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本片说明：

本片选自BBC记录篇，名为《英国史》。对于一个不了解英国历史的人来说，本片是很好的教材。本片再现了英国文明的成长历程，从巨石文化的新石器时代到辉煌的伊丽莎白时代，穿越17世纪暴乱的国内战争到日不落大不列颠帝国。这是一个生动的，有些情景可以说是血腥的故事。它有15个章节组成。

解说词

A cherished tradition has it that when Elizabeth heard the news

据传说 1558年11月17日那天

that she was to become queen, on November 17th, 1558,

伊丽莎白坐在一棵古橡树下

she was seated beneath an ancient oak tree.

听闻了她即将成为女王的消息

Her first words were from Psalm 118,

她当时说的第一句话 出自《圣经》118章

"A domino factum est mirabile in oculis nostris"

这是耶和华所为 在我们眼中视为神奇

This is the Lord's doing and it is marvelous in our eyes.

这是耶和华所为 在我们眼中视为神奇

She was right, it was marvelous.

她说的对 这是主神奇的安排

In fact, it was little short of a miracle that she had made it to that day alive.

事实上 与其说是奇迹不如说这是她努力的结果

Tudor royal politics were a bloody affair, especially for Tudor women.

都铎王朝的统治是惨无人道的 尤其是对王室的女人而言

She had been only two, after all, when her mother, Anne Boleyn, had gone to the scaffold,

因为当时她的母亲安妮·博林 被押上绞刑架时 她只有两岁

her sin, in Henry's mind at least, being her failure to produce a son.

她的罪责——至少在亨利国王的眼中 就是没能生下男嗣

It must have been a body possessed by others, by the devil.

她的身体定已被恶魔附身

An unclean piece of flesh, it had to be cut away.

而这样的不洁之身必须被除掉

So Elizabeth would never be free from suspicion.

因此 伊莉莎白成长在众多猜忌之中

Out of her dark Boleyn eyes, she watched herself being watched.

她用那双继承自母亲的深色瞳眸清楚地看见自己处于监控之下

Inevitably, there were times when her guard was down.

而她也曾不可避免地放松自我保护
生词精学

1. cherish

双语释义：keep (a feeling or an idea) in one's mind or heart and think of it with pleasure

怀有（某种感情或想法）

典型例句：He cherishes the illusion that she's in love with him.

他怀有一种幻想, 认为她已经爱上他了。

2. politics

双语释义：political views, beliefs

政治观点; 政治信仰

典型例句：He's always at odds with his father over politics.

在政治上他总和父亲意见不一。

My politics are well to the left of center.

我的政治观点很靠左翼。

3. bloody

双语释义：cruel; bloodthirsty

adj. 残忍的; 嗜血成性的

典型例句：We were greatly afflicted at the bloody sight.

看到那残忍的情景我们感到很难过。

4. scaffold

双语释义：platform on which criminals are executed

n. 绞架; 断头台

典型例句：He was about to be led to the scaffold when at the eleventh hour a messenger arrived bringing a royal pardon.

就在他要被带上断头台的最后时刻，一名使者带来了女王的赦免令。

5. suspicion

双语释义：a feeling that sb has done sth wrong, illegal or dishonest, even though you have no proof

n. 猜疑, 怀疑

典型例句：We regard her behaviour with suspicion.

我们对她的行为有怀疑。

He was arrested on suspicion of having stolen the money.

他因涉嫌偷那笔钱而被捕。

6. inevitably

双语释义：as is certain to happen

adv.不可避免地

典型例句：Inevitably, a quarrel followed between the two sides.

双方随後不可避免地争吵起来。

Tudor n. 英国都德王室

短语诠释

1. in our eyes：在某人的眼中

例句：Such acts lowered him in our eyes.

这种行为降低了他在我们心目中的地位。

2. in fact：事实上

例句：In fact it was quite as well that she should not know.

事实上，她确实还是不知道为妙。

3. little short of ：简直是，近于，几乎是

例句：It would be little short of a miracle if she recovered.

如果她能够痊愈康复，那差不多是奇迹了。

4. a bloody affair for sb：对于某人来说是残忍的事情

例句：It is a bloody affair for little Mary that her parents got divorced.

5. after all：毕竟，终究

例句：I'll have to go to my aunt's funeral she was my own flesh and blood after all.

我得参加我姑姑的葬礼－－她是我的亲人哪。

6. go to the scaffold：上断头台；被处死刑；上绞刑台

例句：She went to the scaffold when she was 19.

她19岁时就被判处死刑，送上断头台。

7. in one’s mind：在某人的脑海中

例句：Her image was fixed in his mind.

她的形象深深印在他的脑海里。

8. at least：至少

例句：She's completely homeless at least I have my parents to fall back on.

她是真正无家可归--我至少有父母可依靠。

9. an unclean piece of flesh：不洁之身

10.cut away：切掉，切除

例句：They cut away all the dead branches from the tree.

他们把树上的枯枝通通砍掉了。

11. be free from：不受，免于，没有

例句：When her son returned she was at last free from anxiety.

她儿子回来了，她总算解除了忧虑。

难句分析

1. A cherished tradition has it that when Elizabeth heard the news that she was to become queen on November 17th, 1558, she was seated beneath an ancient oak tree.

【解析1】beneath是文学用语，在诗文中常见，相当于under。

seat在这里做动词用，意思是“使坐下”，那么表示“坐下，坐下”，用被动语态——be seated。

cherish是“持有（观念，想法）”的意思，这里用其过去分词，意思是“被（人们）所认为的，为（众人）所认为的”。

【解析2】A tradition has it that可以视为口语或写作的句型，意思是“据说，传说，相传”，也可以简化为“Tradition has it that...”。

从语法的角度看，that后面的句子为同位语从句，该句子“when Elizabeth heard the news that she was to become queen on November 17th, 1558, she was seated beneath an ancient oak tree”是同位语从句，其同位词是tradition，补充说明“tradition”的具体内容是什么。再如：

Tradition has it that all Confucius's students had planted trees native to their own birthplace here so that there is now a wide variety of trees.（相传，孔子的弟子都将故乡的良种树木移植到这里，因此树木品种甚多。）

【解析3】解析2中的同位语从句“when Elizabeth heard the news that she was to become queen on November 17th, 1558, she was seated beneath an ancient oak tree”又含有一个同位语从句为“that she was to become queen on November 17th, 1558”，其同为词是news，补充说明“news”的具体内容。

2. In fact, it was little short of a miracle that she had made it to that day alive.

【解析】alive在这里的意思是“存在的”，是形容词，做名词day的后置定语，它通常不放在名词前作定语。再如：

He’s the happiest man alive. 他在世界上最幸福的人。

2. She had been only two, after all, when her mother, Anne Boleyn, had gone to the scaffold, her sin in Henry's mind at least being her failure to produce a son.

【解析】her sin in Henry's mind at least being her failure to produce a son是独立主格的结构。独立主格中at least和in Henry’s mind都是修饰名词sin的。

3. It must have been a body possessed by others, by the devil.

【解析】possessed by others, by the devil是过去分词做后置定语，修饰body。

4. Out of her dark Boleyn eyes, she watched herself being watched.

【解析1】句中的有2个watch，一个是“watch”是“看到”的意思，第二个“watch”是“监视”的意思。

【解析2】句中有watch这个词是注意其后的宾语的补足语是动词的话，要使用现在分词形式。上句中herself是翻身代词做宾语，表示“被监视”，watch要使用被动语态，系动词用be，要用现在分词，所以在这里就使用being。

【解析3】out of意思是“从.......”的意思，相当于from，这句中可以改为from her dark Boleyn eyes。Eyes的前面加上了一个姓氏，表示“传承其母亲Boleyn的眼睛的特征”。

语篇赏析

第一、语篇层次意思：

上面的解说词说到四层意思：

1、成为女王的时间和地点：1958年11月17日，地点是在一根老橡树下。

2、得知成为女王时的心理：认为是耶和所赐，她是没预料到的。而实际上这是她自己的努力而得到。

3、伊丽莎白一世母亲的遭遇：由于为没亨利国王有生下儿子而惨遭杀害。

4、伊丽莎白一世的遭遇：两岁就失去了母亲，由于是个女孩，而且还遭受到王室的监视，一直生活在被猜疑是否是皇室血统的怀疑之中。

第二，描写手法：

在解说第三层意思时采用了“倒叙”的手法。