，你可以在Youtube上看到，访问我们的网站。
That's all for today. Thank you very much for watching. I'll see you next time. Bye bye!
今天就到这里。感谢观看，下次见，再见。