Hi, I'm Oli. Welcome to Oxford Online English.
大家好，我是奥利，欢迎来到牛津在线英语。
In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam.
在这节课中，你们可以学到雅思口语考试的技巧。
The IELTS speaking test has three parts.
雅思口语考试分为三个部分。
In this class, you can learn about part one of the speaking exam in more detail, and how to improve your score.
在这节课上，你们可以学到口语考试第一部分的更多详细内容，以及如何提高分数。
First, let's review what happens in part one of the IELTS speaking test.
首先，我们来回顾一下雅思口语考试第一部分的内容。
After you introduce yourself, the examiner will ask you some simple questions about one or two topics.
在你做完自我介绍后，考官会就一两个话题问你一些简单的问题。
Some common topics are: where you live, your job, your family, your free time, food, sports, and other simple things like this.
一些常见的话题包括：你住的地方、工作、家庭、空余时间、食物、运动和其他诸如此类的简单事情。
Section one of the IELTS speaking test lasts four-five minutes.
雅思口语考试第一部分的时长为四到五分钟。
The examiner reads questions from a script, so it's not a discussion—it's just question and answer.
考官会把准备好的问题读给你听，所以这并不是讨论的部分，只是问答。
In this video, we'll look at some sample IELTS speaking test questions and answers, and see what makes a good answer.
在这种视频中，我们会看一些雅思口语考试问答部分的样题，看看什么样的才是好答案。
Part one: The First Questions in IELTS Speaking
第一部分：雅思口语第一问
At the beginning of the exam, the examiner will ask you some basic questions: What's your name? Where are you from? Can I see some identification, please?
在考试刚开始时，考官会问你一些基础的问题：你叫什么名字？你来自哪里？能请你出示一下身份证明吗？
These are easy questions, and they are the same in every IELTS exam.
这些问题都很简单，而且每一场雅思考试的题都是一样的。
Use the start of the exam to get comfortable.
好好利用考试开头这段时间适应一下。
You might be nervous at the beginning of your IELTS speaking test.
在雅思口语考试刚开始时，你可能会觉得紧张。
This is normal, but you need to try to relax.If you're more relaxed, you'll speak better.
这很正常，但是你要努力放松。你越是放松，回答得就会越好。
So what can you do?Answer the examiner in full sentences.Don't say, “Berlin,” say, "I'm from Berlin."
那么你该怎么办呢？用完整的句子回答考官。回答时不要光说"Berlin"，要说"I'm from Berlin."。
Don't say, “Andrew,” say, "My name's Andrew Gray."Speak in a clear, confident voice and make eye contact with the examiner.
不要只说"Andrew"，而要说"My name's Andrew Gray."。要清楚、自信地回答，要与考官有眼神交流。
Making a strong start will help you to feel more in control.This will help you to feel more confident speaking English in the exam.
强有力的开始能让你感觉对局面更有掌控权。这会帮助你在考试中讲英语时更有自信。
Part two: Speaking Fluently and Clearly. After the opening questions, the examiner will ask you questions about one of the simple topics we saw earlier.
第二部分：清晰流畅地作答。开头的问题结束后，考官会从我们之前看过的简单话题中挑一个问你。
Let's start with a simple question: "Describe your hometown."We're going to look at three different answers.
我们从一个简单的问题开始吧："Describe your hometown"（请描述一下你的家乡）。我会给你们看三个不同的回答。
In this section, you can see how you can speak more fluently and clearly. Ready?
在这个部分，你可以看到自己如何才能说得更加流畅清晰。准备好了吗？
Answer number one: "I come from Moscow. It's a big city."What do you think? Is this a good answer?
一号答案：“我来自莫斯科，那是一个大城市。”你们觉得怎么样？这个回答好吗？
No, it isn't.It's too short, and there aren't any details.
不，不好。这个回答太简短了，而且一点详细的内容都没有。
To get a score of 6 or 7 in IELTS, you need to speak at length.
雅思要想考到6分或7分，回答问题时要详细些。
You also need to use a wide range of vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation features.
还需要用到广泛的词汇、语法和发音特色。
If you give a very short answer, you can't do any of these things.
如果你只做简短的回答，那么以上任何一点都无法做到。
Remember: every question is a chance to show the examiner what you can do in English!Let's try again!
记住，每个问题都是你向考官展示你的英语能力的机会。我们再来试试吧！
Answer number two: "I'm from Moscow. As you may know, Moscow is the capital of Russia.
二号答案：“我来自莫斯科。您或许也知道，莫斯科是俄罗斯的首都。
I'm really proud of my city and I miss it when I'm not there.
我为我的城市感到非常自豪，身在异地时很想念它。
In my neighborhood, there are many cafes and parks where I like to hang out with friends in the evening."
我家附近有很多咖啡馆和公园，我很喜欢傍晚时和朋友们在那儿玩。”
What about this one? It's better, right?It's longer and it has lots of details.
这个回答怎么样？比上一个好，对吧？这个回答更长，而且加入了很多细节。
However, this answer isn't really answering the question.
但是，这个回答有些答非所问。
The answer talks about how you feel about your hometown, and what you like doing there.
答案描述的是你对你家乡的感觉，以及你喜欢在那儿做的事情。
The question asks you to describe your hometown, not say how you feel about it.This is a common problem.
而题目是要求你描述你的家乡，不是让你说你对它的感觉。这个问题很常见。
Many IELTS students know that they need to give longer answers, but it's also important to stay on topic.You do need to develop your ideas.
很多考雅思的学生都知道他们需要作出详细一些的回答，但是切题同样也很重要。你确实需要扩展你的想法。
You do need to add details to your answers, but you also need to answer the question which the examiner asked.
你确实需要在回答中加入细节，但你同样也需要回答考官提出的问题。
You can't just talk about whatever comes into your head!
不能当时脑子里想到了什么就说什么。
OK, let's look at answer number three: "I come from Moscow.
好了，我们来看看三号答案：“我来自莫斯科。
It's a very large city, and also the capital, so it's very busy and crowded.
那是一个很大的城市，也是首都，所以那里非常繁忙拥挤。
It's the kind of place where people always seem to be in a hurry.
那里的人们看上去总是很匆忙。
The center has a lot of historical buildings and monuments, while out of the center there are mostly just residential areas."
城市中心有很多名胜古迹，市中心之外大部分都只是居民区。”
This is the best answer. It's clear, detailed, and on-topic.
这才是最佳回答，思路清晰、内容详细并且非常切题。
Remember that you can pause the video and review the answers if you want. Okay.
别忘了，如果想再看一遍这些回答，你可以暂停一下视频。
Part three: Using Vocabulary Effectively in Your Answers. Let's look at another question: "Describe your home."
第三部分：作答时有效使用词汇。我们来看另一个问题："Describe your home"（描述一下你的家）。
This time, we'll look at two sample answers together.
这一次我们总共有两个答案范例。
Think about how the candidates use vocabulary, and which candidate does a better job.
思考一下这些考生是如何用词的，以及哪一位考生的回答更好。
Answer number one: "I live in an apartment in a big building.
一号答案："I live in an apartment in a big building.（我住在一栋大楼里的一间公寓。）
My apartment has four rooms. There is a bedroom, a living room, and a kitchen.
My apartment has four rooms. There is a bedroom, a living room, and a kitchen.（我的公寓有四间房，一间卧室、一个客厅和一个厨房。）
The fourth room is a… um… I forgot the word in English."
The fourth room is a… um… I forgot the word in English."（第四间房是......我忘了那个单词用英语怎么说了。）
Answer number two: "I live in a mid-sized apartment in a tower block.
二号答案："I live in a mid-sized apartment in a tower block.（我住在一栋高层住宅楼里的一间中等面积的公寓。）
It has four rooms in total, with a tiny bedroom, an open-plan living room, and a dining area, and a kitchen.
It has four rooms in total, with a tiny bedroom, an open-plan living room, and a dining area, and a kitchen.（总共有四间房：一间很小的卧室、一个开放式的客厅、一个餐厅和一个厨房。）
Then there's a… what's the word?Like an office, where I do some work or studying sometimes."
Then there’s a… what’s the word? （然后还有一个......那个词是什么来着？）Like an office, where I do some work or studying sometimes."（就像办公室一样，我有时候会在那儿工作或学习。）
Which answer do you think is better?I hope it was obvious, the second answer is much better.
你觉得哪个回答更好呢？很明显，第二个回答要好得多。
What makes this answer better?Well... the use of vocabulary is much better in the second answer.
这个回答为什么更好呢？第二个回答中使用的词汇要好很多。
The first candidate lives in a big building.The second lives in a tower block.This is much more specific.
第一个考生说他住在"big building"（大楼）里。第二个说他住在"tower block"（高层住宅楼）里。显然第二个考生的回答更为具体。
The second candidate also uses a lot of adjectives, like mid-sized, tiny or open-plan, while the first candidate doesn't add any description.
第二个考生还用了很多形容词，比如"mid-sized"， "tiny"， "open-plan"，而第一位考生没有进行任何形容。
Using a variety of vocabulary can make your answer clearer and more descriptive. This helps your score.
使用多样化的词汇能使你的回答更为清晰，描述更为生动，这对提高分数大有裨益。
Both candidates forget a word, but the second candidate deals with it much better.
两位考生都出现了忘词的情况，但第二位考生应对得更好。
The first candidate just gives up and says “I don't know the word”, while the second candidate finds a way to explain the word and explain the meaning.
第一位考生直接就放弃了，说：“我不知道那个单词”，而第二位考生想办法对这个词进行了解释，说明了它的意思。
You don't need a perfect vocabulary to get a good score in the IELTS exam.
并不是拥有完美的词汇量才能在雅思考试中取得高分。
If you don't know a word, don't panic, and don't give up.
有单词不会也不要慌，不要放弃。
Try to find other words or phrases which have a similar meaning.
想办法找到意思相近的其他单词或短语代替。
When preparing for your IELTS exam, think about the topics which can appear in part one.
在备考雅思时，可以想想第一部分可能会出现的话题。
Learn some more advanced or interesting vocabulary you could use for each topic.
学一些在各个话题中能用上的更高级或有趣的词。
For example, learn and practice ten words to describe your home, ten words to describe your hometown, ten words to talk about your hobbies, and so on.
比如学习并练习十个描述家的词，十个描述家乡的词，十个谈论兴趣爱好的词等等。
Part four: Improving Your Grammar Score in Part One of the IELTS Speaking Exam
第四部分：提高雅思口语考试第一部分的语法分
Let's look at our third sample question: "What do you like doing in your free time?"
我们来看看第三个样题："What do you like doing in your free time?"（你在业余时间喜欢干什么？）
We'll look at three sample answers.This time, we're going to focus on grammar.Think about how these candidates use grammar.
我会给你们看三个回答范例。这一次，我们要关注的是语法。思考一下这些考生是如何使用语法的。
Answer number one: "I have a lot of different hobbies. What I do depends on my mood.
一号答案："I have a lot of different hobbies. What I do depends on my mood.（我有很多不同的爱好，我做什么一般取决于当时的心情。）
For example, if I'm feeling energetic, I like to play basketball or go jogging.
For example, if I’m feeling energetic, I like to play basketball or go jogging.（举个例子，如果我感觉精力充沛，就喜欢打篮球或者去慢跑。）
If I want to relax, I read a book or cook something. I find cooking very relaxing."
If I want to relax, I read a book or cook something. I find cooking very relaxing."（如果我想放松一下，就看书或下厨，我觉得做饭非常让人放松。）
What do you think? Good answer?
你觉得怎么样？这个回答好吗？
Yes, it is. It's very good, it's clear, and the candidate has mixed shorter and longer sentences.
是的，没错，这个回答非常好，非常清晰，而且这个考生把长短句搭配起来用了。
There aren't any grammar mistakes. It's a really good answer.
没有语法错误，这个回答非常棒。
However, most IELTS candidates can't use grammar perfectly, and they make mistakes when they speak.
但是，大部分雅思考生都无法完美地运用语法，说话时出现错误在所难免。
Let's look at two more answers which might be more realistic for you if you're planning to take IELTS in the near future.
我们再来看两个回答，如果你打算不久以后就参加雅思考试，这些对你来说可能更实际。
So, answer number two: "I have lot of hobbies.
二号答案："I have lot of hobbies.（我有很多爱好。）
I'm doing different things depending on what's my mood.
I’m doing different things depending on what’s my mood.（心情不同，我做的事情也不一样。）
For example, if I am very energy, I will play basketball or go to jogging.
For example, if I am very energy, I will play basketball or go to jogging.（举个例子，如果我精力充沛就会打篮球或慢跑。）
If I want to relaxation, I read some books or cook something.
If I want to relaxation, I read some books or cook something.（如果我想放松，就会看些书或煮点东西。）
Cooking is relaxing to me."Answer number three: "I have many hobbies.
Cooking is relaxing to me."（做饭对我来说很放松。）三号答案："I have many hobbies.（我有很多爱好。）
Sometimes I play basketball or go jogging.Sometimes I read or cook. Cooking is relaxing."
Sometimes I play basketball or go jogging. （有时候我会打篮球或慢跑。）Sometimes I read or cook. Cooking is relaxing."（有时候我会看书或做饭。做饭很放松。）
Remember, we're focusing on grammar.Which answer do you think is better?
记住，我们关注的是语法。你觉得哪个回答更好？
It might surprise you that answer number two is better than number three, even though there are many, many grammar mistakes in the second answer.
你可能会觉得很惊讶，但第二个回答虽然有很多很多语法错误，但它还是好过第三个回答。
In the third answer, there are no grammar mistakes.What's going on?
虽然在第三个回答中一个语法错误都没有。怎么回事？
How can an answer with lots of mistakes be better than an answer with no mistakes?
有很多错误的答案怎么会比没有错误的答案更好呢？
First, the second candidate at least tries to use more complex sentences.
第一，起码第二位考生尽力用了一些更复杂的句子。
The third candidate uses very short, simple sentences.
而第三位考生使用的都是非常短，非常简单的句子。
This is an interesting point: in IELTS, trying and failing, or partly succeeding, is better than not trying at all.
在雅思考试中，尽力然后失败或者获得部分成功好过于压根没有尽力尝试，这一点很有意思。
The third candidate is trying to stay safe, by only using grammar which he/she knows, but this is not the best idea.
第三位考生以安全为上，只用了他（她）知道的语法，但这并不是最好的办法。
Secondly, the second answer is clear.
第二，第二个回答非常清晰。
There are lots of grammar mistakes, but the mistakes don't make it difficult to understand.
第二个回答中确实存在很多语法错误，但是这些错误并不妨碍对句意的理解。
This is another important point: in the IELTS exam, mistakes which don't affect your meaning are not such a big problem.
在雅思考试中，不影响意思的错误算不上非常严重的问题，这又是很重要的一点。
I should say now, this is only true if you are aiming for a score of 6.0 to 7.0.
但是我要说的是，如果你只是冲着6-7分的成绩去的话，这一点是没错的。
If you need to get 7.5 or higher, then you need to speak accurately, without grammar mistakes, like the first candidate.
但如果你需要达到7.5分及以上，那么你作答时就要保证准确性，不能出现语法错误，第一位考生就是很好的例子。
However, this is not true for many IELTS students, especially students I meet.Most people need a score in the 6.0-7.0 range.
但这并不适用于很多考雅思的学生，尤其是我遇到的学生。大部分人需要的分数都在6-7分之间。
If this is what you need, you don't need perfect grammar, just like you don't need perfect vocabulary.
如果你也只需要这样的成绩，那么你在语法方面并不需要做到十全十美，就像你不需要完美的词汇量一样。
You need to use what you know to communicate clearly.That's much more important.
你只需要用你知道的内容把意思表达清楚就行。这一点更为重要。
So, if you know that your grammar is not perfect, it's better to try to speak fluently and express yourself clearly.
所以，如果你知道自己的语法并不完美，那么你最好做到讲话流畅，表达清晰。
You can still get a good score in the IELTS speaking test.
这样你还是可以在雅思口语考试中拿到不错的分数。
Okay. Part five: Review.Let's go over what we've talked about today.
好了，第五部分：复习。我们来复习一下今天讲过的内容。
To get a higher score in part one of the IELTS speaking test, you need to give longer, more detailed answers without going off-topic.
要在雅思口语考试第一部分中得到高分，你需要在不跑题的前提下给出较长、更为详细的回答。
You need to use a range of vocabulary to make your answers more descriptive.
你需要使用大量的词汇以使自己的回答更为形象。

You need to find a way to express yourself even if you don't know a word.
你要想办法做到在不知道单词怎么说的情况下也能表达自己的意思。
You need to try to use some longer, more grammatically complex sentences even if you make some mistakes.
即使会出错，你也要试着使用一些更长、语法上更为复杂的句子。
Think about the questions we looked at today: "Describe your hometown.", "Describe your home.", "What do you do in your free time?"
想一想我们今天看过的这些问题：“请描述一下你的家乡”，“请描述一下你的家”，“你在空余时间会做什么？”。
Think about how you could answer these questions in the IELTS exam.
想一想你在参加雅思考试时会如何回答这些问题。
What details could you add? What vocabulary could you use?
想一想你能加上哪些细节，可以使用哪些单词。
If you want, you can leave your answers in the video comments, and we'll give you feedback.
你可以在视频的评论区写下你的回答，我们会给你回复的。
That's the end of the lesson.So thanks very much for watching! I really hope it was useful for you.
今天的课就到此结束了。非常感谢你的观看！希望这个视频对你有所帮助。
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: Oxford Online English.com.
更多免费课程可以登陆我们的网站Oxford Online English.com。
But that's all for today.Thanks again. See you next time!
但今天就这样了。再次表示感谢。下次见！