Hi, guys. I'm Alex.Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on IELTS and TOEFL academic vocabulary, with a focus on adjectives.
大家好，我是Alex。感谢点击收看，欢迎来到雅思托福词汇课堂，这节课我们看看形容词。
Don't forget to check out the other IELTS and TOEFL academic vocabulary lessons on verbs and nouns.
别忘了去看看关于动词名词的其他雅思托福词汇课程。
Today, we're going to look at 10 adjectives, and again, this is to help you on your writing, speaking, listening, and reading sections of the IELTS and TOEFL.
今天，我们要看看十个常用形容词，同样的，这些会为你在雅思及托福考试中的写作、口语、听力以及阅读部分带来帮助。
So, basically, every single section; vocabulary is important for every single section, obviously.So, the first word we have is: "aware".
所以其实就是你的每个单项都有帮助；很明显词汇对每个单项都很重要。第一个单词，是“知道的，察觉到的”。
Now, again, "aware" is an adjective which means that you are conscious of something or that you have knowledge of something.
“Aware”是一个形容词，表示你意识到了什么事情，或者是你知道了某件事。

So, for example: "I was not aware of that fact." I didn't have knowledge of that before.
举个例子：“我之前不知道这个事实。”我以前不知道那件事。
So, for example: I was not aware that the red panda was an actual animal.
比如说：我以前不知道红熊猫是真实存在的动物。
If you don't know that, look up: "red panda" on Google image search and you'll see a red panda.
如果你也不知道的话，去谷歌图片搜索“Red Panda”，你就会看到一只红熊猫。
It happens. They're...It's true.The next word is: "crucial".So something that is "crucial" is vital or very important.
这是真的。他们……真的存在。下一个单词：“关键的”。“关键的”某事是至关重要的。
Think of it as essential, almost.So: "Pronunciation is a crucial part of language."
把它想成必需的。那么：“发音是语言的重要部分。”
It's a very important, vital, essential part, component or aspect of learning language.The next word we have is: "flexible".
那是语言学习中的至关重要、必需的部分、成分或者说方面。下一个单词是：“灵活的。”
So, if you are "flexible" or something is "flexible", it is able to be shaped, meaning it's not rigid.
所以如果你是“灵活的”或者某物是“灵活的”，那么就可以塑型，意思是并不僵硬。
Like this would be not flexible; inflexible.You know, I can't really bend this very much.So, for example: "Employers want employees who are flexible."
像这个就不灵活，inflexible。你知道，我不能掰弯它。所以，举个例子：“雇主们都想要灵活的员工。”
So, if you work for a company, your boss probably likes it if you're able to work a variety of hours and you can do different types of jobs.
如果你在一家公司工作，而且你能在灵活工作时间内干活，还能胜任不同工作的话，你的老板会可能会喜欢的。
So you have many talents and you're able to, you know, move and bend, depending on the needs of the company.
你才华横溢，而且能够根据公司的需求能屈能伸。
The next word is: "obvious".If something is "obvious" - you might be familiar with this word - it's clear and easy to see.
下一个单词：“明显的”。如果某事是“obvious”的（你可能会熟悉这个单词），那么它就是很清楚容易能被看到的。
So: "It is obvious that a large population increases traffic."
“很明显，人口众多会增大交通流量。”
So, in a city like Toronto, or Hong Kong, or any type of large metropolis or cosmopolitan area,
在像多伦多、香港这样的城市，或者其他任何大都会，
you have large populations and those large populations cause more traffic because you have more people - more cars.
都会有众多人口，而这么多人就会造成大量的交通流量，因为人越多——车越多。
So it's obvious that large populations increase traffic.Next, we have the word: "prohibited".
那么很明显，人口众多会增大交通流量。下一个，我们的单词是“禁止的”。
If something is "prohibited", it's not allowed, it's forbidden.
如果某事是“prohibited”的，那么它就是不被允许的，禁止的。
So, for example: "Smoking is prohibited in most restaurants."It means that you can't do it.
比如说，“大多数餐馆禁止吸烟。”意味着你不能吸烟。
It's not allowed in those restaurants.Okay, guys, let's look at five more words.Okay, so the next word is: "relevant".
在这些餐馆不允许。好了，我们再来看看下面五个单词。下一个是“相关的”。
Now, if something is relevant, it is connected to the current situation or the current issue we are discussing.
如果某事相关的话，那么就是如现在的情况或者与我们正在讨论的话题有关系。
Another word for "relevant" is: "pertinent".The example we have on the board is: "Your question is not relevant to this discussion."
另一个表示“相关”的单词，是“pertinent”。黑板上写出的例句是这样的：“你的问题与我们现在我们讨论的东西无关。”
So, for example: if I am talking about global warming and you ask me a question about clowns or make-up, that's not relevant to the thing that we are discussing.
比如说，我在讲有关全球变暖的事情，而你问我有关小丑或者化妆的问题，那它就与我们正在讨论的东西无关了。
The next adjective is: "reliable"."Reliable" means able to be predicted or dependable; something you can count on.
下一个形容词是“可靠的”。“Reliable”意味着可预见或者可依靠，你可以指望得上的东西。
The sentence we have on the board is: "Everyone wants a reliable source of income."
黑板上的例句是：“每个人都想有一个可靠的收入来源。”
A reliable source of income means money from your job that you know is going to come,
一个可靠的收入来源是来自于你的工作，你知道你会有收入，
you know, at a dependable pace; so every two weeks, you know you will receive a certain amount of money from your job.
而且是以一个稳定的周期；每两周，你就会从你的工作中得到一定数额的钱。
So everyone wants a reliable source of money, an income from their job.The next word is: "secure".
所以每个人都想从工作中有一个可靠的收入来源。下一个，“安全的”。
You might know the word: "security" which is the noun form.
你可能会知道它的名词形式“security”。
Here, we're looking at the adjective which means safe or protected from harm.
在这里，我们看到的是形容词形式，意思是安全，或者免收伤害的。
So: "My city is secure."We don't say: "My city is security."
“我的城市是安全的。”我们不会说：“我的城市是安全。”
Remember: an adjective is a word that talks about the quality of something or it describes it in some way.
记住：形容词是表达某一件事的品质，或者从某个角度描述这件事。
So you're describing your city.In this situation, you say: "My city is secure." Not "security".
所以你在描述你的城市。这种情况下你要说：“My city is secure.”而不是“security”。
My city has security, it is secure.The next adjective is: "significant".So, if something is "significant", it's of consequence; it is important.
我的城市有安全性，它很安全。下一个形容词是：“重要的”。如果某事是“significant”的，那它就很重要。
So, for example: "Landing on the moon is one of man's most significant achievements."
比如说：“登陆月球是人类最重要的成就之一。”
An achievement that has had a tremendous consequence, basically, on our world today and the development of the space program in general.
总体来说，从当今世界和空间发展计划上，一项带来了辉煌成果的成就，
And finally, we have the word: "visible".And you might be familiar with this word.It just means able to be seen.So: "There are numerous visible problems here."
最后一个单词，“看得见的”。你可能会知道这个单词。它的意思是可以看见的。“这里有许多显而易见的问题。”
Whether you're talking about a company, or a city, or a country, or a place - just means able to be seen; clearly able to be seen.
不管你是在说一家公司、一个城市、一个国家或者就是一个地方——都是意味着能看得见的，明显能被看见的。
Okay, guys, if you want to test your understanding of the adjectives that we have studied today, as always, you can check out the quiz on www. engvid. com.
好了，如果你们想检验一下自己对今天学习的形容词掌握的怎么样了，一如往常，你可以到www.engvid.com做个测验试试。
And again, don't forget to check out the full academic word list on our resources pages.Take care, guys, and I'll talk to you soon.
再说一遍，别忘了看看我们资源页上的全部学术词汇列表。那么大家下次见了，再见。