(单词翻译:单击)
Hi, my name is Tony and this is Every Frame a Painting.
嗨，我是托尼，这里是电影艺术评价。
Here's a weird question.
我有个奇怪的问题。
Have you ever watched a scene and thought...
你有没有看过一个电影情节，然后觉得……
That's a great chair.
里面有把椅子不错。
I don't mean the chair would be great to own, though that would be nice.
我不是说能拥有这把椅子不错——虽然那确实挺好的。
Just that somebody took the time to find the exact right chair for the story.
而是有人花时间为这个故事找了一把恰到好处的椅子。
And that attention to detail has paid off in some way.
这种对细节的关注在某种程度上得到了回报。
"There are five different types of chairs in this hotel room."
“这间酒店房间里有五种不同类型的椅子。”
"Holy fuck, what're they all doing here."
“他妈的，为什么要这么多种？”
"Five different types of chairs."
“五种不同类型的椅子。”
"Get ’em outta here man."
“把它们拿走，伙计。”
Because in film, a chair is not just a chair.
因为在电影中，椅子不仅仅是一把椅子。
It's a piece of production design.
而是一种设计。
And the type of chair you choose can say everything about the person and the world they inhabit.
你选择的椅子能够透露出角色和他们所在世界的一切信息。
"You know, my papers."
“你知道，我的文件。”
"Business papers."
“商业文件。”
So let's shop around.
所以让我们来看一看。
If you'd like to see the film names, press the CC button below.
如果你想知道电影的名字，请按下面的CC按钮。
Let's say you've written a story.
假设你已经写了一个故事。
What use is something like this to you?
椅子这样的东西对你有什么用？
Well the first, and most common use of a chair is as extension of the world.
椅子的第一个用途，也是最常见的用途，是作为环境的装饰。
This is how you and I see them every day.
这就是你我对椅子的一般看法。
We think them as part of the environment.
我们认为椅子是环境的一部分。
But an audience can take one look at them and tell whether the world is bright and clean...
但观众只要看一眼，就能判断这个世界是明亮而干净……
Or a little more rundown.
还是更破败不堪。
Whether our characters have very little money.
我们的角色是贫穷……
Or plenty of it.
还是富有。
"You can't sell leaf-tables and no chairs..."
“你不能只卖桌子，不卖椅子。”
"Chairs, you got a dinette set."
“有椅子，就是一套餐用家具。”
"No chairs, you got dick!"
“没有椅子，就屁都不是！
Like all production design, the right chair gives us an entire world to imagine beyond the frame.
就像所有的设计一样，合适的椅子能够让我们超越电影画面的束缚，想象一个完整的世界。
"Ugly old thing."
“丑陋的老东西。”
"Yet it has a certain appeal."
“但确实有一定的吸引力。”
"The Lysa Arryn of chairs."
“椅子中的莱莎·阿林。”
And it also offers a very simple way to show power and hierarchy.
它还是一种非常简单的展示权力和等级制度的方式。
The head of the monarchy.
君主制的国家首领的椅子。
The captain of the ship.
船长的椅子。
Or the ruler of the whole empire.
或者是整个帝国统治者的椅子。
"Welcome, young Skywalker."
“欢迎你，年轻的天行者。”
The 2nd, and more unusual use of a chair is as extension of a specific character.
椅子的第二个用法，也是不太常见的用法，是用来修饰特定角色。
For instance, you might have someone who's weak and insecure.
例如，你可能描写了一个软弱且缺乏安全感的人。
"I have so arranged that he will always be looking up at you..."
“我已经安排好了，他会一直仰望着你……”
"And you looking down at him."
“而你一直俯视着他。”
"Mm hmm. Very good."
“嗯，嗯。非常好。”
Who tries to keep other people down.
他想要压制其他人。
And yet his plans are always challenged and he can never be on top.
然而，他的计划总是被打乱，他永远不可能高人一等。
"Very interesting."
“非常有趣。”
"Yes, you like it?"
“是的，你喜欢吗？”
In other words, a chair can represent the psychology of a person.
换言之，一把椅子可以代表一个人的心理。
If they are vain...
如果他们很虚荣……
If they lack inhibition...
如果他们缺乏抑制力……
Or if they really like joysticks.
或者如果他们真的喜欢操纵杆。
And if you consider animation, you can push this even further by drawing chairs that resemble the character.
如果考虑到动画，你可以绘制与角色相似的椅子来进一步加强这个用法。
Notice here how Carl's square head is similar to his chair while Ellie's round head and ears resemble hers.
请注意，卡尔的椅子是方形的，与他方形的头部相似，而埃莉的椅子较圆，与她圆形的头部和耳朵相似。
After she dies, Carl keeps her chair nearby.
埃莉死后，卡尔把她的椅子留在了旁边。
So that every time we see it, we're reminded of how much he loved her.
所以每次我们看到它，我们都会想起卡尔有多爱她。
But the third option is probably the most widely applicable.
但第三种用法可能是最好用的。
A chair can be an extension of the situation.
椅子可以用来深化情节。
"And you believed that story?"
“你相信那个故事吗？”
"You believed that?"
“你相信吗？”
In this scene from The Godfather Part II, notice how Fredo tries to sit up.
在《教父2》的这一幕中，注意弗雷多是如何尝试坐起来的。
"I've always taken care of you, Fredo."
“我一直在照顾你，弗雷多。”
"Taken care of me?"
“照顾我？”
but his chair won't let him.
但是他的椅子让他坐不起来。
"You're my kid brother, you take care of me?"
“你是我的弟弟，你照顾我？”
And the more he fidgets, the more powerless he looks.
他越坐立不安，看起来就越无能为力。
"There was something about that chair..."
“那把椅子有一些特别之处……”
"That worked great for the scene."
“它很适合那个场景。”
"He kept saying 'I'm your older brother!'"
“他不停地说‘我是你哥哥！’”
"And stuff like that, and the chair just kind of made him so limp and springy..."
“诸如此类的话，而椅子让他显得软弱而摇摇晃晃……”
"and kind of this worked great."
“这招很有效。”
The great thing about chairs is that they change the posture of the actors.
椅子的伟大之处在于，它能改变演员的姿势。
Some chairs don't let them get comfortable at all.
有些椅子让他们很不舒服。
Others let them get too comfortable.
而有些椅子会让他们太过舒服。
"Hello, Bernie."
“你好，伯尼。”
"Hello Tom, what's the rumpus?"
“你好，汤姆，怎么了？”
And others encourage them to be a little...
而其他人则希望椅子能够显得……
"Blofeld."
“布洛菲尔德。”
Theatrical.
更戏剧化。
None of these are mutually exclusive.
这些因素并不冲突。
In fact, the most fun happens when you start with one thing and end up with something else.
事实上，如果你想的是一回事，发生的是另一回事，这是最有趣的。
In this scene from Playtime, listen to the sound the chair makes.
在《玩乐时间》的这个场景中，听听椅子发出的声音。
It's a simple joke.
这只是个简单的笑话。
But a few minutes later, that joke gets extended, with two people and two chairs.
但几分钟后，这个笑话发生在了两个人和两张椅子上。
And as the chair keeps reappearing in scene after scene after scene, it becomes a much larger joke about how modern people always buy the same damn chairs.
随着这个椅子笑话在一幕又一幕中不断重现，这成了一个大笑话——现代人总是买相同的该死的椅子。
This is what great production design can get you.
这就是伟大的设计能给你带来的东西。
That one detail that pays off in unexpected ways.
这一细节会给你意想不到的回报。
And it doesn't have to be a chair.
而且不一定非得是一把椅子。
They're just very common and pretty cheap.
它们只是一些非常常见，而且相当便宜的东西。
But the next time you have a scene and you ask the actors to sit, Consider this: what do they sit on?
但下一次当你想拍一场戏，让演员们坐下来时，想一想：他们坐的是什么？
"This isn't real?"
“这不是真的吗？”
And is there a way for that object to be something more?
有没有办法让它变得更有价值？
