Hi, I'm Oli, welcome to Oxford Online English!
大家好，我是奥利，欢迎来到牛津在线英语。
In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam, part two.
在这节课中你们可以学到与雅思口语考试第二部分有关的内容。
The IELTS speaking test has three parts, and in this class, you can learn in more detail about part two of the speaking exam, and how to improve your score.
雅思口语考试分为三个部分，在这节课上，你们可以更详细地学到口语考试第二部分以及如何提高分数的内容。
First, let's review what happens in part two of the IELTS speaking test.
首先，我们来回顾一下雅思口语考试第二部分的情况。
The examiner will give you a card with a topic.
考官会给你一个写着话题的卡片。
You have one minute to prepare a short speech on the topic.
你有一分钟的时间准备一个与该话题有关的小演讲。
After one minute, the examiner will ask you to speak.
一分钟过后，考官会让你开始说。
You need to talk for between one and two minutes.
你要讲到1-2分钟。
After you finish, the examiner will ask you one or two simple questions about what you said.
讲完后，考官会根据你所讲的内容问你一或两个简单的问题。
Let's look at a sample question from part two of the IELTS speaking test which we can use today.
我们来看一个今天可以用的雅思口语考试第二部分的问题范例。
"Describe an important choice you made."
“描述一下你做过的一个重要选择。”
You should say: what choices you had, what you decided, and how easy it was to make your decision.
你应该讲的内容包括：你有哪些选择，你做了什么决定，以及做这个决定的难易程度。
You should also explain how you feel about this choice now.
还应该讲一讲你现在对这个选择有什么感觉。
Imagine: you're in the exam, you have one minute to prepare your answer.
想象一下你在参加考试，你有一分钟的时间准备作答。
How should you use your time?Let's look!
你应该如何利用这段时间呢？我们来看一看！
Part one: how to use your preparation time.
第一部分：如何利用准备时间。
The first thing you should do: ask the examiner if there are any words you don't understand!
你应该做的第一件事是如果有不理解的单词，就问一下考官。
Asking the examiner will use some of your time, and that's not great.
问考官会花掉一些时间，这样不是太好。
But, don't talk if you haven't understood the question; that will be worse.
但是如果你还没有弄懂问题就不要开始讲，那样会更糟。
Secondly, look at the question.
第二，审题。
It has four parts: the three bullet points, and the longer question at the end.
题目共有四个部分：三个要点和最后一个较长的问题。
One minute is not a long time.You can't prepare everything, so don't try.
一分钟时间并不算长。你是无法准备得面面俱到的，所以不要有这种想法。
Try to think of one or two things you can say for each part of the question.
试着想想针对问题的每一个部分你能说的一到两件事。
Make short notes to help you remember your points.
做简短的笔记帮助自己记住要点。
How can you make effective notes?
怎样才能做出有效的笔记呢？
Let's look: For example, let's say you want to talk about choosing what to study at university.
我们来看一个例子：假设你想谈一谈在大学选择专业。
You write: "Computer science or engineering."
你要写下：计算机科学或工程。
"IT—interesting career opportunities."
信息技术行业：有趣的就业机会。
"Difficult—pros and cons on both sides."
困难：两方都各有利弊。
"Satisfied—IT work is interesting/creative."
满意：信息技术工作有趣，有创意。
These notes will help you to speak.
这些笔记能帮助你更好地作答。
Let's see how.
我们来看看它是怎么做到的。
The four parts of the note follow the four parts of the question.
笔记的四个部分分别对应题目的四个部分。
This will help you to keep your answer organized.
这能帮助你保持回答条理清晰。
You have some key words and phrases like 'career opportunities', 'pros and cons' or 'creative' which you can use in your answer.
像“就业机会”、“利弊”或“有创意”这样的关键词或短语都可以用在回答中。
The notes give you at least one or two points to make about each part of the question.
笔记上针对题目的每一部分至少有一至两点可说的事情。
Again, you won't have time to do more than this, so don't try.
再说一遍，你不会有时间做超过这些的事情，所以试都不用试。
Don't write full sentences, focus on covering all the points you need to talk about.
不要把整个句子都写出来，把精力放在你需要谈到的所有要点上。
OK, your minute's up, and it's time to talk!Now what?
好了，时间到，该开始讲了！现在怎么办呢？
Part two: how to organize your answer.
第二部分：如何组织语言作答。
Organizing your answer well is easy to do, and important, but many students don't do it so well.
组织好你的回答很简单也很重要，但是很多学生在这方面表现得不是很好。
So how can you organize your answer effectively?
那么你怎样才能有效地组织语言作答呢？
First, start with an opening phrase.
首先，从开头短语开始。
Say something like: "I'm going to tell you about…""I'd like to talk about…"
用下面这些短语开头：“我想跟你讲一讲......”“我想说一下......”
"I've decided to talk about blah blah blah..."This gives your speech a strong, clear start.
“我决定讲一下......”这样你的回答就有了一个清楚而强有力的开头。
What next?Very simple: follow the bullet points.
接下来呢？很简单，按照题目中的要点作答。
Say 1-2 sentences, using your notes, about each of the three bullet points.
参照笔记，三个要点中每一个都用1-2个句子描述一下。
Hopefully, this will take you 30-60 seconds.
这一部分大概要讲到30-60秒。
Be focused, and don't go off topic or add any points which don't answer the question.
集中精神，不要跑题或加上一些与题目无关的内容。
Every sentence should be a direct answer to one of the points on the card.
每个句子都应该直接回答卡片上的各个要点。
Next, focus on the last part of the question, here: Explain how you feel about this choice now.
接下来，集中回答问题的最后一部分，也就是解释你现在对这个选择的感受。
This is the most important part of the question, because it lets you go into more detail.
这是整个题目最重要的部分，因为你在这个部分可以详细讲一讲。
This isn't just true for this question; this is generally true for IELTS speaking part two questions.
这不仅适用于这一个题目，对一般的雅思口语考试第二部分的题目都适用。
The three bullet points are quite simple, and you can't say very much about them, sometimes.
那三个要点都非常简单，而且有时候没办法讲得太多。
But the last part always has more depth, and you should spend more time on it.
但是最后一部分往往更有深度，在这个部分应该多花些时间。
So, try to make 3-4 sentences about the last part of the question.
所以在回答题目的最后一部分时，尽量讲3-4个句子。
This should take you 30-60 seconds, again.Great! You've finished, right?
这部分也应该讲到30-60秒。太好了！讲完了，对吗？
Well, not quite, you also need a strong finish.
不尽然，你还需要一个强有力的结尾。
Often, when I practice IELTS with my students, they act surprised when they finish their answers, like this: “…and so I feel like I probably made the right choice." Finished!
通常我和我的学生一起练习雅思时，他们结束回答时表现得很惊讶，比如：“......所以我感觉我可能做出了正确的选择。”，就这样结束了！
This doesn't sound like you've finished, it sounds like you've just run out of things to say.
这听起来一点也不像你已经讲完了，而像是你没有东西可说了。
You should know when you've finished, and you should show the examiner clearly.
你结束作答时你自己应该要知道啊，而且应该清楚地让考官知道你讲完了。
So how can you finish strongly?
那么如何才能强有力地结束回答呢？
Use a concluding phrase, such as: "That's why I feel..."
用个结束语，比如：“这就是为什么我感觉......”
"Finally, when I look back at my decision now…"
“最后，当我现在回过头来看自己当初的决定时......”
"I'm glad I made the decision I did."
“我很庆幸自己当时做了这个决定。”
Obviously, the finishing phrases aren't like the opening phrases, which you can use for any topic.
显然，结束语和开头语不同，不是所有话题都适用。
The finishing phrases will depend on the question you get.
结束语的选择取决于你拿到的题目。
Just remember, you need to finish strongly, don't just...
记住，你要强有力地结束，不要只是......
Okay, I've finished point 2, what's next?
好了，我讲完了第二部分，下一个是什么？
Part three: adding details to your answer.
第三部分：在回答中加入细节。
A lot of IELTS advice says the same things: give detailed answers, use varied vocabulary, use different sentence structures.
很多雅思建议讲的都是同样的内容：给出详细的回答，使用多样化的词汇，使用不同的句子结构。
OK, that's great, it's all true, but how?
很棒，这都没错，但是怎么做呢？
And how can you use this in part two of your IELTS speaking test?
怎样才能把这个用到雅思口语考试的第二部分中去呢？
Actually, if you follow the advice I've given you so far, this will happen automatically.
事实上，如果你们按照我到目前为止给你们的建议作答，就能自动做到这一点。
If you make two sentences for each bullet point, make 3-4 sentences for the last part of the question, write down key vocabulary to use in your notes.
每个要点用两个句子描述，题目最后一部分用3-4个句子作答，在笔记里写下要用的关键词汇。
If you do these things, your answer should already be detailed, with some good vocabulary.
如果你们做到了这几点，你们的回答应该就已经很详细了，并且用上了一些不错的词汇。
We've already done a lot of the work you need to do here.But what else can you do?
我们已经完成了很多你们在这里需要做的事情。但是你们还能做什么呢？
Well, for each point, try to give at least one fact and one opinion.
回答每一个要点时，尽量给出至少一个事实和一个观点。
For example, don't say: "I had to choose between studying computer science and studying engineering."
举个例子，不要说：“我必须在学习计算机科学和学习工程之间做选择。”
Say: "I had to choose between studying computer science and studying engineering.
而要说：“我必须在学习计算机科学和学习工程之间做选择。
I was interested in both, although I always felt that studying computer science was a better choice."
我对这两个专业都很感兴趣，不过我一直认为学习计算机科学是个更好的选择。”
Don't say: "I decided to study computer science."
不要说：“我决定学习计算机科学。”
Instead, say: "I decided to study computer science, because I felt it would give me more interesting career opportunities."
而要说：“我决定学习计算机科学，因为我觉得这会给我带来更有趣的就业机会。”
This is a good, simple rule to make your answers more detailed.
这是让你的回答更为详细的一个又好又简单的规则。
Always include a fact and an opinion if you can.Also, add details wherever you can.
只要可以就加上事实和观点。还有，只要可以就多加些细节。
So don't say, "It was quite a difficult decision to make."
所以不要说：“做出这个决定非常困难。”
Instead, say: "It was quite a difficult decision to make, because my parents and my teachers all gave me different advice, and I didn't know what to do."
而要说：“做出这个决定非常困难，因为我的父母和老师给我的建议都不相同，我不知道应该怎么做。”
Don't say: "I feel like I made the right decision."
不要说：“我感觉我做出了正确的决定。”
Say: "I feel like I made the right decision, because I really enjoy working in IT, it's very creative and there's always something new to learn."
而要说：“我感觉我做出了正确的决定，因为我真的很喜欢在信息技术行业工作，非常有创意而且总是能学到新东西。”
Following these simple rules will make your answers more detailed, and give you a higher chance to get a better score.
遵循这些简单的规则你的回答就会更加详细，而且取得好成绩的可能性也更大。
Next, let's look at timing.Part four: how long should you speak?
接下来我们来看看时间安排。第四部分：你应该讲多长时间？
This is simple: at least one minute, speaking for less than one minute will hurt your score.You can speak for up to two minutes.
很简单，至少一分钟，讲不到一分钟的话就要扣分了。最多可以讲两分钟。
After two minutes, the examiner will stop you, even if you're in the middle of your sentence.
两分钟后考官就会让你停下来，甚至不会让你把当前的句子说完。
If the examiner stops you, that's not necessarily a problem.
如果考官让你停下来了，这也不一定会怎么样。
It doesn't affect your score if you go too long.
如果你说得时间太长了，让你停下来对你的分数也不会有影响。
However, if you've haven't covered all the parts of the question, that could be a problem.
但是，如果你还没有把题目的所有部分都讲到，这就麻烦了。
That's why a good goal is to speak for 90 seconds.
这就是为什么最好要把时间限定在90秒。
This should give you enough time to say everything you want to say.
这样你就有足够的时间把要说的所有内容都说完了。
So how do you do that?Practice, and time yourself.
那么，要怎样才能做到呢？练习并自己计时。
Type “IELTS speaking part two questions” into Google, find some questions to practice with.
谷歌一下“雅思口语考试第二部分题目”，找些题目练习。
First, speak and look at your timer, on your phone or wherever.
首先，一边讲一边看你手机上或别的地方的计时器。
Answer the same question several times.Your goal is to cover all parts of the question in 90 seconds.
多回答几次同一个题目。目标是在90秒内讲完题目的所有部分。
Later, when you're more comfortable with this, practice your answers, but don't look at the timer.
稍后等你适应了这种做法之后，继续练习回答，但不再看计时器。
At the end, guess how long you spoke for, and then look at the timer to check.
回答完之后猜一下你讲了多长时间，然后查看一下计时器上的时间。
If you do this a few times, you'll start to feel how long you need to speak for.
如此几次之后，你就能开始感觉到你需要讲多长时间。
You'll also know how much you can say.Different people speak at different speeds.
还能知道你可以讲多少内容。不同的人语速也有所不同。
If you can speak fast and fluently, you'll be able to say more in 90 seconds.
如果你英语讲得又快又流利，那在90秒内能讲的内容就多些。
If you're a slower speaker, you won't be able to say as much.
如果你说话比较慢，那你能讲的内容就没那么多了。
Practicing will help you to understand how much you can say in 90 seconds.
通过练习能让你了解自己在90秒内能说多少内容。
Part five: dealing with common problems.
第五部分：处理常见的问题。
Finally, let's look at some problems which many students face in part two of the IELTS speaking test.
最后我们来看看很多学生在雅思口语考试第二部分遇到的一些问题。
First problem: “I don't have anything to say about this topic!”
第一个问题：“我对这个话题没什么可说的！”
Well, I chose the question for this lesson because it's an easier one.
我选择在课上用这个题目是因为它比较简单。
“Describe an important choice you made” I think is something which most people could talk about.
“描述你做过的一个重要选择”，我认为这是大多数人都能讲一讲的话题。
Unfortunately, not all of the questions are so easy or general.
遗憾的是，并不是所有的题目都如此简单或普遍。
For example, if the question is, “Talk about a party which you went to.”
举个例子，假设题目是“讲一讲你去过的一个派对”。
What if you haven't been to a party for several years?
万一你好几年都没参加过派对了怎么办？
What if you don't like parties?This could happen.
万一你不喜欢派对呢？这种情况不是没有可能出现。
We hope it won't, but it could.What can you do?
我们希望不要出现这种情况，但是也不无可能。你能怎么办呢？
First, when you're preparing for the exam, be strict with yourself.
首先，准备考试的时候，要对自己严格一点。
Don't just practice easy questions, or questions which you think are interesting.
不要只练习简单的题目或者你认为有意思的题目。
Find the most difficult question you can.Find the most boring question you can.Practice answering these.
找到你能找到的最难的题目。找到你能找到的最无聊的题目。练习回答这些题目。
Find more difficult questions, find more boring questions, and practice them.You need to be prepared for anything.
找到更难、更无聊的题目，练习这些题。你们要做好万全的准备。
If the worst happens, and you get a topic where you don't have anything to say, you have two options.
如果出现了最坏的情况，你拿到了一个你无话可说的话题，你有两个选择。
First, you can just lie.The examiner really doesn't care if you tell the truth or not.Make up a story if you can.
第一，你可以直接扯。考官并不在乎你讲的是真的还是假的。如果可以的话编一个故事出来。
Otherwise, try to think of a story from a friend, or from the news, or anything which you could use.
不然就努力想想朋友的故事，或者新闻上的故事或任何你能用上的东西。
For example, if the topic is “Talk about a party which you went to,” and your friend told you about a party that he or she went to last week, use your friend's story.
举个例子，如果话题是“讲一讲你去过的一个派对”，而你的朋友跟你讲过他（她）上周去过的一个派对，那你就可以借用你朋友的故事嘛。
To be clear, don't talk about your friend, use your friend's story and make it about you.
有一点我要说清楚，不要提到你的朋友，把你朋友的故事变成你自己的。
This is important: in other parts of the IELTS exam, it can be okay to say “I don't know,” or “I don't have anything to say about this.”
这一点很重要：在雅思考试的其他部分，说“我不知道”或者“我对此没什么可说的”或许没关系。
But in part two, you must answer the question.You can't change the topic or adapt it.
但是在第二部分，你必须回答问题。你不能换话题或改编话题。
Okay. What other common problems do IELTS students have during part two of the speaking test?Another common problem: “I'm so nervous!”
好了，考雅思的学生在口语考试的第二部分还会出现哪些常见的问题呢？另一个常见的问题：“我好紧张！”
Alright, well, giving a speech like this makes a lot of people nervous or uncomfortable.What can you do about this?
好吧，像这样进行小演讲确实会让很多人觉得紧张或不适。怎样解决这个问题呢？
First of all, understand that feeling nervous in this situation is natural.
首先，要明白在这种状况下感觉紧张是很自然的。
Very few people can feel totally comfortable in this kind of situation.
很少有人在这种情况下会觉得完全舒服。
Is there anything you can do to feel less nervous?Well, yes, there is.
有没有什么办法让自己不那么紧张？当然有啦。
First, practice making presentations or speeches in English, in front of as many people as possible, maybe in class or with your teacher.
首先练习在尽可能多的人面前，比如在班上或老师前面用英语做演讲。
Practicing speaking like this is useful anyway, but it's also good to get used to feeling nervous.
这样练习怎么都是有用的，但它还有助于习惯这种紧张的感觉。
Feeling a little bit nervous doesn't mean your English will get worse.
稍微有点紧张并不代表你的英语就会变差。
Feeling nervous is natural; you can feel nervous and you can still speak well.
感觉紧张是正常的，你可以在感觉紧张的同时依然把英语讲好。
It's important to understand this before your exam.
在考试之前理解这一点非常重要。
Okay, part six, let's review what we've talked about today.
好了，第六部分，我们来复习一下今天讲过的内容。
To get a higher score in part two of the IELTS speaking test, you need to prepare carefully, making sure you have something to say for each part of the question.
要在雅思口语考试第二部分得到高分，你需要认真准备，确保自己在题目的每个部分都有话可说。

You should structure your speech, with a clear beginning and ending.
应该组织好回答的结构，开头和结尾要清楚。
Add details to your answer where possible, especially for the last part of the question.Try to speak for around 90 seconds.
在回答中加入细节，尤其是回答题目的最后一部分时。尽量讲到90秒左右。
And, practice in advance, including boring questions, difficult questions, and speaking in situations where you feel nervous.
提前练习无聊的题目、很难的题目，以及练习在你会感到紧张的情况下演讲。
Okay, think about the question we looked at today.Here it is again.What would you talk about?
就拿我们今天讲过的这个题目来说。又是这个题目。你要讲什么？
What would you say?What details could you add to your answer?
你会怎么说？你能在回答中加入哪些细节？
Try it for yourself, and try to use some of the things we've talked about today.
你们自己试一试，并且要试着用上我们今天讲过的一些内容。
Alright, that's the end of the lesson, thanks very much for watching!
好了，这节课就到此结束了，非常感谢你的观看！
I really hope you found this IELTS advice useful in preparing for your exam.
我非常希望你们觉得这个雅思建议对你们准备考试有用。
Good luck if you have an exam coming up soon!
祝很快就要参加考试的朋友好运！
You can see more of our free lessons on our website: Oxford Online English. com, but that's all for today.See you next time!
想要更多免费课程可以登陆我们的网站 Oxford Online English. com，但今天就这样了。下次见！