(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Important foods like grains and cooking oil again are growing more costly in many places around the world.
在世界各地的许多地方，谷物和食用油等重要食品的价格再次上涨。
Observers say that is because countries have put export restrictions in place to protect food supplies at home.
观察人士表示，这是因为各国已经实施了出口限制措施，以保护本国的粮食供应。
They also blame the price rise on weather conditions and the Ukraine war.
他们还将食品价格上涨归咎于天气状况和乌克兰战争。
Caroline Kyalo is a 28-year-old who works at a hair salon in Kenya's capital Nairobi.
28岁的卡洛琳·卡洛在肯尼亚首都内罗毕的一家美发沙龙工作。
She experienced the rising cost of food while planning meals for her two children.
她在为两个孩子计划饭菜时经历了食品价格的上涨。
The price of onions has risen by 200 percent since neighboring Tanzania restricted agricultural exports.
自从邻国坦桑尼亚限制农产品出口以来，洋葱的价格上涨了200%。
Kyalo tried a different kind of onion but those became too costly as well.
卡洛尝试了一种不同的洋葱，但那种洋葱也太贵了。
Cooking oil and corn flour prices are increasing also.
食用油和玉米粉的价格也在上涨。
So, she said, "I just decided to be cooking once a day."
于是，她说：“我决定一天只做一次饭。”
East Africa has fertile land and a large workforce.
东非拥有肥沃的土地和大量的劳动力。
But the high cost of growing and transporting crops and a lack of rain have resulted in decreased local production.
但种植和运输农作物的高成本以及缺少雨水导致了当地产量的下降。
In the case of onions, the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization found that, in 2014, Kenya was getting half of its onions from Tanzania.
以洋葱为例，联合国粮食及农业组织发现，2014年，肯尼亚一半的洋葱来自坦桑尼亚。
Some traders have tried to get supplies from Ethiopia.
一些贸易商试图从埃塞俄比亚获得供应。
Others have stopped selling onions altogether.
另一些贸易商则完全停止销售洋葱。
But Timothy Kinyua, who says prices have reached their highest level in seven years, promised he would sell the crop.
但蒂莫西·金尤亚承诺会出售洋葱，他说，洋葱价格已经达到了七年来的最高水平。
"It's something we can't cook without," he said.
他说：“这是我们烹饪不可缺少的东西”。
Joseph Glauber is with the International Food Policy Research Institute in Washington.
约瑟夫·格劳伯就职于华盛顿国际粮食政策研究所。
He said Tanzania's onion limits this year are one example of the spread of food restrictions.
他说，坦桑尼亚今年采取的洋葱限制措施是食品限制措施范围扩大的一个例子。
He called it a "contagion," or something that spreads like an infectious disease.
他称之为“蔓延”，即像传染病一样传播的东西。
His organization says that 19 countries have put 41 food export restrictions in place.
该组织表示，已有19个国家实施了41项食品出口限制措施。
The restrictions include bans or taxes.
这些限制措施包括禁令或税收。
India banned the export of some rice earlier this year cutting one fifth of the world's export market.
印度今年早些时候禁止出口部分大米，削减了世界出口市场的五分之一。
Myanmar answered with its own export bans.
作为回应，缅甸出台了出口禁令。
India has also restricted onion exports.
印度也限制了洋葱出口。
The action sent prices climbing in Bangladesh.
这一行动导致孟加拉国物价攀升。
Dry weather in Spain has hurt its olive crop causing European buyers to look to Turkey.
西班牙的干燥天气损害了该国的橄榄产量，导致欧洲买家将目光投向土耳其。
But rising prices there led to export limits.
但那里不断上涨的价格导致了出口限制。
Morocco, which suffered a deadly earthquake recently, has also stopped exports of crops including onions, potatoes and tomatoes.
最近遭受致命地震的摩洛哥也停止了洋葱、土豆和番茄等农作物的出口。
Over a period of years, food prices change sharply.
在一段时间里，食品价格会发生剧烈变化。
In 2007 and 2008, rice and wheat prices doubled.
2007年和2008年，大米和小麦的价格翻了一番。
Glauber, who also is a former economist from the Department of Agriculture, said changes are likely to continue.
格劳伯也曾是农业部的经济学家，他说，这种变化可能会继续下去。
"I think increased volatility is certainly the new normal," he said.
他说：“我认为波动性上涨肯定是新常态”。
For example, both Russia and Ukraine are major suppliers of wheat, barley, sunflower oil and several other foods important to developing nations.
例如，俄罗斯和乌克兰都是小麦、大麦、葵花籽油和其他几种对发展中国家很重要的食品的主要供应国。
The conflict between them interferes with production by both.
它们之间的冲突干扰了双方的生产。
Changes in weather are also affecting agriculture, observers say.
观察人士表示，天气变化也在影响农业。
El Nino is a periodic warm current in the southern Pacific Ocean.
厄尔尼诺现象是南太平洋的一种周期性暖流。
It is linked to changes in weather in several places around the world.
它与世界上一些地方的天气变化有关。
Some scientists say climate change could make the El Nino current more severe affecting weather everywhere.
一些科学家表示，气候变化可能会使厄尔尼诺现象更加严重，进而影响世界各地的天气。
For example, a lack of rain in India means export restrictions there might not end with the new rice harvest in October.
例如，印度缺雨意味着该国的出口限制措施可能不会随着10月份新的大米收成而结束。
Most at risk from weather changes are nations that depend heavily on imported food.
受天气变化影响最大的是那些严重依赖进口食品的国家。
The World Banks, for example, notes that the Philippines imports 14 percent of its food.
例如，世界银行指出，菲律宾14%的食品依赖进口。
However, recent storms could mean further crop deficits.
然而，最近的风暴可能意味着进一步的作物歉收。
Rice prices there increased 8.7 percent in August.
那里的大米价格在8月份上涨了8.7%。
That is double the increase from the month before.
这是前一个月增幅的两倍。
Since prices increased, Philippine food store owners say they are losing money.
自食品价格上涨以来，菲律宾食品店老板表示，他们正在亏损。
Thirty-two-year-old Charina Em owns a store in the Trabajo market in Manila.
32岁的Charina Em在马尼拉的Trabajo市场拥有一家商店。
"We cannot save money anymore. It is like we just work so that we can have food daily," she said.
她说：“我们无法再存钱了。就好像我们工作就是为了每天都有食物吃”。
Cynthia Esguerra is 66 years old and has several diseases.
辛西娅·埃斯格拉现年66岁，患有多种疾病。
She said she has had to choose between medicines and food.
她说，她不得不在药物和食物之间做出选择。
"I just don't worry about my sickness. I leave it up to God. I don't buy medicines anymore, I just put it there to buy food, or loans," she said.
她说：“我不担心我的病。我把它交给上帝。我不再买药了，我把买药的钱用来买食物或者贷款”。
I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.
小马里奥·里特为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
