试听正文

声明：

该节目由可可原创。

备注：

本期视频选自BBC记录篇《英国史》之《女王的一生》。

精彩视觉：

;

精彩解说：

The celebrations at her coronation were carefully designed

她的加冕仪式经过了精心的设计，

to show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue.

竭力将这位年轻的女王打造成美德的典范。

This charade of piety, though,

但这种虚伪的虔诚

was hardly enough to compensate for the misfortune of

having another woman on the throne.

几乎不能够补偿女性在执政中所遭受到的不幸厄运。

All the same, the skeptics must have been reassured

尽管如此，伊丽莎白使质疑者们放下心来

by Elizabeth's precocious self-possession, the air of controlled energy

就靠她的镇定自若和驾驭能力

she exuded in public right from the start.

从一开始在公众场合流露出来。

You might suppose

您可能会觉得

that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal,

她在议会的首次亮相一定是备受嘲讽。

but what the councilors saw was

但据说当时她给议员们的印象

not some girlish ingenue,

并非是什么天真无邪的少女，

but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority.

而是一位极富男权威望的国王伊丽莎白的所作所为。

词汇精讲

第一、动词精讲

1. design

双语释义：think of and plan (a system, procedure, etc)

想出, 计划（一系统﹑ 步骤等）；谋划

典型例句：Can anyone design a better timetable?

有人能定出更好的时间表吗?

We shall have to design a new curriculum for the third year.

我们得设计出三年级的新课程。

2. compensate

双语释义：give (sb) sth good to balance or lessen the bad effect of damage, loss, injury, etc

补偿；赔偿；报偿

语法用法：~ (sb) for sth：因......补偿

典型例句：Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health.
失去健康是无法补偿的。

Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one.

失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。

3. reassure

语法用法：~ sb (about sth)

双语释义：to say or do sth that makes sb less frightened or worried; remove sb's fears or doubts

消除某人的恐惧或疑虑; 恢复某人的信心; 使某人放心（安心）

典型例句：The police reassured her about her child's safety.

警方让她放心, 她的孩子很安全。

The doctor reassured him that there was nothing seriously wrong.

医生安慰他说他没有什么严重的病。

They tried to reassure her, but she still felt anxious.

他们设法让他放心，但是她还是焦虑不安。

4. exude

双语释义：give out or radiate an air or feeling of (sth)

流露出对（某事物）的神态或感情

典型例句：My son exuded cheerfulness at the ball.

我的儿子在舞会上流露出愉快的神情。

He exudes confidence and energy.

他信心十足，精力充沛。

第二、名词精讲

1. celebration

双语释义：a special event that people organize in order to celebrate sth

C.N. 庆祝

语法用法：~s（用做复数）

birthday / wedding celebrations

4. self-possession

双语释义：feeling of certainty; trust in one's own ability

很有把握; 自信心；沉着，镇定，泰然自若：完全控制自己的能力、感情或举止

典型例句：He answered the questions with self-possession.

他很有把握地回答了那个问题。

You are too shy: you should have more self-possession in yourself.

你太缩手缩脚了，应该增强自信心。

5. charade

双语释义：a situation in which people pretend that sth is true when it clearly is not

荒唐可笑又显而易见的伪装；易识破的伪装

典型例句：My friend went through the charade of a public apology.

我的朋友做了个虚伪的公开道歉。

Their whole marriage had been a charade-they had never loved each other.

6. piety

双语释义：act showing the state of having or showing a deep respect for sb/sth, especially for God and religion

虔敬, 虔诚；虔诚的行为或语言

典型例句：known for her piety, she would walk miles to attend communion services in the neighboring villages.

她的虔诚是出了名的，她会步行几英里去参加邻村的圣餐仪式。

7. ordeal

双语释义：difficult or painful experience (esp one that tests a person's character or powers of endurance)

苦难经历; （尤指对品格﹑ 耐力的）严峻考验；磨难，折磨，煎熬

语法用法：~ (of sth / of doing sth)

典型例句：The hostages went through a dreadful ordeal.

个个人质都经历了可怕的折磨。

They are to be spared the ordeal of giving evidence in court.

他们将免受出庭作证的难堪。

The hostages spoke openly about the terrible ordeal they had been through.

人质公开陈述了他们所遭受到的非人的折磨。

The interview was less of an ordeal than she'd expected.

面试并非你想象的那么可拍。

8. appearance

双语释义：[C] an act of appearing in public, especially as a performer, politician, etc

露面; 出场

典型例句：His first appearance on stage was at the age of three.

他三岁时初次登台。

第四、词汇泛讲

1. coronation：加冕礼仪，加冕仪式

2. skeptic：怀疑者

3. girlish：少女气的，女孩子气的

4. ingenue：天真无邪的姑娘

5. authority：权威

6. precocious：早熟的

7. paragon：模范，典范

8. virtue：美德

9. manly：男子气概的，像男人的

短语诠释

1. show off：炫耀，显摆，卖弄

典型例句：They run around and talk and show off too much.

他们到处跑来跑去，吹牛，夸耀自己。

She likes to show off her nice figure by wearing tight dresses.

她总穿紧身衣来炫耀她的好身材。

2. on the throne：在位，在执政

典型例句：The young king was uneasy on the throne.

这位年轻的国王对身居王位感到很不自在。

He had been on the throne for barely eight months when he authorized this.

他批准这项措施时，登基才8个月。

3. all the same：仍然，尽管如此

典型例句：I tried to walk upstairs quietly but they woke up all the same.

我试图轻轻地上楼,可他们还是被吵醒了。

Henry is thought to be a good-for-nothing, but people like him all the same.

大家都觉得Henry是个无用的人,不过人们都挺喜欢他的。

4. at one’s coronation：在某人的加冕仪式上

典型例句：The queen's regalia at her coronation included her crown and scepter.

女王加冕时的王位宝器有王冠和权杖。

5. compensate for：弥补

典型例句：She used her good looks to compensate for her lack of intelligence.

她智力欠佳权以美貌弥补。

Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.

虚度光阴是无法补偿的（光阴一去不复还）。

7. in public：公开地，当众

典型例句：My little daughter likes reciting poetry in public.

我的小女儿喜欢当众背诵诗歌。

I admire him admitting his mistakes in public.

我赞赏他公开承认自已的错误。

8. from the start：从一开始

典型例句：My brother and my boyfriend hit it off right from the start.

我哥哥和我的男友两人一见如故。

Right from the start I was on Grandpa's side.

我一开始就偏向爷爷。

9. at the council：在议会上

典型例句：He made a speech at the council.

他在会议上发表了讲话。

At the council he was taciturn and never opened his lips.

在会议桌上他沉默寡言，从没张嘴巴。

6. exude the air：流露出这种神情

难句剖析

1. The celebrations at her coronation were carefully designed to show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue.

【结构剖析】这是一个简单句，使用了被动语态。

【要点解析】at her coronation是介词短语做定语，修饰前面的名词celebrations。

“Celebrations”使用复数是表示“为庆祝某人而组织筹划的特殊的事情”。

To show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue是动词不定式做目的状语。其中的as the paragon of virtue是介词短语做状语。

“Carefully”是副词放于系动词之后，实意动词之前。

2. This charade of piety, though, was hardly enough to compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne.

【结构剖析】这是一个简单句。

【要点解析】“though”是“然而”的意思，是副词，表示转折。

"Be not enough to do something"的意思是“不足以做某事”或者是“不能够做某事”。再如：

Having a bottle of soft drink is not enough to quench my thirst. 喝一瓶汽水不够解渴。

All her wiles were not enough to persuade them to sell the property. 她花言巧语也未能打动他们卖掉物业。

"To compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne"是动词不定式做目的状语。

其中的having another woman on the throne是动名词做定语，修饰misfortune，意思是让另一个女人执政中的厄运。Have在这里是使役动词，意思是“让，给”。

3. All the same, the skeptics must have been reassured by Elizabeth's precocious self-possession, the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start.

【结构剖析】这个句子是一个简单句。

【要点解析】all the same是副词性短语，在句中做状语。

句中的谓语结构是“must have been reassured”，可以看出使用了虚拟语气。这是情态动词must的虚拟语气的用法，它表示对过去事情的肯定猜测。

句子用了被动语态，by后面是连个并列名词性短语，一个是：Elizabeth's precocious self-possession，另一个是：the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start。

在第二个短语中的定语使用了过去分词作前置定语和一个限定性定语从句做定语。过去分词是controlled，它与被修饰词energy是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

“she exuded in public right from the start”这个定语从句同样修饰energy，energy是先行词。

此外，定语从句中的“in public”是介词短语做地点状语，“from the start”是介词短语做时间状语，“right”是副词，对from the start起到强调的作用。

4. You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal, but what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority.

【结构剖析】这是一个由并列连词连接的2个分句，一个是：You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal，另一个是：what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。

【要点解析】第一个分句中是含有宾语从句的复合句。主句中有suppose表示“猜测”的这个动词，那么宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气，谓语结构为：would have been，这个结构是表示推测。因为主句中使用一般过去时（might），那么从句中就要使用过去完成时(would have done)。
此外，at the council是介词短语做状语。

第二个分句中是名词性短句做主语（what the councilor saw）。谓语中使用了both....and这个短语连接了2个表语，第一个是：some girlish ingenue，some在这里的意思是“某个”。

第二个是：someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。这个名词短语中中含有一个定语从句who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority修饰先行词someone。先行词是不定代词，它指人，在定语从句中做主语，只能选择that这个关系代词，不能省略。

It was said是“据说”的意思，在这里做插入语，seem做系动词，full of manly authority做表语。从口语角度或写作的角度它都可视为套用句型。

历史轶事

伊丽莎白一世1533年9月7日出生于格林尼治，1603年3月24日逝世于萨里，于1558年11月17日至1603年3月24日任英格兰和爱尔兰女王，是都铎王朝的第五位也是最后一位君主。

她也是名义上的法国女王。她终身未嫁，因此被称为“童贞女王”。也被称为“荣光女王”（Gloriana）、“英明女王”（Good Queen Bess）。

在她之前的都铎王朝君主顺序是亨利七世、亨利八世、爱德华六世和她的异母姊玛莉一世。