5.Rialto Bridge
5.雷雅托桥
Instantly recognisable from both action adventures and romantic movies, the Rialto Bridge stretches across Venice's beautiful Grand Canal. The original bridge was a pontoon, built in 1181. This was replaced in 1255 by a fixed wooden bridge, which was damaged by fire in 1310. It was quickly found that wooden bridges need painstaking maintenance and even so, tended to degrade fairly quickly – as evidence by the bridge collapsing in 1444 and 1524 respectively. Finally, the decision was made to rebuild the bridge in stone and work was completed in 1591, after three years of construction. At the time the design of the bridge was so novel and unusual that critics predicted that the architect would be utterly ruined. Happily, this did not happen and the bridge quickly became an iconic sight, beloved by all.
雷雅托桥坐落于威尼斯美丽的大运河上，在动作冒险和爱情片中都可立即辨认出它的身影。这座桥建于1181年，最初是个浮筒，1255年被改造成固定的木桥，1310年毁于战火。人们很快发现，木桥需要辛勤的维修，且即便如此，损坏程度也相对较快——有证据表明，这座桥在1444年和1524年都发生过坍塌。最终，人们决定用石头重建这座桥，经过三年的修建，于1591年完工。在那个时候，这座桥的设计显得如此新奇、不同寻常，因此批判者们纷纷断言，建筑师们会因这座桥身败名裂。幸运的是，他们的预言并没有成真，这座桥很快成了一道标志性的风景，受众人爱戴。

4.Ponte Vecchio
4.维琪奥桥

The bridge, in the beautiful city of Florence in Italy, was constructed with shop premises as part of the building work. Originally home to butchers, the bridge shops now house jewellers, art dealers and souvenir shops. The Ponte Vecchio is believed to stand on the site of an ancient Roman bridge, constructed of sandstone and wood as far back as 996. Several bridges stood on the spot, but all were destroyed or swept away over time until 1345 when the present edifice was constructed. It is believed that the whole principle (and the very word itself) of bankruptcy comes from the Ponte Vecchio! Money changers would sell their wares from a table (banco). If they could not pay their debts, soldiers or rotto would break their table, deeming them banco-rotto or broken tabled. Without a table, they could no longer work. During the Second World War, the bridge was not broken or damaged by the Nazis, supposedly on the express orders of Hitler. If you wander along the bridge you will see many 'lovers locks' fastened around the railings of the bridge. The idea is that as a couple you buy and fasten the padlock in place (often with your names written or engraved on the lock) then throw the keys into the water, so that you are 'locked' together for eternity. More prosaically though, many of these locks have to be removed every year to prevent damage to the bridge and there are several signs declaring the practise to be taboo.
维琪奥桥位于意大利美丽的城市佛罗伦萨，与精品店共建而成。最初只有房屋、肉铺，如今桥周围已遍布珠宝店，艺术品和纪念品店。维琪奥桥是一座古罗马桥的遗址，其建造的砂岩和木材远及996年。在这个地方还有许多其他的古桥，但全部都遭到破坏或者被洪水冲走，直到1345年维琪奥桥建成。据说“破产”的定义（以及词本身）就是来自于维琪奥桥！货币兑换商会通过银行出售他们的商品。如果他们不能偿还债务，士兵就会砸烂银行，意为银行破产。没有银行，他们就无法继续工作。在第二次世界大战期间，可能按照希特勒的指示，这座桥并没有被纳粹破坏。如果你漫步于桥上，你会发现栏杆上锁有许多“同心锁”。这个想法来源于相爱的恋人将同心锁锁在一个地方（通常锁上会写有或者刻有你们的名字）然后将钥匙扔进水里，你们就会被紧紧地“锁”在一起，相爱到老。然而更现实的情况是，这种锁需要每年都进行清除以免对桥造成损坏，因此有明确标语禁止这种行为。

3.Brooklyn Bridge
3.布鲁克林大桥

Brooklyn Bridge is one of the oldest suspension bridges in the United States, connecting Manhattan to Brooklyn. The bridging of the East River was a lengthy and complicated business which saw many men suffering from compression sickness and getting injured in the dangerous working conditions of the time. The injuries and deaths were by no means confined to the working men with both of the men in charge of the project, John Roebling and then his son Washington Roebling, suffering crippling and painful injuries on the task. At the time of its construction it was the longest suspension bridge in the world, a title it held for many years thereafter. The bridge is now a much known and much-loved feature of New York and can be seen in many television shows and movies, especially those set in and around New York.
布鲁克林大桥是美国最老的悬索桥之一，连接着美国纽约州纽约市的曼哈顿与布鲁克林。东河段建桥过程是一段漫长并且复杂的工程，在当时极其危险的工作条件下，许多工人都饱受潜水病的折磨并且因此而受伤。病痛和死亡并没有限制工人和项目负责人，约翰•罗布林和他儿子华盛顿•罗布林，长期遭受这项工作造成的极端病痛的折磨。布鲁克林大桥是当时世界上最长的悬索桥，并且该称号保持多年。现在这座桥是纽约最著名最受欢迎的特色标志，在许多电视节目和电影中都会看到它的身影，尤其是那些在纽约周围取景的节目。

2.Golden Gate Bridge
2.金门大桥

Perhaps the most iconic bridge in the USA, the Golden Gate Bridge connects the San Francisco peninsula to Marin County. It has also been named one of the Wonders of the Modern World. The bridge replaced a long-running ferry service, enabling travellers to remain in their vehicle as they crossed the strait. The bridge was designed to avoid the demolition of Fort Point, which dates from before the Civil War and was deemed, even in 1933 (when construction began), to be worth preserving for posterity. Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937 and the festivities lasted a whole week, with some citizens becoming so over-excited that police had to quell a small riot that broke out. Sadly, the bridge has become popular with suicides (jumping or falling off the bridge will almost certainly kill you) with one death reported every two or three weeks.
金门大桥是美国最具标志性的桥，连接了旧金山半岛和马林县，被称为现代世界奇迹之一。这座桥取代了长期的渡轮服务，旅客能开车穿过直布罗陀海峡。这座桥保护要赛点而设计，这要追溯到内战前，金门桥在1933年（开始建设）就被认为值得保留给后代。金门大桥于1937年通车，庆祝活动持续了整整一个星期。一些公民变得非常兴奋，因此警察平息了一个小小的骚乱。可悲的是，桥梁因每两周或三周就有一次的自杀（跳桥或者坠桥都会导致死亡）死亡报道而闻名遐迩。

1.Tower Bridge
1.伦敦塔桥

Opened on the 30th June 1894, Tower Bridge is London's most iconic bridge and something of a symbol for the city. It is often confused with London Bridge, which is a much more nondescript bridge a short way up the river! Allegedly the most famous incidence of this was the purchase of London Bridge by an American gentleman who had the bridge shipped to Arizona and painstakingly rebuilt – however, the buyer in question later debunked this rumour. The upper levels of the bridge, formerly the rather unsavoury hang-out of prostitutes and thieves, were closed for many years, only reopening to the public in 1982 as part of the Tower Bridge Exhibition. Between 2008 and 2012 the bridge underwent a lengthy face-lift, leaving it sparkling clean and freshly painted ahead of the Summer Olympics. One of the most famous happy incidents on the bridge was in 1952 when a double-decker bus ventured onto the bridge while it was opening. With no time to retreat the plucky driver accelerated, jumping the bus over a three-foot gap onto the other side. He was awarded the princely sum of ten pounds by way of a reward!
伦敦塔桥是伦敦最具标志性的桥梁，也是伦敦的象征，于1894年6月30日对公众开放。经常有人把它与毫不起眼的伦敦桥混为一谈。据说最著名的误解事件是一位美国绅士购买了伦敦桥，误以为自己买了塔桥，把桥运到亚利桑那州，煞费苦心地重建。然而，买方后来才澄清了事实。该桥上层以前是妓女和小偷常光顾的地方，已关闭多年。只在1982年作为伦敦塔桥展览会的一部分向公众重新开放。在2008和2012之间，伦敦塔桥得以大变身，在夏季奥运会前粉刷一新、洁净如初。1952年发生了桥上最幸运的事件之一，当时一辆双层巴士在桥打开时冒险开到桥上，没有时间撤退，勇敢的司机立即加速，公共汽车跳跃三英尺的间隙，飞到桥的另一端。他因此获得十英镑的嘉奖！

翻译:李闻昱 审校：Aileen 来源:前十网