Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid, and this is a lesson for English learners of all levels.
嗨，我是 engVid 的 Rebecca，这一节课是为各个水平的英语学习者准备的。
So whether you're a beginner, intermediate, advanced, or somewhere in between, this lesson I believe will help you.Why?
所以无论你是初学者、中等水平的、高水平的还是介于这之间，我相信这节课都会对你有所帮助。为什么？
Because in this lesson I'm going to review the verb "to have" in the past tense.
因为这节课上，我要复习一下 "to have" 这个动词在过去时中的用法
Now, as you probably know because you've been speaking English, the verb "to have" is a very important verb for two reasons.
因为你一直在说英语，所以你可能知道 "to have" 是个非常重要的动词，原因有二。
First of all, we use it by itself for lots and lots of things.
首先，很多很多地方都可以单独使用这个动词。
And secondly, because we also use it not only by itself, but as a helping verb with some of the advanced tenses, right?
第二，我们不单独用它，而是把它作为助动词，用在一些高级时态中，对吧？
With the perfect tenses.But we're not going to go into that.
用在完成时中。但是我们今天不会讲到那儿。

We're just focusing here on how to use the verb "to have" in the past tense, because this is also something where a lot of students make mistakes, but not you after just a few minutes.
我们在这里只讲 "to have" 这个动词在过去时的用法，因为这也是很多学生会出错的地方，但是几分钟后，你就不会出错了。
So, let's get started.Okay, so, what is important here is that actually in English the past tense becomes very easy, and a lot easier than many other languages.
那么，我们开始吧。好了，那么重要的一点是，实际上在英语中，过去时变得非常简单，比很多其他语言中的简单多了。
Why?Because with whatever subject we have, you have to use only one verb.
为什么？因为无论我们用的是哪个主语，你只需要用一个动词。
You don't have to change the verb based on the subject.
不用根据主语变换动词。
So, in the past tense...remember this is not the present tense, in the past tense the verb "to have" becomes "had", okay?
那么，在过去时中......记住这不是现在时，在过去时中，动词 "to have" 要变成 "had"，知道了吗？
Say it after me: "had", good.So in other words, I'm going to give you a very simple sentence, okay?
跟我读："had"，很好。换句话说，我会给你一个很简单的句子。
Because we're going to say it very often, so let's keep it simple.
因为我们会很频繁地说到它，所以我们弄个简单点的。
Always keep it simple when you're trying to learn one point; don't mix it up with lots of other points.Don't put hard vocabulary, okay?
当你想要学习一个知识点的时候，一定要把它弄得简单点，不要和很多其他的知识点混起来。不要用很难的词汇，知道了吗？
So: "I had fun.", "You had fun.", "We had fun.", "They had fun.", "He had fun.", "She had fun.", and "It (the cat/the dog) had fun."
所以我们的例句是：“我玩得很开心。”，“你玩得很开心。”，“我们玩得很开心。”，“他们玩得很开心。”，“他玩得很开心。”，“她玩得很开心。”，还有“它（小猫啊小狗啊）玩得很开心。”
Okay? All right.Now, so you see how simple it is?
听懂了吗？好的。看到有多简单了吧？
What you have to learn is that the verb "have" in a positive sentence becomes "had".
你必须要知道的是，动词 "have" 在肯定句中要变成 "had"。
And we can use "had" with every subject, all right?Now, what happens when we make it negative?
所有主语后面都可以用 "had"，知道了吗？那么否定句要怎么弄呢？
This is where some students get a little bit confused because they remember this, and then they try to put this here, but that's not the case.
这是一些学生会有点弄混的地方，因为他们记住了这个形式，然后他们会把它放在这里，但不是这样的。
What happens when we make a negative sentence and when we make a question is that we come back to the base form of the verb.
当我们要作否定句和疑问句时，我们要回到这个动词的基本形式。
What's the base form of our verb?"To have", right?
我们的动词的基本形式是什么？"to have"，对吧？
So if you want to make a negative sentence, then we simply say: "I didn't have fun.", "You didn't have fun.", "We didn't have fun.", "They didn't have fun."
所以如果你想作一个否定句，那我们只要说：“我玩得不开心。”，“你玩得不开心。”，“我们玩得不开心。”，“他们玩得不开心。”
You see, it's basically staying the same, but we're using "have".We're not using "had" anymore, okay?
你看，这基本上是一样的，不过我们用的是 "have"。我们用的不再是 "had" 了，知道了吗？
"He didn't have fun.", "She didn't have fun.", "It didn't have fun."
“他玩得不开心。”，“她玩得不开心。”，“它玩得不开心。”
Okay? We'll just pretend there's an it.So what's important is this "have", all right?
知道了吗？我们假装有个“它”。重要的是这个 "have"，知道了吗？
Come back to the base form of the verb, but not here.
回到动词的基本形式，但这里不是这样。
Now, the same thing will happen when we have a question.
问句也是一样的。
We're going to come back to the base form of our verb.
我们要回到动词的基本形式。
So it's quite simple then."Did I have fun?"I don't know, I think so.
那么就相当简单了。“我玩得开心吗？”我不知道，挺开心的吧。
"Did you have fun?", "Did we have fun?", "Did they have fun?", "Did he have fun?", "Did she have fun?", "Did it have fun?"
“你玩得开心吗？”，“我们玩得开心吗？”，“他们玩得开心吗？”，“他玩得开心吗？”，“她玩得开心吗？”，“它玩得开心吗？”
Okay? All right.Now, that's basically it.It's not more complicated than that.
懂了吗？好的。基本上就是那样。不会比那更复杂的。
Remember that in the positive sentences we use "had", and after that come back to the base form, but use "did" or "didn't".
记住，在肯定句中我们用的是 "had"，除那以外我们要回到基本形式，不过要用 "did" 或 "didn't"。
Now, just to review, this "didn't have" stands for "did not", okay?
复习一下，这个 "didn't have" 代表的是 "did not"，知道了吗？
But usually in conversation we don't say: "He did not have fun."
但是通常在对话中我们说“他玩得不开心”时不会用 "did not"。
We just say: "He didn't have fun."That's the contraction, the short form.
我们只用 "didn't have"。那是缩略形式，简短的形式。
And here we can use the word "did" and that's what we usually use, and it's important to use it.
这里我们可以用 "did"，我们通常用的都是那个单词，而且一定要用。
You can't just say: "You have fun?"That would be wrong.
你不能直接说 "You have fun？"。那是错误的。
Okay? So remember to put "did" in there.You could also, by the way, ask a negative question.
知道了吗？所以要记住加上 "did"。顺便说一下，你也可以作一个否定疑问句。
So you could say: "Didn't you have fun? I thought you would love that movie." Okay?
所以你可以说：“你玩得不开心吗？我以为你会喜欢那部电影呢。”
So you could ask a negative question.But if that's confusing to you, don't worry about it, okay?You don't have to do it.
所以你是可以作一个否定疑问句的。但是如果你觉得很难懂，那就别管它了，好吗？你不是非得用那种句式的。
And the other thing to remember is that when we add a question word, we still keep this order.
要记住的另一点是，当我们加入了疑问词时，我们还是要保持那个顺序。
What do I mean?For example: "When did they...?"Okay? "When did they have the meeting?"Okay? "Where did they have the meeting?"
什么意思？举个例子：“他们什么时候......？”“他们什么时候开的会？”“他们在哪里开的会？”
Right? So whether it's saying: "When? Where? Who did they meet?"-right? -we're still keeping this construction.
所以无论疑问词是 "when"，"where" 还是 "who"，我们都还是要保持这个结构。
We're just adding a question word before that.
我们只是要在那前面加上一个疑问词。
Okay, now what you do to make sure that you know it is that you run through this really slowly to make sure that you can do it, so that's what we will do together.
好了，现在为了确保你弄懂了这些内容，你要很慢很慢地浏览一遍这些内容，以确保你会了，所以那就是我们要一起来做的事情。
First we'll make a positive sentence, which you know is easy because no matter what the subject is, you're going to say "had".
首先我们要作一个肯定句，你知道这很简单，因为无论主语是什么，你都要用 "had"。
Then we'll make it negative, and then we'll make a question out of it, okay?
然后我们把它变成否定句，接着把它变成问句。
And practice it with me so that then you can do it by yourself.
跟我一起练习，这样以后你就能自己做了。
All right, number one: "George had a lot of friends."
好了，第一个：“ George 曾有很多朋友。”
Right? In the past, we're using the past."George had a lot of friends."
对吧？过去时，我们用的是过去时。“ George 曾有很多朋友。”
Make it negative: "George didn't have"-good-"a lot of friends".
变成否定句：“ George 没有很多朋友。”
Make it a question: "Did George have a lot of friends?"
变成问句：“ George 曾有很多朋友吗？”
"Did George have a lot of friends?"Now, George, of course, is like "he", okay?
“ George 曾有很多朋友吗？”当然了，George 和 "he" 是一样的。
Next: "My family and I"-in the past- "had a great holiday.", okay?
下一个：“我的家人和我度过了一次很棒的假期。”，过去时。
Make it negative: "My family and I didn't have a great holiday."
变成否定句：“我的家人和我没有度过一次很棒的假期。”
"Did my family and I have a great holiday?"
“我的家人和我有没有度过一次很棒的假期？”
I don't know, it's hard to say, okay?"Did we have...?"Good.
我不知道，很难说。疑问句的形式是 "Did we have......？"。很好。
The next one: "The bookstore had a big sale."
下一个：“书店进行了大减价。”
Negative: "The bookstore didn't have a big sale."
否定句：“书店没有进行大减价。”
Question: "Did the bookstore have a big sale?" Okay?
疑问句：“书店进行了大减价吗？”
Positive, negative, question.
肯定句、否定句、疑问句。
You should be able to move smoothly through it.
你应该要能够顺畅地进行转换。
All right? That's why we're doing it.
好吗？这就是我们现在这么做的原因。
Number four: "Mrs. Williams had a party.", "Mrs. Williams didn't have a party."
第四个：“ Williams 太太开了个派对。”，“ Williams 太太没有开派对。”
Good, I heard you.Negat...question: "Did Mrs. Williams have a party?"Good.
很好，我听到你说的了。疑问句：“ Williams 太太开了派对吗？”很好。
Five: "His students had many exams."
第五个：“他的学生考了很多场试。”
Negative: "His students didn't have many exams."Good.
否定句：“他的学生没有考很多场试。”很好。
And questions...question: "Did his students have many exams?"Good, you're getting it.
疑问句：“他的学生考了很多场试吗？”很好，你弄懂了。
And the last one here: "The hotel had a business centre."
最后一个：“酒店有一个商务中心。”
"The hotel"-negative- "didn't have a business centre".
否定句：“酒店没有商务中心。”
Question: "Did the hotel have a business centre?"Okay? Very good.Really, really good.
疑问句：“酒店有商务中心吗？”懂了吗？非常好。非常非常好。
So now, this is what you can do to really master the verb "to have" in the past tense.
那么，下面是你能够真正掌握动词 "to have" 的过去时用法的方法。
First, go to our website at www. engvid. com, and there, you can do a quiz on this subject, okay?
第一，登陆我们的网站 www. engvid. com，你可以在那儿做一个这节课的小测验。
Second, make it your own.What does that mean?These are my examples, all right?
第二，把它变成你自己的。那是什么意思？这些都是我的例句，知道吗？
Here and in the quiz, I wrote those examples.
这里的和小测验里的那些例句都是我写的。
But the best way for you to remember it is to actually come up with your own examples about your life, okay?
但是你要记住这个内容最好的办法就是想出关于你自己生活的例句。
And when you're coming up with those examples, try to keep these rules in mind.
你在想那些例句时，尽量记住这些规则。
Come up with a simple sentence first, especially if you're a beginner or intermediate.
首先想个简单的句子，尤其是如果你是初学者或中等水平的话。
You want to keep the focus on these verbs and not on lots of extra vocabulary.
你要把焦点放在这些动词上，而不是很多额外的词汇上。
If you're more advanced, then you can add on extra vocabulary as well, and that's good practice.
如果你水平较高，那你也可以加上额外的词汇，那是个不错的练习机会。
But otherwise keep it simple, use all three forms, right?This, the positive, the negative, and the question.
但如果你不是，那就简单点，三种形式都要用上，知道了吗？肯定句、否定句和疑问句都要用上。
And also, again, control the vocabulary, okay?Don't get confused by the vocabulary.
还有，控制你使用的词汇。不要被词汇难倒了。
Make it more advanced as you progress with your English.
随着你的英语水平不断进步，你可以把句子造得更高级些。
But keep this strong, because this verb "to have" is going to give you a very strong basis for...
但是要加强这一点，因为动词 "to have" 会给你打下一个非常坚实的基础，
remember, for the basic sentences where we're using "had", and also for those advanced tenses, the perfect tenses which you need later on.
为使用 "had" 的基础句子打下基础，还会为你以后需要使用的那些比较高级的时态，完成时打下基础。
Okay? So mastering this is a really important step.
知道了吗？所以掌握这个内容是非常重要的一步。
So when you're making your own examples, you could say something like: "I had a good time"-okay? -"at the party last night".
你自己想例句的时候，可以说像 “我在昨晚的派对上玩得很开心。”这样的内容。
Or: "I had an iPhone, now I have an Android."
或者“我曾经用的是 iPhone，现在用的是 Android。”
Or: "I had a desktop, now I have a laptop."
或者“我曾经用的是台式机，现在用的是笔记本电脑。”
Okay? I don't know, whatever is about your life.
知道了吗？任何你生活中的事例都可以用。
Okay? Make some examples that talk about you and what you had, and what you didn't have, and what you...and then make it a question, okay?Keep playing with it, play with it.
想些例句介绍你，介绍你有过的东西，没有的东西，和你......然后把它变成疑问句，知道了吗？多练一练，练习一下。
The more you play with it, the more fun you'll have; and the more fun you have, the better you'll remember, and then the happier you'll be and the better your English will get, okay?
你练习得越多，你就会得到越多乐趣；你得到的乐趣越多，你记得就越牢，然后你就会更开心，你的英语就会变得更好。
Thanks very much for watching, and don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel to keep on improving your English.
非常感谢观看，不要忘记订阅我的 YouTube 频道，继续提高你的英语。
Bye for now.Good luck with your English, bye.
再见啦。祝你在英语上有好运，拜。