(单词翻译:单击)
In July 1956, the president of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser surprised the world when he announced that he was nationalizing the Suez Canal buying it out from British and French owners.
1956年7月，埃及总统贾迈勒·阿卜杜尔·纳赛尔宣布将苏伊士运河国有化，从英国和法国的所有者手中买下运河，震惊了全世界。
NASA hoped to use the revenue from the canal to finance the Aswan High Dam, which would end the annual flooding of the Nile and allow for infrastructure improvements that would help the Egyptian economy.
美国国家航空航天局希望利用运河的收入来资助阿斯旺高坝，这将结束尼罗河每年的洪水，并允许基础设施的改善，这将有助于提高埃及经济。
Great Britain, oh, is already not coping well with the sudden and rapid loss of its empire and the loss of the canal seemed to be another hit to their prestige.
大不列颠已经不能很好地应对帝国的迅速瓦解，失去运河似乎是对他们声望的又一次打击。
Anthony Eden, now the prime minister, saw NASA as threatening not just the established order but the economic security of all of Europe,
英国当时首相安东尼·伊登认为美国宇航局不仅威胁着现有的秩序，而且威胁着整个欧洲的经济安全，
since the Suez Canal was the transit point for most of the oil trade.
因为苏伊士运河是大部分石油贸易的中转站。
Eden brought together the governments of France, who believed NASA was providing arms to Algerian rebels in North Africa,
伊登将法国政府与以色列政府召集在一起，法国政府认为美国宇航局向北非的阿尔及利亚叛军提供武器，
and Israel who saw Egypt as an existential threat that needed to be checked,
以色列认为埃及是一个存在的威胁，需要加以遏制，
and together the three nations agreed to a secret plan.
于是这三个国家就一项秘密计划达成了一致。
Israel would invade Egyptian territory advancing across the Sinai desert after the Egyptian military responded the British and French.
在埃及军队对英法作出回应后，以色列将越过西奈沙漠入侵埃及领土。
Acting as peacemakers, he would call for a ceasefire and demand that Egypt allow Anglo-French troops to occupy the Suez Canal Zone under the pretext of keeping it open for international traffic.
作为和平缔发者，他将呼吁停火，并要求埃及允许英法军队以保持苏伊士运河对国际交通开放为借口占领苏伊士运河区。
Oh, well, NASA naturally refused.
哦，好吧，美国宇航局自然拒绝。
The British and French would invade and take the canal by force, hopefully, causing the Egyptian people to turn on NASA and removing from power.
英国和法国会入侵并武力占领运河，希望能让埃及人民把矛头指向美国宇航局，让他们下台。
The conflict began on October, 29th, and almost immediately things started going wrong.
这场冲突于10月29日开始，事情几乎立刻就开始变遭。
Far from keeping the canal open, the Anglo-French forces were unable to prevent the Egyptians from sinking derelict ships filled with concrete into it, making it impossible to shipping, making things worse.
英法联军非但不能保持运河畅通，反而无法阻止埃及人将装满混凝土的废弃船只沉到运河里，使运河无法运输，使事情变得更糟。
Egypt's allies declared an oil embargo and Syrian engineers sabotaged a British pipeline between Iraq and Lebanon, leaving the warring nations star for oil.
埃及的盟友宣布石油禁运，叙利亚工程师破坏了英国在伊拉克和黎巴嫩之间的输油管道，使这个交战国家成为石油之星。
If they were hoping to get help from their chief ally, the United States, they were sorely disappointed President Dwight Eisenhowe,
如果他们希望从他们的主要盟友美国那里得到帮助，他们会对德怀特·艾森豪威尔总统感到非常失望，
who was outraged by the events, angry that his allies had gone behind his back and launched a war of aggression that risked Soviet intervention and the possibility of a third world war.
他对这些事件感到愤怒，对他的盟友背着他发动了一场侵略战争感到愤怒，这有可能导致苏联的干预和第三次世界大战。
This time with nuclear weapons.
这次用的是核武器。
He famously said that the combatants could "boil in their own oil".
他曾说过一句著名的话:参战人员可以“自食其力”。
This was the first major test for the United Nations since Hammarskjold had assumed leadership of it and the secretary-general responded assuming a leading role in managing the crisis.
这是哈马舍尔德担任联合国领导职务以来联合国面临的第一次重大考验，秘书长在处理危机方面发挥了领导作用。
The general assembly called on him to enact their resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire on all sides.
联合国大会要求他颁布决议，呼吁各方立即停火。
To enforce it, Hammarskjold on the advice of Lester "Mike "Pearson, future Canadian prime minister, oversaw the creation of the United Nations Emergency Force.
为了执行该条约，哈马舍尔德在未来的加拿大总理莱斯特·“迈克”·皮尔森的建议下，监督创建了联合国紧急部队。
Troops under the banner of the UN who weren't there to fight a war but to keep the warring nations apart.
这些部队打着联合国的旗号，他们不是来打仗的，而是用来隔离交战国家的。
This was an entirely new idea.
这是一个全新的想法。
One that would prove revolutionary in the decades to follow.
在接下来的几十年里被证明是革命性的。
To distinguish the peacekeepers from the combatant troops, the idea was concede for them to wear blue helmets, but those who would take time to make.
为了将维和人员与战斗部队区分开来，他们的想法是让他们戴上蓝盔，但这些头盔需要时间来制作。
Instead, the 6,000 troops from seven countries that would come to make up the UNEF would dunk their helmets in blue paint, creating a distinctive look that continues to this day.
相反，来自7个国家的6000名士兵组成了联合国紧急部队，他们将头盔浸泡在蓝色油漆中，创造出一种延续至今的独特外观。
The peacekeepers gradually replaced the British and French troops in the Canal Zone, sending them home,
维和部队逐渐取代了运河区的英国和法国军队，将他们送回家，
while the UNEF works to clear the obstacles from the canal and keep the enemy combat separated.
而联合国紧急部队则致力于清除运河上的障碍，使敌人开不了战。
Meanwhile UN diplomats went to work, eventually, convincing the Israelis to retreat behind their ceasefire line in March, 1957.
与此同时，联合国外交官们开始工作，最终在1957年3月说服以色列人撤退到他们的停火线后面。
Israel achieved one of their primary war aims, however, when Egypt agreed to end the blockade of the Gulf of Aqaba, which opened the Red Sea to Israeli shipping.
然而，当埃及同意结束对亚喀巴湾的封锁时，以色列实现了他们的主要战争目标之一，亚喀巴湾向以色列航运开放了红海。
It was the only success any of the triumph achieved before that was particularly bad in Britain where Eden resigned in disgrace.
这是他在英国取得的胜利中唯一的成功，在那之前，伊登在英国耻辱地辞职了。
NASA meanwhile was seen as a hero in the Middle East.
与此同时，美国宇航局被视为中东地区的英雄。
An Arab champion who had stood up to the old colonial powers and won, he would lead Egypt until he died in 1970.
他是阿拉伯世界的冠军，曾与旧的殖民列强对抗并取得胜利，他将领导埃及直到1970年去世。
Perhaps the biggest winner of the Suez Crisis was the United Nations and Dag Hammarskjold.
也许苏伊士危机的最大赢家是联合国和达格·哈马舍尔德。
He proved that the international body would be able to successfully mediate in a crisis to prevent a small regional conflict from becoming a major war.
他证明了国际机构能够成功地调解危机，防止一场小型地区冲突演变成一场大规模战争。
For the emerging nations that were appearing in the wake of decolonization, they saw the UN as a friend, an organization capable of doing them justice.
对于在非殖民化之后出现的新兴国家来说，他们视联合国为朋友，一个能够公正对待他们的组织。
This belief would be sorely tested in the years to come.
这一信念在未来几年将受到严峻的考验。
