(单词翻译:单击)
Welcome to the HBR IdeaCast from Harvard Business Review.
欢迎来到哈佛商业评论的HBR IdeaCast。
I'm Curt Nickisch.
我是柯特·尼基施。
Today's guest studies the way we view inequality of all kinds.
今天的嘉宾呢，从多方面研究我们看待不平等的方式。
And her research shows that well, we're actually pretty bad at judging it accurately.
她的研究表明，事实上，我们在准确判断方面做得很差。
Stephanie, thanks so much for joining us.
斯蒂芬妮，非常感谢你做客我们的节目。
Thank you for having me.
谢谢你邀请我。
So where did your interest in studying inequality come from?
那么你对研究不平等的兴趣来源于什么呢？
Well, I myself have lived in many different countries and seen very different economic and social systems, and from early on noted the very different circumstances in which people live;
我自己在许多不同的国家生活过，看到了非常不同的经济和社会制度，从很早就注意到了人们生活的非常不同的情况；
the very different incomes they have, the different living standards, and so it's something that has been very salient to me from a pretty young age.
他们的收入水平大不相同，生活水平也各不相同，所以在我很小的时候，就对这个印象深刻了。
Inequality is rising in many countries across the world along many different dimensions.
世界上许多国家，不平等正在以许多不同的维度加剧。
So witnessing this in my own life and in the research that I was reading, it seemed like a very important area to work on.
在我自己的生活中，在我读到的相关研究中都显示出这一点 ，这似乎是一个非常重要的研究领域。
And so inequality is a problem, to improve the broader economy.
所以不平等阻碍了更广泛经济的发展，是一个问题。
Is that why getting to the heart of inequality and also understanding people's perceptions about it is a key way to try to improve it.
这就是为什么抓住不平等的核心并了解人们对它的看法是试图改善它的关键途径。
Yeah.
是的。
So when we look at inequality and trying to devise better policy solutions, we cannot just study what the effects of policies are, which is of course very important, but we also need to understand how people think about them.
所以当我们研究不平等并试图设计出更好的政策解决方案时，政策的效果固然重要，但我们不只要研究政策的效果，还需要了解人们是如何看待这些政策的。
In a sense, when people decide what policies they want to support, what policies they want to have and accept, there are a lot of perceptions, a lot of concerns that go into that, and understanding those is really critical in order to actually be able to implement good policies.
从某种意义上说，当人们决定他们想要支持什么政策，他们想要拥有和接受什么政策时，会有很多的看法，很多的担忧，了解这些对于真正能够实施好的政策来说是非常重要的。
One of the interesting things of your research is that you take really large data sets that are at a country level or across demographies,
研究中有趣的一件事是，你收集了非常大的数据集，这些数据集是在国家层面上的，或者是跨人口统计学的，
and you combine that with very individual surveys, where people are talking about their percept of things, and you put that together to come up with these insights.
你把它与非常个别的调查结合起来，在那里人们谈论他们对事物的看法，然后你把这些结合在一起，得出见解。
What is the strength of that research and what do you think it is contributing, that we haven't had before in this space?
这项研究的力量是什么？你认为它有什么贡献是我们以前在这个领域没有过的？
Yeah, so the projects we do at the Social Economics Lab, and by the way, we call it social economics,
所以我们在社会经济实验室做的项目——顺便说一句，我们称之为社会经济学，
because it is about how people form views on economic issues and think about economic topics, but taking into account social phenomena and the broader social context.
因为它是关于人们如何形成对经济问题的看法和对经济话题的思考，但也考虑到了社会现象和更广泛的社会背景。
The method we use is a new generation of surveys and experiments that we try to leverage, to understand how people think about the economy and economic policy.
我们使用的方法是我们试图利用的新一代调查和实验，以了解人们对经济和经济政策的看法。
And surveys like this are really a key you research tool because they're a way of getting into people's minds, and sort of listening to their thoughts and their reasoning.
像这样的调查确实是一个关键的研究工具，因为它们是进入人们思想的一种方式，在某种程度上可以倾听他们的想法和推理。
