Hello, I'm Oli. Welcome to Oxford Online English.In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam.
你们好，我是奥利。欢迎来到牛津在线英语课堂。这节课里，你会学到关于雅思口语考试的内容。
You can see how the exam works, and how your score is decided.In another lesson, we gave you some advice for the speaking exam.
你可以了解到考试内容和评分标准。在其他课程里，我们会给你一些口语考试的建议。
However, I've helped a lot of students prepare for IELTS, and most people don't seem to have a clear idea of how the exam works, and in particular, how the examiners work out your score.
然而，我帮助很多学生备考雅思，但是多数人不是很清楚考试是怎么进行的，特别是考官如何给你打分。
Understanding the exam and the scoring system can help you to prepare for the exam more effectively.
明白考试和打分系统可以帮你更有效的备考。
The IELTS speaking test has three sections, and lasts around 11-14 minutes in total.
雅思口语考试有三部分，总共约11至14分钟。
The test is the same whether you are taking general IELTS or academic IELTS.
无论你是参加移民类雅思还是学术类雅思，考试是一样。

The exam is supposed to be like a real-life conversation—the examiners want to see if you can communicate in a natural way.
考试应像是真正生活化的交流，考官想要看你是否可以自然交流。
Your exam will be recorded, and examiners use the recording to determine your score.
你的测试会被记录，考官根据记录决定你的分数。
First, let's look at the three sections of the speaking test.Part one is the introduction.
首先，让我们看看口语考试的三个部分。第一部分是自我介绍。
During part one, the examiner will welcome you and ask you some simple questions about yourself.
第一部分，考官会欢迎你并问你一些个人的简单问题。
Some common topics which the examiner might ask you about are: your job, your hometown, hobbies and interests, simple things like this.
考官可能会问你一些常见话题：你的工作、家乡、爱好和兴趣，类似这种简单的问题。
Of course, there are other possibilities.However, the questions in part one should be quite simple.
当然还有其他的可能。然而，第一部分的问题会很简单。
Part one lasts around four or five minutes.Next is part two, the long turn.
第一部分约4－5分钟。接下来是第二部分，较长的部分。
In part two, the examiner will give you a topic.You have one minute to prepare a speech on the topic.
在第二部分，考官会给你一个话题。你有一分钟就这个话题准备发言。
Let's look at a sample question: "Describe an important choice you had to make in your life.
让我们看一个样题：描述一个你在生活中做的重要决定。
You should say: ? When you had this choice ? What you had to choose between ? Whether you made a good choice ? And explain how you felt when you were making this choice."
你应该说：你何时做的决定，你从什么中做的选择，你是否做了正确的选择，解释你在做选择时的感受。
You can make notes during your preparation time, although you only have one minute, so don't try to write too much—just write short notes if you write anything.
你可以在准备时间里做笔记，尽管只有一分钟时间，所以别写太多，写的话就简短的记下笔记。
You need to speak for between one and two minutes in part two.
第二部分你要说一到两分钟。
If you speak for longer, the examiner will interrupt you, but this doesn't really matter.You need to talk for at least one minute.
如果你说超时了，考官会打断你，但这没关系。你必须说至少一分钟。
If you talk for less than one minute, it might affect your score.
如果你的讲话少于一分钟，可能会影响成绩。
After you finish speaking, the examiner will ask you one or two basic questions about what you said, just to ask for more detail about some of the points which you made.
在你讲完后，考官会根据你所说的问你一至两个基本问题，就你说的重点问一些细节。
Next is part three, which is the open discussion.The examiner will ask you more complex and open-ended questions.
接下来是第三部分，自由讨论。考官会问你更复杂，开放式的问题。
The topic is generally related to the topic from part two, although the examiner can take the conversation in a different direction.
该话题通常和第二部分相关，尽管考官会从不同方向谈起。
The examiner wants to see if you can give longer, more detailed answers, and also talk about abstract or unfamiliar topics.
考官想看看你是否能给出更多、更详细的回答，并讨论抽象或不熟悉的话题。
The examiner will take part in the conversation, so it will be more like a dialogue than a simple question-and-answer format.
考官会参与讨论，所以这更像是对话而不是简单的问答形式。
Of course, you should try to talk as much as possible, and also give long, detailed answers if you can.
当然，如果可以的话，你应该试着尽可能给出详尽的回答。
Part three lasts four or five minutes, and then that's the end of your exam.Next, let's look at the scoring system.
第三部分持续四、五分钟，然后考试结束。下一步，我们看看打分系统。
You probably know that IELTS is scored from zero to nine, where zero means you just didn't turn up for the exam, and nine means you sound like a native speaker; there's no difference.
你可能知道雅思的打分是从0到9，0分意味着你没参加考试，9分意味着你听起来像以英语为母语的人，毫无区别。
However, your speaking score is actually made of four parts.
而你的口语分数事实上由4部分组成。
The four parts are fluency and coherence, vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation.
这四部分是流利连贯、词汇、语法和发音。
For each part, assuming you open your mouth at least once during the speaking test, you get a score from one to nine.
假定你在口语考试中至少开口一次，每一部分你的得分都是从0到9.
The four scores are then averaged to make your final score for the speaking test.
口语考试的最终成绩是基于这四个成绩的平均分。
For example, if you get 5 for fluency/coherence, 6 for vocabulary, 6 for grammar, and 5 for pronunciation, then your overall score would be 5.5 ( (5+5+6+6)/4) .
例如，如果你的流利／连贯是5分，词汇6分，语法6分，发音5分，那么你的总分就是5.5 ( (5+5+6+6)/4) .
Let's look now at what the examiners are looking for and how they decide these four scores.
现在我们看看考官们考察的是什么，他们是如何给这四部分打分的。
For fluency and coherence, the examiners are looking for the following things.
对于流畅连贯性，考官考察的是如下事情。
The ability to speak fluently, without stopping to think or speaking slowly, or pausing or anything like that.
流利对话的能力，不用停下来思考或放慢语速，或暂停之类的。
The ability to give longer answers without difficulty - that means answers which are several sentences long,
毫不费力的给出详尽回答的能力，这意味着回答要包括几个更为复杂的句子，
and which are more complex; expressing your meaning clearly; answering the questions which the examiner asks, and giving relevant answers
清楚表达意思，给出相关的答案回答考官的问题，
that means answering the question in a way that shows that you've understood the question.
这意味着你能理解考官的提问并给出答案。
Finally, using connecting words and phrases to link your sentences together.
最后，用连接词和词组将你的句子连起来。
For vocabulary, they're looking for: the ability to choose words correctly
词汇方面考察的是正确选词的能力，
meaning using words in a way which shows that you understand exactly what the words mean;
意味着你完全明白这些词的意思，
using less common and idiomatic vocabulary accurately is important if you want to get a higher score, say band 7.0 and up.
正确使用不常见词汇和惯用语是很重要的，如果你想要得高分，比如7分或以上。
Finally, being able to explain words and ideas which you don't know is also important.
最后，有能力解释你不了解的词汇和想法也是很重要的。
Not knowing a word is not necessarily a problem, if you can explain it in another way.
不认识一个词不一定是问题，如果你可以用另一个方式解释它。
For grammar: using a mix of simple and complex sentence structures correctly
语法考察的是能够正确使用简单和复杂的混合句型，
so that means using shorter sentences and longer sentences, using obviously simple sentences with one part, or complex sentences with many parts.
这意味着使用长短句，显然一部分是简单句型，或其他部分是复杂句型。
Also, of course speaking accurately, without language mistakes.
当然还要说话准确，不能有语言错误。
In IELTS, they also make a difference between language mistakes which make understanding difficult, which are not so serious,
雅思考试中，他们也会对这两种语言错误区别对待。
and language mistakes which make understanding difficult, which are more serious.
一种是不严重的理解障碍，另一种是严重的理解障碍。
For pronunciation, the scoring system is also quite simple.
发音的打分方式很简单。
First and most importantly: speaking clearly - if your pronunciation is clear, or not, that's a big part of your score.
首先最重要的是发音清晰，发音清晰与否是你得分的重要部分。
They also look at how you use features of native English speech (things like weak forms, linking, intonation and so on) .
他们还会考察你如何使用英语母语讲话者的特征（如弱读、连接、语调等等）。
The more features you use, and the more accurately you use them, the higher the score you can get.
你用到的特征越多，越准确，你的得分就越高。
You can see the full mark scheme here, with detailed descriptions for each level, if you want to look at it and learn more about it.
如果你想参照并了解更多，你可以在这里看到全部的评分标准，及每个级别的详细描述。
Finally, let's do some examples to see how this might work in practice.So, first of all we have student A.
最后，让我们举例看看这些是如何应用的。所以首先我们有一个同学A
Student A has a really good knowledge of vocabulary and grammar.
A同学十分擅长词汇和语法知识。
He thinks very carefully before he speaks to make sure each sentence is accurate and perfect, with no mistakes.
他在每次说话之前都认真思考，确保每个句子都精准、完美，没有一点错。
Because of this, he speaks quite slowly, with long pauses between each sentence.
由于这个原因，他语速很慢，每句话之间都有很长的停顿。
His pronunciation is clear, but he has a heavy accent which makes him difficult to understand sometimes.
他的发音清楚，但有很重的口音，这让他有时理解困难。
So what kind of score might he get for the speaking test?
所以在口语考试中他的得分会是多少呢？
Probably, he would get around 4 for fluency and coherence, because he can't speak without pausing.
他可能在流畅连贯上得4分左右，因为他不能一口气说下去。
You can't get higher than 3 or 4 for fluency if you pause too much.
如果你停顿太多就不能在流畅上得高于3或4的分数。
His grammar and vocabulary are accurate, so he would probably get 6 or maybe 7.
他的语法和词汇精准，所以他在这方面可能得6或7分。
It would be difficult to get a higher score because his lack of fluency would prevent him from speaking a lot.
他不会得高分，因为讲话不畅会使他的表达受限。
If it takes you a long time to produce every sentence, then you won't produce so many sentences, especially because the exam's quite short,
如果每句话都要花很长时间，那么你就无法造出很多句子，特别是因为考试很短，
so that makes it hard to get higher scores in other areas if your fluency isn't good.
如果你表达不畅就很难在其他方面得高分。
For pronunciation, it's mostly clear, but not always clear; he would probably get 5.
发音大都是清楚的，但不是总是很清楚，那么他可能会得5分。
So overall, he would probably get around 5.0 or 5.5.
所以大体上，他可能会得5或5.5左右。
He might be disappointed, because he knows his grammar and vocabulary are very good.
他可能会失望，因为他知道自己语法和词汇很好。
However, without speaking fluently, it's harder to get a higher score.
然而，讲话不畅就很难得高分。
Let's do one more example. Now we have Student B.
再来看另一个例子。我们来看学生B。
She's very confident in her speaking; she can speak fluently.
她对自己的口语很自信，她可以说一口流利的英语。
Giving longer answers is no problem.
给出详尽地回答不是问题。
She makes a lot of grammar and vocabulary mistakes, but her meaning is almost always clear and easy to understand.
她有很多语法和词汇错误，但她的意思几乎总是清晰易懂。
Her pronunciation is generally clear, with a light accent.
她的发音大体清晰，有一点口音。
She makes a few mistakes, but she's very easy to understand, again.So, what score would she get?
她有一点错误，但还是能让人听得很明白。那么她得多少分？
For fluency and coherence, she would probably get 6 or 7, because she can speak fluently (and) she can give longer answers without any problems.
在流畅连贯度上，她可能得6或7分，因为她讲话流利，毫不费力地给出详尽地回答。
For vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, she probably get around 6, because although she makes mistakes, her meaning is easy to understand.
在词汇，语法和发音上，她可能得6分左右，因为尽管她有错误，但她能让人听得很明白。
So overall, she would get around 6.0.She would need to improve her grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation skills to get 7.
所以她的总体得分是6分左右。她需要提高语法、词汇和发音技巧以便得到7分。
Because although you can get 6.0 while making quite a lot of mistakes, you can't make very many mistakes if you want to get 7.0.
因为即使你犯了很多错误，但仍可以得6分，若想得7分则不能犯这些错误。
Understanding the exam and the scoring system can really help you to prepare for the test.
了解考试和打分系统可以帮你备考。
Next, I suggest you watch this lesson, if you haven't already, to get some useful advice for the speaking test.
下一步，如果没看过的话，我建议你观看此课程学习一些有用的口语考试建议。
OK, that's the end of the lesson. Thank you very much for watching.
好的，本课结束。感谢观看。
If you want to read the full text of this lesson, you can see it on our website here, but that's all for today.
如果你想阅读本课的文本，你可以在我们的网站上看到，今天就到这里。
Thanks again. I'll see you next time. Bye Bye!
再次感谢观看，下次见，再见。