Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's lesson, we are going to talk about...can you guess? Driving.
大家好，我叫Emma，在今天的课上我们要来讲讲......你们能猜到吗？我们要来讲讲开车。
I'm going to teach you 10 common driving verbs. So let's get started.
我会教你们十个与开车有关的常见动词。那我们开始吧。
Okay, and these are pretty common, some of them are very, very common; you hear every day.
这些动词都很常见，其中有一些非常非常常见，每天都能听到。
So the very first one is probably the most common word you will hear when it comes to driving: "Brake" or "Hit the brakes".
第一个可能是讲到开车时你们最常听到的单词，那就是"Brake" 或"Hit the brakes"（刹车）。
What is "the brakes"? "The brakes" is what stops the car.
"the brakes"是什么？它是让汽车停下来的东西。
I put a big "X" here because when you brake, you don't go; you stop.
我在这儿画个了个大大的"X"，因为当你踩刹车的时候，你就不走了，就停下来了。
So, if you and I are in a car, we're driving, I'm driving very fast and suddenly there's a stop sign, you can say: "Emma, brake." Or: "Emma, hit the brakes."
假设你和我在一辆车里，我们在开车，我开得非常快，然后突然出现了一个停车标志，那你就可以说：“Emma，brake”或者"Emma, hit the brakes."
It means: "Emma, stop. Stop the car." Okay.And notice it's not: "Hit brakes", "Hit the brakes".
意思是“Emma，停下来，停车”。注意，这里不是"Hit brakes"，而是"Hit the brakes"，要加定冠词"the"。

And because there's more than one brake in a car: "Hit the brakes."
因为一辆车里不只一个刹车，所以要加定冠词写成"Hit the brakes"。
Okay, our second common verb is a very bad thing to do: "Run a red light."
好了，我们的第二个常见的动词是一个很坏的行为："Run a red light"（闯红灯）。
So, first of all, red light, when you're driving, you might come to something that looks like this where you'll have a green light, a yellow light, and a red light.
首先，red light（红灯），你们开车的时候可能会遇到这样的东西，上面有一个绿色的灯，一个黄色的灯和一个红色的灯。
Green, of course, means go, what does red mean? It means to stop.
绿灯的意思显然是通行，那红灯是什么意思呢？它的意思是停止。
So if you don't hit the brakes, and you see the red and you keep driving, and you drive fast even though you see the red, it means you run a red light.
所以如果你没有踩刹车，你看见显示的是红灯还一直往前开，虽然你看到了红灯但还是开得很快，那就是说你闯了红灯。
So this is a very bad thing to do: "Run a red light."And notice...we have an article there, so what's an example?
"Run a red light"是一个很坏的行为。还有注意这个词组里面要加冠词，有什么例句呢？
Yesterday...this isn't true, yesterday, I was driving, I ran a red light, I didn't hit the brakes.
昨天......这不是真的，昨天我在开车的时候闯了红灯，我没有踩刹车。
Number three, another common verb we use when we're talking about driving: "Cut someone off".
第三个，我们在讲到开车时经常使用的另一个动词是"Cut someone off"（打断，超车挡住）。
Okay, now this is a phrasal verb, very important.
这是一个动词词组，非常重要。
First of all, before I tell you the meaning, with phrasal verbs, you can have a different preposition and it can mean something totally different.
首先，在我告诉你们它的意思之前，我要说的是，在动词词组中你可以使用不同的介词，而这个词组的意思也会因此截然不同。
For this: "Cut someone off", "off" is the preposition we're using.Now, what does it mean to cut someone off?
在"cut someone off"这个词组中，我们用的介词是"off"。"cut someone off"是什么意思呢？
Okay, when you cut someone off...pretend I'm driving, vroom, vroom. What happens?
当你"cut someone off"时......假设我在开车，嗡嗡嗡，会发生什么呢？
Someone comes in front of me very fast. Okay? This can cause an accident.
某个人会很快地把车开到我前面，这可能会导致交通事故的。
If you cut someone off, again, it's a bad thing, it means you drive in front of someone very fast and you don't give them a lot of room.
如果你超车挡住别人，这也是件不好的事情，它的意思是你很快地把车开到别人前面，不给他们很多位置。
So: "Cut someone off", we cannot say: "I cut off someone", "I cut someone off". Okay.
这种情况下就可以使用"cut someone off"，我们不能说"I cut off someone"，要把off放在人后面，"I cut someone off"，知道了吗？
In terms of this also...so, again, it's important to notice the "off", we can also use it in a conversation.
还是这个词组，一定要十分注意这里的介词"off"，我们还可以把它用在对话中。
If you're talking to someone and someone interrupts you, you just cut them off.
如果你在跟一个人讲话，而某人打断了你，那你就是cut them off（打断他们）。
Okay? You cut someone off, oh, sorry, they cut you off.
知道了吗？可以用" You cut someone off"，哦，对不起，是"they cut you off"（他们打断了你）。
So an example: "I'm sorry, I have to cut you off." Meaning: "I have to interrupt."
给你们一个例句："I'm sorry, I have to cut you off."，意思是“对不起，我必须打断”。
Number four: "Tailgate", if you tailgate someone, this is another bad thing.
第四个动词："tailgate"（紧随前车行驶），如果你tailgate别人，这又是一件坏事。
So this is bad, bad, bad, tailgate is when you drive too close to someone else.
所以我们已经讲了三种坏行为了，"tailgate"就是你开车的时候离别人的车非常非常近。
So your car is here, someone's here, it means they're tailgating you.
比如你的车在这里，而别人的在这儿，那就是说他们在对你追尾行驶。
"That man tailgated me.", "I was tailgated by that man." Example sentences.
这里的例句是："That man tailgated me."（那个人紧随着我的车行驶） "I was tailgated by that man." （我被那个人追尾了）。
Now, for running a red light, cutting someone off, and tailgating someone, you may be "pulled over" by the police.
如果你闯红灯、超车挡住别人或追尾行驶，那你可能会因此被警察要求"pull over"（靠边停车）。
"Pulled over", can you guess what that means?
你们能猜到"pulled over"是什么意思吗？
If you're pulled over, it means someone, maybe a police officer stops you, and you pull your car to the side of the road.
如果你被要求靠边停车了，意思就是某人，也许是一位警官让你停下来，你把车停在路的一边。
So, "pull over" means you're driving and then you move your car to the side of the road and stop.
所以"pull over"的意思是你正在开车，然后你把车开到路的一边停了下来。
You know, maybe, for example: you hear an ambulance, you might pull over, meaning you might go to the side and stop the car, I hope you do that.
比如，你听到一辆救护车正开过来，你可能会靠边停车，也就是你可能会把车开到路边，然后停车，我希望你会这么做。
So now let's look at 10 more driving verbs, did I say 10? I meant five more, sorry, guys.
现在我们再看十个与开车有关的动词吧，我是不是说了十个？对不起朋友们，我的意思是再看五个。
Okay, so our next one on the list is like the previous one.
好了，我们的下一个动词和上一个很像。
We said: "Pull over", "The police pulled me over.", this one also uses the word "pull", but it's a phrasal verb.
我们说了"pull over"，"The police pulled me over."（警察让我靠边停车），这一个也用了"pull"这个动词，但它是个动词词组。
We have a different preposition, instead of "Pull over", now we're saying: "Pull out of".
这里换了一个介词，它不是"pull over"，而是"pull out of"（从......驶离，从......开出）。
So this has a different meaning, even though both verbs are "pull".
所以它的意思大不一样，虽然两个里面的动词都是"pull"。
So "pull out of" means you're going backwards or forwards out of a small space, usually, it's a parking lot or a driveway.
"pull out of" 的意思是向前或向后从一个小地方出来，通常是从一个停车场或车道出来。
So usually you park your car in your driveway, and you go forward, you look, make sure no other cars are coming, you pull out of your driveway, you pull out of the parking lot.
所以通常你会把车停在你家的车道上，然后你往前开，看看确保前方没有来车，然后你从车道开出来，从停车场把车开出来。
Okay, next one, I like this word: "Accelerate", "accelerate".
下一个，我喜欢这个单词:"accelerate"（加速）。
It's not only used for driving, what "accelerate" means is to go fast, to go faster.
这不仅能用于开车，"accelerate"的意思是快，变得更快。
When you accelerate, you start going faster than before.
当你加速时，你开始变得比以前更快。
So, if you're going on the highway, you will be accelerating; you will need to go faster, so "accelerate" means to go faster.
如果你要上高速了，你会加速，你需要开得更快一些，所以"accelerate"的意思是变得更快。
Similar to "Accelerate", "Speed".
与"accelerate"相似的是"speed"（超速）。
First, if you're speeding, it means you're going too fast.
首先，如果你在speeding，意思是你开得太快了。
So: "I was speeding", means: "I was going too fast."
所以"I was speeding"的意思是“我开得太快了”。
"Speed up" is the same as "accelerate", "I sped up.", "You have to speed up.", "You have to accelerate."
"speed up"（提速）和"accelerate"的意思是一样的，可以说"I sped up."， "You have to speed up."， "You have to accelerate."
So, "speed up" and "accelerate" are pretty much the same things.
"speed up"和"accelerate"差不多是一个意思，都是加速的意思。
But without the "up", "speed" it means you're going too fast.
但是去掉"up"只用"speed"的话，它的意思就变成了超速。
"I was speeding.", "He was speeding.", "Don't speed." Okay.
可以说"I was speeding.", "He was speeding.", "Don't speed."。
Next one: "Make a u-turn", so this is a verb: "make".
下一个："Make a u-turn"（掉头），这里的动词是"make"。
You can do a lot of things with the verb "make", "make a cake", "make art"; you can do a lot of things with "make".
很多事情都可以用"make"这个动词来表达，可以说"make a cake"（做蛋糕）, "make art"（搞艺术），可以用"make"做很多事情。
One thing you can also do is: "Make a u-turn", what's a "u-turn"?
你们还能做的一件事是："make a u-turn"，"u-turn"（大转弯，掉头）是什么呢？
When you're driving and you realize: "Oh, no, I'm going the wrong way, I'm going this way, but I want to be going that way."
你在开车的时候突然意识到：“哦，不，我走错路了，我现在在这条路上，但是我想走的是那条路。”
What do you do? You turn your car like a "u".
你该怎么办呢？按照"u"形调转车头。
So you're going down this way, you turn, and you go the other way. That's a "u-turn".
你在这条路上，掉头，然后就到了另一条路上，那就是"u-turn"。
Finally, number 10: "Park".
最后，第十个动词："park"（公园，停车）。
So a park is a place you go; you can go to the park, you can go on swings, you can go down a slide.
名词的"park"是你可以去的一个地方，你可以去公园荡秋千、滑滑梯。
When we're talking about driving, "park" which is...can be a verb, means to stop the car, but it's different than brake.
我们在讲开车时，"park"可以作为一个动词使用，它的意思是停车，但是和"brake"又不一样。
"Brake", you stop the car but then you're going to go again, you brake at a red light.
"brake"就是停下车但是稍后还会继续开，比如在红灯时刹车。
"Park" is when you stop the car and you turn it off.
而"park"是停车然后熄火。
So I hope you guys are all good at parking, it's a very difficult skill to have.
希望你们都很擅长停车，这是个很难练就的技能。
So to practice these words, I invite you to come visit our website at www. engvid. com, we have a test you can do there; great practice.
为了练习这些单词，我邀请你们登陆我们的网站www. engvid. com，你们可以在那儿做一个我们准备的测验，很棒的练习。
So, until next time, I hope you drive safe, I hope you don't do any of the speeding, I hope you don't do any of these dangerous behaviors, be careful on these roads.So, until next time, take care.
下次见，希望你们都能安全驾驶，不要超速行驶，希望你们不会做出这其中任何一种危险行为，上路时要多加小心。那下次见啦，保重。