Hey, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking and welcome to this lesson on five "hold" phrasal verbs.This is actually a user-requested lesson.
大家好，我是Alex，感谢点击收看本期关于“HOLD”词组的单词课。这节课实际上是应观众要求而做的。
And just a reminder: if you ever want to suggest a lesson for myself or any other engVid teacher, feel free to do so on the comment section below or look me up on Facebook.
提示一下：如果你想给我或者其他engvid老师对课程提出意见的话，欢迎在评论区评论，或者在Facebook上搜索我的名字。
You can just look up "Alex engVid."
你直接搜索“Alex Engvid”就可以了。
Now, today, we're going to look at five phrasal verbs, as I mentioned, that use the verb "hold".
今天，我们来看看五个动词词组，我提到过的，要用“Hold”。
First one is: "hold on". So let's look at the sentence: "Could you hold on for a minute?"
第一个，"hold on"，例句：“你能稍等一下吗？”
Hmm, often this phrasal verb is used in this type of question form, it's also used as an imperative.If I just say: "Whoa, whoa, hold on".
通常情况下这个动词词组会用到疑问句中，也会用到祈使句中。我就会说：“喔，喔，等一下。”
So, "hold on" basically means: wait or stop. Okay? So, generally, it means to wait.
所以，"hold on"的意思就是：等一下或者停下。明白吗？基本就是等一下的意思。
"Could you hold on for a minute? Could you slow down, or wait, or stop what you're doing?"
“你能稍微等一分钟吗？你能慢一点/等一下/停一下你正在做的东西吗？”
Okay? So, often used in imperative or in a request form.
好吗？它经常应用在祈使句或者请求结构中。
Next, we have to hold onto something or hold onto someone. So if I put "st", it's something; "so" is someone."You shouldn't hold onto anger."
接下来，我们有"hold onto something"或者"hold onto someone"，"st"代表某物，"so"代表某人。“你不应该一直愤怒。”
What do you think this means? You think of the verb "hold" and very literally, you hold onto something, it means you don't let it go. Okay?
你觉得这是什么意思？把"hold"想成书面意思，你抓住某物，意思就是你不肯放手，明白吗？
So to not let something go.So you can hold onto a person's hand or you can hold onto the railing as you're walking up the stairs somewhere.
不把某物放掉。所以你可以紧抓住一个人的手，或者你在上楼梯的时候抓住扶手。
Okay? So a very literal meaning in this one.Next, we have: "to hold something against someone".
明白吗？这个非常的书面。下一个，"to hold something against someone"。
So we have the sentence: "You're ambitious, but I don't hold it against you."
例句是：“你很有雄心，但是我忍不住想反驳你。”
Now, to hold something against someone means that you basically resent someone
拿某事反驳某人就是说因为某人的性格或者他做的事情你很讨厌他，
or you don't like someone because of something about their character or something they have done, so you feel badly towards someone because of something they did.
你感觉他们做的事情很糟糕。
So basically, to resent someone for something, for something they did or something about them.
所以，就是说因为某事讨厌某人，因为他们做的事情或者他们的某种特质。
So in this situation, I'm saying: "You're ambitious", now maybe some people think, you know, ambition can be a positive thing.
在这种情况之下，我会说：“你很有雄心”，可能有些人会觉得，雄心壮志是一个好词。
It can also be a negative thing if you're too ambitious and you want too much for yourself.
如果你太过自负，它也会变成贬义。
So if I say: "Well, you're ambitious, you know, but I don't hold it against you, I don't hate you for it. I don't resent you for being ambitious". Okay?
所以我会说：“你很有雄心，但是我不会拿它反对你，我不讨厌你。我不讨厌你很有壮志。”明白吗？
Next: "to hold something in". The sentence says: "I couldn't hold in my laughter!"
下一个："to hold something in"。例句是：“我憋不住笑了。”
So if you hold something in, this means that you don't let it out. Right?So to not let something out.
如果你把某事放在里面，就是你不能放出来，明白吗？不要让某事出来。
Now, we often to use this to talk about laughter.You can hold in your feelings.
我们说到笑的时候常用到这个。你可以隐藏住你的感觉。
Also, if you're going on a long car ride on the highway, you can hold in your bodily functions, so you can hold in your pee basically, that's what I want to say.
所以如果你要在高速路上开很长时间的车，你得憋住，我要说的是你得憋住不去上厕所。
So to not let something out, like hold it in. Okay?And, finally: "hold back". So the sentence says: "He was held back by the police."
不让某事出来，收住，明白了吗？最后一个，"hold back"，例句是：“他被警察抓住了。”
So think of held back by the police.Held back, hmm, this means to restrain a person from doing something.
所以想想被警察从后面拉住。意思就是某人因做某事被限制住了。
And you can hold yourself back from doing something. So to restrain someone. Okay?
你可以控制自己不去做某事。是去限制某人，明白吗？
So you can also restrain something, like you can restrain yourself from doing something as well.
如果你控制某事，你也可以控制你自己不去做某事。
Okay, so guys, just to review: "hold on" means to wait, most often used in imperative like: "Whoa, whoa, whoa - hold on, I don't understand".
好的，我们来复习一下，"hold on" 是等待，大多数用于祈使句中，比如：“喔，喔，喔，等一下，我不明白。”
Or: "Whoa, hold on, go back". Or to make a request: "Hey, can you hold on for one minute?"
或者：“喔，等一下，回去。”或者做出请求：“嘿，你能稍微等一下吗？”

Second, "to hold onto something or somebody", don't let it go.
第二个，"to hold onto something or somebody"，不放手。
You can hold onto a feeling, you can hold onto something physical, you can hold onto an emotion.Okay. Feeling, emotion - same thing I suppose.
你可以保持某种情绪，某种状态。好吧，feeling和emotion是一回事。
"Hold something against someone", like you are angry at a person because of something they did in the past and you can't let it go. Okay?
"Hold something against someone"，你对某人做的某事很生气而且你不能释怀。可以吗？
"Hold something in", to not let something out."I couldn't hold in my laughter the movie was so funny", or: "the joke was so funny".
"Hold something in"，不让某事出来。“电影/笑话太搞笑了我忍不住笑了。”
And "to hold back" is to restrain yourself or to restrain someone or something from doing something.
"to hold back" 是说控制你自己或者控制别人不去做某事。
So, if you want to test your understanding of these five phrasal verbs, as always, you can check out the quiz on www. engvid. com.
如果你想要检验一下自己对这五个动词词组的理解的话，你可以到www.engvid.com来做做测试题。
Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel.
别忘了订阅我的Youtube频道。
And again, if you have any suggestions for future lessons, please leave them in the comment section below.And I'll see you guys next time. Bye.
如果对接下来的课程有问题的话，请在下方评论区留言。下次见啦，再见。