人类历史上最著名的海盗亨利·摩根(4)
日期:2021-11-12 10:28

(单词翻译:单击)

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Clearly with almost half his crew dead.

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显然他一半的船员都丧生了gE;_#]1j;TDZ

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Morgan needed to reassess the situation.

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摩根需要重新评估局势]MZrXZW)0fLS9o

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Initially, he wanted to attack Cartagena de Indias, one of the biggest port cities on the Spanish main, located today in Colombia.

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他最初想攻击卡塔赫纳到印度的卡塔赫纳,这是西班牙主岛上最大的港口城市之一,今天位于哥伦比亚+;N0BL3lD3EAW,

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But now that was off the table.

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但现在这是不可能的8[#&hGM-wVa;

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Instead, he decided to repeat the rating route that French pirate Francois Iolonnais did two years earlier in lake Maracaibo, a tidal bay in modern-day Venezuela.

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他决定重复两年前法国海盗弗朗索瓦·多利尼在马拉开波湖所做的评级路线,马拉开波湖是当今委内瑞拉的一个潮汐海湾jm!ckvmW|o;zq

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This involved two main targets the city of Maracaibo itself and the town of Gibraltar.

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这涉及两个主要目标马拉开波市本身和直布罗陀小镇[3B80r[=JxIE#jO

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Not to be confused with Gibraltar in the Iberian peninsula.

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不要与伊比利亚半岛的直布罗陀混淆N(4u1n~m1WK;c]z3+[

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First came Maracaibo which did not prove to be difficult, since it had been mostly abandoned.

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首先是马拉开波,事实证明它并不困难,因为它几乎已经被遗弃了3i.,@wGng~_

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The privateers spent a few weeks in the city time, during which they took everything of value that was left behind.

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海盗们在城里呆了几个星期,在此期间,他们带走了遗留下来的一切有价值的东西u~2Z~pF4phOmuFWwyNFB

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They also scoured the nearby jungles.

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他们还搜索了附近的丛林FAO_;_0Y%79K9*rxtuW

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Knowing that some of the locals would not have traveled very far,

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知道一些当地人不会走很远,

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they were then brought back to Maracaibo where they were tortured to reveal the locations where they hid their valuables.

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他们随后被带回马拉开波,在那里他们受到酷刑,透露了他们藏匿贵重物品的地点..=EWr+q*vct&!l#

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Afterwards Morgan sailed across lake Maracaibo to Gibraltar where he encountered heavier resistance,

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之后,摩根横渡马拉开波湖前往直布罗陀,在那里他遇到了更严重的抵抗,

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but nothing that posed a serious threat.

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但没有造成严重威胁uIDBQ4JEv;*ZUyZUu

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He spent a few more weeks there.

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他在那里又呆了几个星期wVdWJI(_uQee

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But when he wanted to leave, he discovered that he had been trapped, three Spanish warships under the command of Don Alonzo del Campo y Esopinosa waited for him at the mouth of the lake.

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但当他想离开时,他发现自己被困住了,三艘西班牙战舰在Don Alonzo del Campo y Esopinosa的指挥下在湖口等着他JW@1t&K(hHW;h

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There was no getting around them without a fight.

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不打一架是绕不过去的W_F|og02ZS[

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But what Morgan did next cemented his place.

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但摩根接下来的所作所为巩固了他的地位3G&g^v+OwmB|bTE*Q

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In nautical history, the Spanish captain actually sent him a letter offering him clemency, provided that he give up all of his plunder.

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在航海史上,西班牙船长实际上给他写了一封信,表示如果他放弃所有掠夺,就会赦免他,tODq+UA-A9%9bq=s

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And prisoners Morgan brought this option to his men who immediately turned it down, preferring to fight and die then give up their booty.

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囚犯摩根把这个选择带给了他的手下,他们立即拒绝了,宁愿战斗和死亡,也不愿交出战利品rm!XJiUU]fH

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But Morgan had a better idea using subterfuge to defeat his enemy, he sacrificed one of his vessels and turned it into a fire ship.

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但是摩根有一个更好的主意,他用诡计击败了他的敌人,他牺牲了他的一艘船,把它变成了一艘消防船]G_G.jzUTta@ej-

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A ship stuffed with explosives that was deliberately steered into the enemy formation and abandoned by its crew.

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一艘装满炸药的船,被故意驶入敌人的编队,并被船员抛弃emRFIyj8Q+@I9p7

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He also filled the deck of the ship with giant wooden logs, which were dressed in coats and hats to disguise them as a regular crew.

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他还在甲板上放满了巨大的圆木,这些圆木穿着大衣,戴着帽子,伪装成普通船员^.G^i=F_pP

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The plan worked on April, 30th, 1669.

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该计划在1669年4月30日生效E)P,4_QJB5@JUVri#

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The pirates launched their attack.

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后来,海盗发动了袭击p#DpqoHm%AMAb7p!6

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The Spanish did not spot the deception until it was too late,

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西班牙人直到发现这一骗局时已经为时已晚,

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and the fire ship plowed straight into Espinosa's flagship, the Magdalena, which was destroyed but that was not the end.

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消防船直接撞上了埃斯皮诺萨的主要旗舰马格达莱纳号,这艘船被摧毁了,但这还不是结束TV_aZUUAv2TfT

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As one of the remaining, two warships was run aground in the chaos,

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作为剩下的一艘,两艘军舰在混乱中搁浅,

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while the other one was taken over by the buccaneers and added to Morgan's fleet,

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而另一艘则被海盗接管,并加入了摩根的舰队,

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and so Henry Morgan sailed out of lake Maracaibo and into legend as one of the most daring pirates in history.

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因此亨利·摩根驶离马拉开波湖,成为历史上最大胆的海盗之一,成为传奇人物.copB&MlmeVxk2fqu(2m

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Understandably, the Spanish were none too pleased with Morgan's actions so under orders from queen regent Maria Anna.

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可以理解的是,西班牙人对摩根在摄政王玛丽亚·安娜的命令下采取的行动并不太满意~|ThsU[Iu)HGd*;.AjmO

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Their privateers wrapped up their raids on English merchant ships in the region.

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他们的私掠船结束了该地区对英国商船的袭击

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In response, Modyford commissioned Morgan to commit his most ambitious attack.

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作为回应,莫迪福德委托摩根实施他最雄心勃勃的袭击U)|)fqXhMW,Jvf_76AB=

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Yet, an assault on the city of Panama, one of the main settlements on the Spanish mainland.

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而对巴拿马城的袭击,这是西班牙大陆上的主要定居点之一 ;9^=9leu[05~6+=wQd.t

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This was a multi-part plan, since Panama wasn't the kind of place they could just stroll into.

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这是一个多部分的计划,因为巴拿马不是那种他们可以随意进入的地方IZqA&w]nr)k

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First, Morgan retook the island of santa catalina from the Spanish.

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首先,摩根从西班牙人手中夺回了圣卡塔琳娜岛VgI|u_*D|NJ)J|

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He used it as a headquarters where he gathered men and supplies,

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他把这里作为集结兵力和物资的大本营,

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and discussed the details of his scheme with his captains.

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并和他的船长们讨论了计划的细节W=[*DPe-BK^Z]U1

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Estimates of the size of his army are all over the place,

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关于他的军队规模的估计到处都是,

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but most agree that it was around 1800 to 2 000 men.

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但大多数人认为大约在1800到2000人之间vg)sK!g5Y%OOt

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From santa catalina, the pirates left for Panama, approaching by sailing up the Chagres river.

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海盗们从圣塔卡塔琳娜出发前往巴拿马,沿着查格雷斯河逆流而上b7F2-.Q0-9TZ*LA(

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This also meant capturing Fort San Lorenzo which overlooked the mouth of the river.

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这也意味着占领俯瞰河口的圣洛伦索堡

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Since Morgan did not want to be trapped again when it was time to leave.

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因为摩根不想在离开的时候再被困住

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This was easier said than done there was the fort at a garrison of over 300 men and 20 cannons.

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说起来容易做起来难,因为这个要塞有300多人和20门大炮 &5#fOLwTpgn-K(6Qt7Lt

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Morgan lost around 100 men in the fight and 17 more were wounded,

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摩根在战斗中损失了大约100人还有17人受伤

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but the tide turned in his favor when a musket shot caused the powder magazine to blow up.

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但是,当一声火枪的射击导致火药库爆炸时,形势对他有利Un&u4U=EI)rMSHhj+]

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once the port was under his command, Morgan left around 500 men behind and took the remaining 1 200 through the Panamanian jungle.

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一旦港口被他控制,摩根留下了大约500人带着剩下的1200人穿过巴拿马丛林afDU4IrxP_~tN4g;

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