Hi. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is phrasal verbs.
欢迎来到英格威英语学习网。我是亚当。今天我们来学习动词短语。
Surprise, surprise. Today, we're looking at the phrasal verbs used with "pass".
惊喜吧。今天，我们来学习有关“pass”的动词短语。
Okay? So once again, what is a phrasal verb? It's a verb and a preposition that together can have the literal meaning of the two words,
再说一遍，什么是动词短语？它是由动词和介词组成的短语，意思可能和两个词的字面意思一样，
like what the two words actually mean, plus other meanings that are a little bit unexpected.
就是两个词本来的意思，还有其他不同的意思。
We're going to look at "pass up". Sometimes it's "pass up on" something.
我们来看“pass up”。有时候会说“pass up on”。
"Pass on", "pass over", "pass through", "pass by", "pass down", "pass away", "pass out", "pass off", "pass around".
“Pass on”，“Pass over”，“Pass Pass ”，“Pass by"，“Pass down”，“Pass away”，“Pass out”，“Pass off”，“Pass around”。
Notice how when I have prepositions that begin with vowels, like A, O, O, etc. It sounds like one word.
注意以元音开始的介词的读法，比如A，O等等。听起来像一个单词。
"Pass away", "pass out". Just make sure you understand it's a verb and a preposition. So, let's start. "Pass up".
“pass away”，“pass out”。确保你明白它是一个动词和介词。我们开始吧。“pass up”。
When you pass up on something, for example, or you pass up an opportunity, it means you let it go.
如果你错过某事，比如，你放过一个机会，意思是你放过了这个机会。
You don't grab it, you don't catch it. An opportunity comes, and you pass up on it.
你没有抓住它。一个机会来了，你错过了它。
It means you don't really necessarily want to take part of it. For example, in a job.
意思是你不想利用它。比如，在一份工作中。
The company has an opening for a manager, and my friends or my colleagues say to me: "You should apply for this position." And I...
公司有一个经理职位的空缺，我的朋友或我的同事对我说：“你应该申请这个职位。我...
I'm not really in the mood right now, I want to do other things, so I pass up on that opportunity.
我现在不准备做这个，我想做其他事情，所以我放过了那个机会。
Okay? So let it go. And of course, there's the literal meaning.
放过了机会。当然，它也有字面的意思。
You are standing on a ladder, you are painting the ceiling, and you need a...
你站在一个梯子上，你需要粉刷天花板，你需要一个...
Another paintbrush, so I grab one and I pass it up to you.
另外一个漆刷，所以我拿了一个传给了你。
Okay. "Pass on" has a few meanings. One is a soft way to say die.
“pass on”有几个意思。其中一个就是委婉地表达死亡的方式。
So: -"Oh, how's your grandfather?" -"Oh, I'm afraid he passed on a few weeks ago." Pass on: died.
“你祖父怎么样了？”“他几周前已经去世了。”它就是死亡的意思。
"Pass on" also means pass information, or move, or give, or transfer information.
“pass on”还有一个意思是传递信息，或移动信息，或给出信息，或传递信息。
So I... I say to you... You're... You're my staff, I say: "Okay. Here's the new rules for this situation.
所以我对你说...你是我的员工，我说：“这是这个东西的新规则。
Pass it on to everybody in the office." It means give it, pass it to everybody.
传给办公室的其他所有人。”意思就是传递给大家。
Okay? "Pass on" is also a little bit similar to "pass up", but it's more with specific things.
“pass on”也有一点像“pass up”，但是它更多搭配的是具体的东西。
Okay? So for example, you invite me to dinner, and you make a nice roast pig, or something like that.
比如，你邀请我去吃晚饭，你做了一个很棒的烤乳猪，或者类似的美食。
Very delicious. But, I'm a vegetarian. I don't eat meat. So I pass up on the...
非常美味。但是，我是一个素食主义者。我不吃肉。所以我没有吃...
On the roast, but I will have the salad, I will have the vegetables.
烤乳猪，但是我会吃沙拉，我会吃蔬菜。
Oh sorry, I will pass on the roast. Not "pass up". I will pass on the roast, thank you, I will take something else.
抱歉，我不吃烤猪。不是“pass up”。我不吃烤乳猪，谢谢你，我会吃一些其他的事情。
Pass up on an opportunity, pass on something. Say: "No thank you." Okay.
错过一个机会，跳过什么东西。就说：“不要，谢谢。”
"Pass over" means I could just pass over. So, before I passed up, now I'm passing over.
“pass over” 的意思是我可以忽略。刚才是放弃，现在是忽略。
More like sideways. We call it laterally. Okay? I can also pass over, it means have a quick look at something.
更像是间接的。我们称它为侧面。还有一个意思是，快速浏览某物。
Here's your document, I'll just pass over it. I have a very quick, not detailed look.
这是你的文件，我快速浏览一下。我会快速看一下，不会仔细看。
Okay? Now, we can also use "pass over" to skip something or someone.
我们也可以使用“pass over”来表示跳过某事或某人。
So, I have some people, and I'm trying to build a basketball team. And I'm thinking: "Hm.
所以，这里有一些人，我想组建一个个篮球队。我在想：
Who...? Who are the best players?" So I'll take you, I'll take you, I'll pass over you, and I'll take you, and I'll take you.
哪几个是最好的球员？我选你，还有你，不要你，还有你，还有你。
So this person is passed over. It means I go over them, and I go to the next one. I skip them. "Pass through".
所以这个人被跳过了。意思是略过了他们，选择下一个。我略过了他们。“pass through”。
If you're just passing through town, it means you're not stopping for very long.
如果你只是穿过一个镇子，意思是你不会在那里待很久。
You're coming, you're saying hi, you're going. Now, "pass through" also literally means to go through something.
你来了，打个招呼就离开。它也有字面上的穿过某物的意思。
So if I'm wearing a very thin shirt, the wind will pass right through it, and basically chill my skin.
所以如果我穿了一件很薄的衬衫，风就会穿过它，让我的皮肤变冷。
Chill my bones. "Pass by" also means, like, staying for a very short time.
让我的骨头变冷。“Pass by”还表示停留很短的时间。
So if I come up to my friend's house, he is not expecting me or she is not expecting me, and I ring the doorbell.
所以如果我来到我朋友的家里，他或者她没预料到我要来，我就按门铃。

They open the door, and I say: "Hi. I was just passing by.
他们打开门，我说：“嗨。我只是路过。
I was in the neighborhood." It means I just came for a short visit unexpectedly.
我刚才就在附近。”意思是我只是突然来短期拜访。
Okay? If something passes you by, it's [whizzing noise]. The car, I was driving my car, the...
如果有什么东西从你身边经过，就会有嗖嗖声。那辆车，我开着我的车，那个....
Another car passed by, and just kept going. So to move without stopping.
另一辆车经过了，一直向前开。没有停下来。
And you can also talk about more general things, like time. Time doesn't wait for anybody.
你也可以谈论更一般的事情，比如时间。时间不会等任何人。
Time just passes by, regardless of what you do. If you're waiting for something, wait.
时间会不停地流逝，不管你做什么。如果你在等待什么东西。
Time just keeps passing. It passes by. Okay. "Pass down".
时间会不停地流逝。不会停下来。“pass down”。
So again, I passed up something, I passed over something, now I'm passing down.
我错过了某事，跳过了某事，现在我把某物传下来。
I'm in a high place, you're in a low place, I'm passing it down.
我处在一个高地方，你在一个低的位置，我现在把它传下来。
But we can also talk about giving something from one generation to another.
我们也可以用它来表示，把某物传给下一代。
So, my five-year-old child is too big for his clothes now.
所以，我五岁的孩子现在太大了，穿不下他的衣服。
So I take his clothes, and I pass them down to my nephew who's only two years old, and can still use them.
所以我把他的衣服给了我的侄子，他只有两岁，还可以穿。
So, we also call them "pass-me-downs".
我们也称它们为“pass-me-downs”。
So if you ever hear or see this expression, these are clothes that came from somebody older, usually in the family.
如果你遇到过这个表达的话，这些是来自某个年长的人的衣服，通常是家里人。
Okay? "Pass away". Very similar to "pass on", means to die. It's a euphemism, means it's a soft expression.
“pass away”。和“pass on”意思很像，意思是死亡。这是一种委婉的说法，是一种委婉的表达。
Because again, people don't like the word "die." So: -"How's your grandfather?"
因为，人们不喜欢用“die”这个词。”“你祖父怎么样了？”
-"Oh, I'm afraid he passed away a few weeks ago." Okay, you can use "pass on".
“他在几周前已经去世了。”你可以使用“pass on”。
"Pass away" is more common than "pass on". Okay. "Pass out". So two meanings. One: distribute.
“pass away”比“pass on"更常见。“pass out”。两个意思。一个意思是“分发”。
Similar to "hand out", which we've studied before. If you have a group of people assembled, I will pass out the papers.
和“hand out”相似，我们之前学过。如果有一群人聚到了一起，我就分发纸张。
I will pass out the candy to everybody. But "pass out" also means [exhales] become unconscious suddenly, unexpectedly.
我会把糖果发给大家。但是“pass out”也指昏倒，突然没有意识，出乎意料地。
This is especially true if you like to drink, and drink, and drink.
尤其是你不停的喝喝喝的话，
If you drink too much alcohol-of course we're talking about not Coca-Cola, although that might happen too -too much alcohol and you'll probably pass out.
如果你喝太多酒的话-当然我们说的不是可口可乐，尽管那也可能会发生-喝太多酒你就可能会晕倒。
You think you went to sleep, but you didn't. You were...
你觉得你是睡着了，但是你没有。你是...
Fell on the floor, and your friends took their marker and painted things all over your face, because you were passed out.
倒在了地上，你的朋友们拿起马克笔在你的脸上画东西，因为你昏倒了。
"Pass off". What this means is try to convince people, or convince somebody that something is what it isn't.
“pass off”。意思是你想要说服某人，或者是说服某人，让他们认为某物不是它原来的样子。
Now, sounds a little bit confusing. So, I'm in a group of doctors, and I think: "Oh, wow.
听起来有一点令人迷惑。我是一群医生中的一个，我在想，哇，
Everybody here is really smart, so I need to be smart.
大家都很聪明，我也需要聪明一点。
So, I'm not smart, but I will try to pass myself off as smart." So basically means pretend to be something.
我不聪明，但是我尽量假装自己是聪明人。”基本上就是假装什么事情。
Or I go to a store and I see a bag, and it says Gucci on the bag, and the...
我去了一家商店，看到一个包，牌子是古驰的，
And the shop owner or the store owner says: "Oh, it's only $3,000." And I'm like: "Really? It looks like a fake." He goes: "No, no, no. It's real."
店老板说：“价格只要3000美元。”我就说：“真的吗？它看起来像是假的。”他就说：“不是的。它是真品。”
So he is trying to pass this bag off as real, even though I know it's not.
他想把这个包当成真的，即使我知道它是假的。
Okay? And "pass around". So if you're passing it around, I give you a...
“pass around”。如果你在分发，我给你一个...
Like a plate of candy, and I say: "Take one and then pass it around." So take it, take a candy, pass.
就像一盘糖果，我说：“拿一个，然后传下去。”拿一个糖果，然后就传出去。
Take it, candy, pass, pass. Pass around to everybody.
拿一个糖果，传给下一个，传给大家。
It's like distribute, except that the people are doing it one to the next, one to the next, one to the next.
就像是分发，只不过人们是一个一个地传，传给下一个。
So these are your phrasal verbs with "pass". These are very commonly heard phrasal verbs.
这些就是“pass”有关的动词短语。这些是经常听到的动词短语。
If you have any questions about them, of course come to www.engvid.com, go to the comments section, and ask your questions.
当然，如果你有任何问题，你可以登陆英格威英语学习网，去评论区提问。
There is a quiz that you can practice these, you can see these in actual sentences that you can try to understand on your own.
你可以做一个小测连练习这些短语，你可以在句子中应用它们，理解它们。
And of course, come back and see the next lesson. Bye-bye.
欢迎回来看下一个视频，再见。