Hello, everyone. I'm Jade, what we're looking at today is "verb"+"to".
大家好，我是 Jade，我们今天要讲的是动词加 "to"。
These are...you could call them a group of verbs, and they always need to have "to" after them, plus, they always need to have an object.
这些是......你们可以把它们称为一组动词，它们后面总是需要加上 "to"，另外经常要接宾语。
And the reason they need to have an object is because they're transitive verbs.
它们需要接宾语的原因是因为它们是及物动词。
And that's a grammar word that means: this verb needs to have an object, otherwise it's incorrect and it's not good English.
那是一个语法词，意思是这个动词需要加上宾语，否则就是不正确的，就不是规范的英语。
So we're looking at some of the verbs that I come across a lot that people get wrong.
我们要看的是我经常发现人们用错的一些动词。
So they're using...they're not using a "to" when they use that verb, and we're looking at that.
他们用这个动词的时候后面没有加上 "to"，我们要来讲这个。
So, let's start and check how much you actually know with a couple of sentences.So, our first sentence: "He phoned to me."
我们开始吧，用几个句子检查一下你们真正知道多少。我们的第一个句子："He phoned to me."。

What do you think about that one? Is that right? Is that one wrong?
你们觉得这个怎么样？这是对的还是错的？
Well, "phone" is not in this group of verbs.It's not a transitive verb.
"phone" （打电话）不在这组动词里。它不是及物动词。
We don't need "to" with that one.Now it's correct: "He phoned me."What about this one?"I need to speak to him."
这个动词后不需要加 "to"。现在就对了："He phoned me." （他给我打了电话）。这一个呢？"I need to speak to him." （我需要跟他讲话）
How is that one? Is that one good English?"I need to speak...", this one...this bit's okay.
那一个怎么样？那是规范的英语吗？"I need to speak... "，这个部分没问题。
This is not "verb"+"to" here, this is just the infinitive.
这不是动词加 "to" 的结构，这里只是不定式。
When we have one verb, and then we're following it with another verb in the present simple, that's why that "to" is there.
当我们要在一个动词后加上另一个一般现在时的动词时，我们就要在中间加上 "to"。
That's not what we're talking about.But after "speak", is it right here? Yes.In this example it's right.
这和我们现在讲的不是一回事。但是 "speak" 后面加的这个 "to" 是对的吗？是。在这个例句里是对的。
But I'm a very naughty person, because I didn't put a full stop there, should be a full stop there.
但我是个很顽皮的人，因为我没有就此打住，应该在这里结束的。
And let's look at this example: "Who am I speaking to?"Or sometimes: "Whom am I speaking to?"
我们来看一下这个例句："Who am I speaking to？"。或者有时候也可以说："Whom am I speaking to？"。
What about this one? Is this one correct?Yeah, they're both correct.
这个呢？这个是正确的吗？对，这两个都是正确的。
In speech, you'll probably hear: "Who am I speaking to?"
在口语中，你可能会听到："Who am I speaking to？" （我在和谁说话？）
But formally, it would be: "whom" with an "m" written out, or sometimes said in speech that way.
但是正式来说，应该是 "whom"，要把 "m" 写出来，或者有时候口语中会那么说。
So now, let's look at examples of "verb"+"to".These are all verbs that you should be using with "to" after them.
现在我们来看看动词加 "to" 的例子。这些动词后面全都要用 "to"。
And what I usually observe is people using these verbs, but without the "to", and it doesn't sound right then.
我经常看到的是，人们用这些动词的时候不加 "to"，那样的话就不对了。
So let's look at some example sentences."Speak to": "I don't speak to Sarah."
所以我们来看一些例句吧。首先是 "speak to" （和......讲话）：I don't speak to Sarah." （我不和 Sarah 讲话）。
And notice how the "to" doesn't sound like "to" anymore."I don't speak to Sarah."
注意一下，这里的 "to" 听起来不像 "to" 了。“我不和 Sarah 讲话。”
It just becomes a schwa, we don't...we don't say it like the individual word itself.
它直接变成了非重读音节的元音，我们不把它完完整整地读出来。
Next example, "talk to": "Talk to them for me."
下一个例子，"talk to" （和......交谈）："Talk to them for me." （替我跟他们讲话）。
Don't know what accent that was, it just kind of came out.Yeah, we "talk to someone", we need an object.
我也不知道这种口音从哪儿来的，就是脱口而出了。没错，要用 "talk to someone"，后面要加上宾语。
"Listen to", this is very good advice for all people: "You should listen to me."
"listen to" （听）："You should listen to me." （你应该听我的），这是给大家的很好的建议。
It'd be worth it, trust me.Here's a gap, nothing to learn here.
不会白听的，相信我。这里是空白的，这儿没什么可学的。
But now we've got "reply to": "I'm sure he'll reply to us."
现在我们来讲 "reply to" （回复）："I'm sure he'll reply to us." （我相信他会回复我们的）。
I almost put: "I'm sure he'll reply to me", and then it felt a bit personal, so I put "us" there.
我差点就写了 "I'm sure he'll reply to me"，但是我感觉这有点太私人了，所以我就改成了 "us"。
Next example, "write to", you always "write to someone", but what I commonly hear people not using "to" with this one.
下一个例子，"write to" （给......写信），一般它的用法是 "write to someone"，但是我时常听到人们用这个动词的时候不加 "to"。
"I'll write to them a. s. a. p."Clever points for you if you know what that means.
"I'll write to them a.s.a.p" （我会尽快给他们写信的。）如果你们知道这是什么意思的话，给你加上一分，太聪明了。
That means "as soon as possible".And "belong to": "Excuse me, does this belong to you?"
它的意思是“尽快”。还有 "belong to" （属于）："Excuse me，does this belong to you？" （不好意思，这是你的吗？）。
You don't want to have someone come up to you and ask you that at the train station.You'd get in trouble in England for that.
在火车站的时候你可不希望有人走上前问你这个问题。在英国遇到这种情况你就有麻烦了。
When we come back, we're going to look at some more examples of "verb"+"to".Let's take a look at common errors with "verb"+"to".
我们回来后再看一些动词加 "to" 的例子。我们来看看动词加 "to" 的常见错误。
So with these...these verbs here, even though they feel like or seem like they're similar to the verbs that we looked at before
这里的这些动词，虽然它们看上去和我们前面讲过的动词很像，
because they're to do with communication, these ones don't take "to".
因为它们也和交流沟通有关，但是这些动词后面不加 "to"。
So sometimes I'm observing mistakes with these verbs, and that's what I want you to know.
有时候我会看到与这些动词有关的错误，我想让你们知道。
So in our example sentences, these are all wrong, we need to make changes.
在我们的例句中，这些全都是错的，我们要修改一下。
"I phone to him.", no "to", we don't need "to"."She called to me.", no "to", you're starting to get it now, no "to".
"I phone to him."，不加 "to"，这里不需要加 "to"。"She called to me."，不加 "to"，你们现在开始懂了，不加 "to"。
"We emailed to them." No "to"."They won't answer to us." Again, no "to".
"We emailed to them."，不加 "to"。"They won't answer to us."，还是不加 "to"。
"Will you ask to Sarah?" Again, no "to".We don't need "to" with these verbs.
"Will you ask to Sarah？"，还是不加 "to"。这些动词后面都不需要加 "to"。
What else is there to know?Well, if you...if you want to speak American English, know that there's an exception.
还有什么你们要知道的？如果你想讲美式英语，要知道这里有个例外。
In British English, we can't say this: "He wrote me."Can't say that; doesn't work in British English.
在英式英语中，我们不能说 "H wrote me."。不能那么说，在英式英语中这样说是不行的。
But in colloquial/informal American English, it's okay.
但是在口语或非正式的美式英语中，这样说是没关系的。
And I just want to point out one that I'm hearing a lot: "They replied me."
我只是想指出一个我经常听到的："They replied me."。
It's not okay in British English and it's not okay in American English either.
这在英式英语中是不行的，在美式英语中也是不行的。
Maybe...maybe language is evolving a bit, and that's why people are saying it, but as it stands, not okay, I hear this one quite a lot.
也许语言有所发展，所以大家都这么说，但是按照实际情况来说，这是不行的，我经常听到有人这么说。
When we come back, we're taking a look at making questions with "verb"+"to".
我们回来后看一看用动词加 "to" 提问。
One issue you should know about "verb"+"to" is that when we do questions, some people don't like it.
关于动词加 "to" 你们应该知道的一个问题是，当我们作问句时，有些人不喜欢这样。
Some people don't like it to say: "Who is he speaking to?"For them, it's really ugly, they don't like it.
有些人不喜欢说 "Who is he speaking to？" （他在和谁说话？）。他们觉得这太丑了，不喜欢这样的结构。
But there's a way to avoid it.If you want to avoid it, you have to change the position of your sentence.
但是有一个办法可以避免这种结构。如果你想避开这种结构，就必须改变句子的位置。
So, "to" goes from the end to the beginning, and importantly, then you need to change your pronoun.So "who" has to change to be "whom".
所以要把 "to" 从句末提前到句首，重要的是要换代词。要把 "who" 换成 "whom"。
When this pronoun is in the object position of a sentence, that's when we add the "m".
当代词位于句子中的宾语位置时，我们要加上 "m" 这个词尾。
Anyway, you don't really need to worry about the grammar, the why,
不管怎样，你们不用担心语法以及为什么要这么做，
because it's confusing when I talk about object and subject for a lot of people who don't know about grammar.
因为我讲宾语和主语的时候很多人都听不明白，因为他们不懂语法。
All you need to do is just learn how to rearrange it.
你们要做的就是学会如何重新安排它的位置。
So you move "to" to the beginning, and then it's always "to whom", and then you finish the rest of the words.
所以就是要把 "to" 移到句首，然后变成 "to whom"，接着写完剩下的单词。
And that way, you don't have "to" at the end.In informal or neutral speech, this is really common, people will say this.
这样句子就不是以 "to" 结尾了。在非正式或中性口语中，这个特别常见，人们会这么说。
But it can be seen as inelegant or not very sophisticated if you write it.I probably wouldn't write it myself.
但是如果你这么写的话，会被认为不雅或不是很高级。我自己可能不会这么写。
Yeah, maybe in chat or something, but not in...not in a proper letter or something.
嗯，可能闲聊或怎么样的时候会这样，但是在正式信件什么的中不会这样写。
Here's another, here's another example.Let's see here: "Who did you write to?"
下面是另一个例子。我们来看这里："Who did you write to？" （你给谁写了信？）。
Well, we don't want to finish with "to", so we need to rearrange.
我们不想用 "to" 结尾，所以需要重新排列一下。
Again, it comes to be "To whom", that's easy; we just did the same.
还是一样，把它变成 "To whom"，这很简单，做法是一样的。
"To whom did you write?"And the verb, the main verb goes at the end.
这样就变成了 "To whom did you write？"。动词，主动词放在了句尾。
The auxiliary verb is next to "whom", so we just change the order like that.
而助动词放到了 "whom" 后面，我们就是这样换了一下顺序。
That's all I'm going to tell you about "verb"+"to".If you want to do more practice, please go to the EngVid website.
我要跟你们讲的关于动词加 "to" 的内容就这么多。如果你们想多做一些练习，请登陆 EngVid 网站。
You can do a quiz, 10 questions in a quiz, and that way, you know next time you need to use these verbs-"speak to", "talk to", all those verbs-you know that you're saying them in the right way.
你们可以做个小测验，测验中有十道题，这样你们下次要用这些动词，比如 "speak to"，"talk to" 等等的时候就知道你们的用法是正确的了。
You're using "to" when it's needed, and in those exceptions that I mentioned to you, you know you're not using "to" where it doesn't belong.
这样就能在需要用 "to" 的时候加上 "to"，而在那些我跟你们讲过的例外的动词后面，你们就知道不能在不合适的情况下加 "to" 了。
If you like this lesson, I'd really appreciate it if you subscribe to the channel.
如果你们喜欢这节课，就请订阅这个频道，我会非常感激的。
And have I mentioned everything? I think I mentioned everything.
都讲完了吗？我想所有的都讲到了。
So that's all I'm going to talk about today, please come back and watch me again.And yeah, until next time, bye.
那么我今天要讲的内容就这些了，欢迎你们再回来观看我的视频。下次见啦，再见。