Despite all great jobs he did, Qin Shi Huang ruled as a ruthless tyrant.

尽管秦始皇有许多创举，但他却是个暴君。

To prevent future uprisings, Qin Shi Huang ordered to confiscate weapons, to destroy the city walls and military fortifications and to move the old nobles and magnates of the six states to Xianyang, Nanyang and Bashu so as to weaken their political and economic influence.

为了防范暴乱,秦始皇下令收缴散落在民间的兵器,拆毁各地的城墙和防御工事，迁徙各国的旧贵族和豪富到咸阳及南阳、巴蜀等地，以削弱他们的政治、经济势力。

To facilitate the movement of troops and the transportation of army provisions, the First Emperor ordered to build highways.

秦始皇为了方便调拨士卒和转运粮饷，又大修驰道。

Meanwhile, the Lingqu Canal was dug, which linked the Yangtze River and the Zhujiang River together.

同时开凿灵渠，沟通了长江和珠江水系。

Burning books and burying scholars alive were brutal suppression in ideological field with which the First Emperor repressed the dissenting ones, and exercised autocratic control over thinking and culture.

“焚书坑儒”事件则是秦始皇在意识形态领域内对不同政见士人的残酷镇压，是对思想文化的专制统治。

In 213 B. C. , at a court banquet, Chun Yuyue proposed to follow the conventions of fief system and granted titles and ands to the heroes and nobles.

公元前213年，秦始皇在咸阳宫举行宴会，博士齐人淳于越倡议，主张学古法，分封皇子功臣为诸侯。

Li Si, the Prime Minister held that these scholars were dangerous, so suggested that all historical records except those written by Qin historians be burned ； that the Books of Odes and Book of History and works by scholars of different schools except those stored by officials be handed in to the local authorities for burning； that anyone discussing these two particular books be executed； that those using ancient examples to criticize contemporary politics be put to death and their families killed ； that those who had not burned the listed books within 30 days be sentenced to four yearsJ service ； that books about medicine, divination, agriculture be preserved.

丞相李斯认为这样一群儒生是一种危险势力，于是提出了焚书的建议:“史官非秦记皆烧之。非博士官所职，天下敢有藏《诗》、《书》、百家语者，悉诣守、尉杂烧之。有敢偶语《诗》、《书》者弃市。以古 非今者诛。吏见知不举者与同罪。令下三十日不烧，黥为城旦。所不去者，医药卜 筮种树之书。”

The First Emperor accepted all these proposals ,and then the event of burning books occurred.

秦始皇接受了这一建议，于是就发生了焚书事件。

In the second year of burning books, the event of burying scholars alive underwent.

第二年，又发生了坑儒事件。

Dissatisfied with the First Emperor, some Confucian scholars and alchemists criticized him.

起因是由于有些儒生和方士对秦始皇不满。

The First Emperor sent inspectors to investigate, then arrested over 460 people and finally had all of them buried alive in Xianyang.

秦始皇派御史侦察，先后逮捕了 460多个儒生，全部在咸阳坑杀。

By these means, the First Emperor gave a heavy blow on the aristocratic splittism, but wrecked the culture severely at the same time, causing enormous losses in the conservation of ancient documents and impartment of learning.

秦始皇以焚书坑儒的手段打击了贵族政治的分裂思想，同时却严重摧残了文化,对于古文献的保存和学术的传授，造成了极大的损失。

All the practice made by the First Emperor were in line with the legalists, and many of his such behaviors had demonstrated it.

秦始皇施政定制根本上是以法家思想为依据。焚书坑儒以及“以法为教”，“以吏为师”等，更突出地反映了他的法家思想。