狄更斯双语小说:《董贝父子》第53章Part3
日期:2014-05-20 10:18

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读'Its matter was not new to me, but was presented in a new aspect. It shook me in my habit - the habit of nine-tenths of the world - of believing that all was right about me, because I was used to it,' said their visitor; 'and induced me to recall the history of the two brothers, and to ponder on it. I think it was almost the first time in my life when I fell into this train of reflection - how will many things that are familiar, and quite matters of course to us now, look, when we come to see them from that new and distant point of view which we must all take up, one day or other? I was something less good-natured, as the phrase goes, after that morning, less easy and complacent altogether.'
He sat for a minute or so, drumming with one hand on the table; and resumed in a hurry, as if he were anxious to get rid of his confession.
'Before I knew what to do, or whether I could do anything, there was a second conversation between the same two brothers, in which their sister was mentioned. I had no scruples of conscience in suffering all the waifs and strays of that conversation to float to me as freely as they would. I considered them mine by right. After that, I came here to see the sister for myself. The first time I stopped at the garden gate, I made a pretext of inquiring into the character of a poor neighbour; but I wandered out of that tract, and I think Miss Harriet mistrusted me. The second time I asked leave to come in; came in; and said what I wished to say. Your sister showed me reasons which I dared not dispute, for receiving no assistance from me then; but I established a means of communication between us, which remained unbroken until within these few days, when I was prevented, by important matters that have lately devolved upon me, from maintaining them'
'How little I have suspected this,' said John Carker, 'when I have seen you every day, Sir! If Harriet could have guessed your name - '
'Why, to tell you the truth, John,' interposed the visitor, 'I kept it to myself for two reasons. I don't know that the first might have been binding alone; but one has no business to take credit for good intentions, and I made up my mind, at all events, not to disclose myself until I should be able to do you some real service or other. My second reason was, that I always hoped there might be some lingering possibility of your brother's relenting towards you both; and in that case, I felt that where there was the chance of a man of his suspicious, watchful character, discovering that you had been secretly befriended by me, there was the chance of a new and fatal cause of division. I resolved, to be sure, at the risk of turning his displeasure against myself - which would have been no matter - to watch my opportunity of serving you with the head of the House; but the distractions of death, courtship, marriage, and domestic unhappiness, have left us no head but your brother for this long, long time. And it would have been better for us,' said the visitor, dropping his voice, 'to have been a lifeless trunk.'
He seemed conscious that these latter words had escaped hIm against his will, and stretching out a hand to the brother, and a hand to the sister, continued: 'All I could desire to say, and more, I have now said. All I mean goes beyond words, as I hope you understand and believe. The time has come, John - though most unfortunately and unhappily come - when I may help you without interfering with that redeeming struggle, which has lasted through so many years; since you were discharged from it today by no act of your own. It is late; I need say no more to-night. You will guard the treasure you have here, without advice or reminder from me.'
With these words he rose to go.
'But go you first, John,' he said goodhumouredly, 'with a light, without saying what you want to say, whatever that maybe;' John Carker's heart was full, and he would have relieved it in speech,' if he could; 'and let me have a word with your sister. We have talked alone before, and in this room too; though it looks more natural with you here.'
Following him out with his eyes, he turned kindly to Harriet, and said in a lower voice, and with an altered and graver manner:
'You wish to ask me something of the man whose sister it is your misfortune to be.'
'I dread to ask,' said Harriet.
'You have looked so earnestly at me more than once,' rejoined the visitor, 'that I think I can divine your question. Has he taken money? Is it that?'
'Yes.'
'He has not.'
'I thank Heaven!' said Harriet. 'For the sake of John.'
'That he has abused his trust in many ways,' said Mr Morfin; 'that he has oftener dealt and speculated to advantage for himself, than for the House he represented; that he has led the House on, to prodigious ventures, often resulting in enormous losses; that he has always pampered the vanity and ambition of his employer, when it was his duty to have held them in check, and shown, as it was in his power to do, to what they tended here or there; will not, perhaps, surprise you now. Undertakings have been entered on, to swell the reputation of the House for vast resources, and to exhibit it in magnificent contrast to other merchants' Houses, of which it requires a steady head to contemplate the possibly - a few disastrous changes of affairs might render them the probably - ruinous consequences. In the midst of the many transactions of the House, in most parts of the world: a great labyrinth of which only he has held the clue: he has had the opportunity, and he seems to have used it, of keeping the various results afloat, when ascertained, and substituting estimates and generalities for facts. But latterly - you follow me, Miss Harriet?'
'Perfectly, perfectly,' she answered, with her frightened face fixed on his. 'Pray tell me all the worst at once.
“这次谈到的问题对我并不新鲜,但它从一个新的角度向我显示出来。我本来相信我周围的一切都是完好无缺的,因为我对它已经习惯了--世界上十分之九的居民都有这样的习惯--,这次谈话动摇了我的这个习惯,”客人说道,”并引起我回忆兄弟两人的历史,对它进行了思考。我想这几乎是我生平第一次沿着这样的思路去考虑问题:许多我们现在司空见惯、习以为常的事物,当我们从那个我们早晚有一天一定都会采取的新的、不同的观点去看的时候,它们将会显示出什么样子呢?从那天上午以后,我就像人们常说的那样,变得脾气不太好,不太顺从,不太自满自足了。”
他沉默了一分钟左右,同时用一只手在桌子上叮叮冬冬地敲击着,然后又赶快继续说下去,仿佛急着想结束他的自白似的。
“在我知道我该做些什么事情或我能做些什么事情之前,这两兄弟又进行了第二次谈话;在这次谈话中提到了他们的姐姐。我听凭这次谈话的片言只语自由地飘入我的耳朵,良心上没有任何不安。我认为这是我的权利。在这之后,我到这里来,想亲眼见一见姐姐。第一次我在花园门口停下来,假装打听你们一位可怜的邻人的名声,可是我离开了,我觉得哈里特小姐不相信我。第二次,我请求允许我走进屋子;进来以后,我说了我想要说的话。您姐姐向我说明了为什么她当时拒绝接受我的帮助的原因,那是我不敢和她争辩的;但是我建立了我们两人交际的一个方式,它从不间断地一直持续下来,直到这几天我因为忙于最近移交给我的重要事情,才不得不中断。”
“先生,我每天跟您见面,却一点也没有猜疑到这一点!”约翰?卡克说道,”如果哈里特能猜测到您的姓名的话--”
“老实告诉您吧,约翰,”客人打断他的话,说道,”我没有说出我的姓名,有两个原因。我不知道单有第一个原因是不是充分;一个人没有权利由于有善良的意图就接受别人的感谢,因此我决定在我能向你们提供真正的帮助之前,无论如何也不说出我的姓名。我的第二个原因是,我总还抱着微弱的希望:你们的弟弟对你们两人也许还可能会比以前宽厚一些;在这样的情况下,如果这位生性多疑的、小心戒备的人发现我秘密地亲近你们,这就有可能成为你们破裂的一个新的、严重的根由。真的,我曾经决定不顾他会对我不满的风险(这算不了什么),等待合适的机会,在公司老板面前为您陈情请愿。可是由于发生了死亡、求婚、结婚、不和的家庭生活等这一系列事件的结果,在这长长的时间中,我们公司的老板实际上是你们的弟弟;”这时客人压低了,说道,”如果用一株干枯的树干来代替他的话,那么这对我们来说反倒会好一些。”
他似乎意识到,最后这句话是违反他的意愿脱口说出的,就伸出一只手给弟弟,另一只手给姐姐,继续说道:“现在我已说出了所有我想要说的话,甚至还超过了。我希望你们理解并相信,我的用意不是言语所能表达的。现在我可以帮助您,而不会妨碍您进行赎罪的努力了(您这种努力已持续进行了这么多年),”因为您今天不是由于您自己的行为而被解除职务的,因此我可以帮助您的这个时间已经来到了,约翰,虽然它是极为不幸、极为悲痛地来到的。现在时间已经晚了,今天夜里我不用再说什么了。不需要我劝告或提醒,您将会保护好这里交给您的珍宝。”
他说完这些话之后,站起身来,准备离开。
“可是约翰,您拿着蜡烛在前面走,”他愉快地说道,”不论您想说什么,都别说了。”约翰?卡克心头充满了千言万语,如果可能的话,他真想把它们倾吐出来,使他心情轻松一些;”让我再跟您姐姐说一句话。我们以前曾经单独说过话,而且也是在这个房间;虽然现在有您在这里,显得更为自然。”
他目送着约翰?卡克出去,一边亲切地转向哈里特,用改变了的、更为庄严的态度,低声说道:
“您希望向我问一下您不幸成为他姐姐的那个人的情况吧?”
“我怕问,”哈里特说道。
“您不止一次那么严肃地望着我,”客人说道,”因此我想我能猜出您的问题。您想问:他有没有窃取公司的钱,是不是?”
“是的。”
“他没有。”
“谢谢上天!”哈里特说道,”为了约翰的缘故。”
“可是他百般滥用对他的信任,”莫芬先生说道,”他时常为了自己的利益,而不是为了他所代表的公司的利益而经营买卖和投机;他让公司卷入极为冒险的业务,结果时常造成巨大的亏损;他有责任抑制他的老板的虚荣心与野心,并向他指出它们会导致什么样的后果(这是在他的职权范围内可以做到的事),可是这时他却反而时常纵容它们;所有这些事情现在可能不会使您感到惊奇。公司举办了各种企业来扩大它财力雄厚的声誉,并显示它和其他商业公司相比的巨大优越地位;需要有一个沉着冷静的头脑来注视可能发生的毁灭性后果(如果在公司业务中发生了一些灾难性的变化,这就会使这种后果成为可能)。公司经营着涉及世界上大部分地区的许多交易,他是其中的中心人物,只有他一个人掌握着这些错综复杂的业务的线索,因此他可能(他似乎也利用了这种可能)把已经查明的各种结果隐瞒住,而以各种估计和概括来代替事实。可是近来--您能听谨我的话吗,哈里特小姐?”
“完全听得谨,完全听得懂,”她把受惊的脸孔一动不动地对着他,回答道,”请立刻把最坏的事情告诉我。”

背景阅读

本书简介:
《董贝父子》是狄更斯最重要的作品之一,发表于1848年。小说描写了董贝父子公司的盛衰史。董贝是个贪得无厌的大资本家,妻子儿女都成了他追逐利润的工具和摆设。公司经理卡克尔是个奸诈小人,骗取了董贝的信任后又一手造成了他的破产。在现实的教训中,董贝的思想发生了转变。最后,虽然他已无法重整家业,却成全了真正的家庭幸福。
豆瓣热评:永恒的大团圆结局
来自: 阿壳

在读托尔金,C.S.刘易斯和狄更斯的小说前,我很少思想关于大团圆结局的事。而这三位作家是毫不掩饰自己热爱大团圆结局的,他们都是英国人。我不知道英国文学里是否有这一种传承,我读的很少;不过我相信,在信仰上他们确实是一脉相承。刘易斯的《纳尼亚传奇》和《裸颜》是基督教寓言小说,当他有更多更清晰直白的见解时,他就放下寓言,转而将它们变为论述或演讲。托尔金不太赞成他的好朋友那样赤裸裸地谈论信仰,他自己的魔戒系列和精灵宝钻是另一种类型的寓言体,不过依然深深渗透了基督教思想——只要把它们放在圣经面前,就会很容易识别出托尔金的信念是从哪里寻得依傍。他极其喜爱公式化的“从此以后他过着幸福的生活”,狄更斯也一样,甚至有过之而无不及。
在我所读过的《雾都孤儿》、《大卫?科波菲尔》、《圣诞颂歌》和《董贝父子》中,狄更斯不管形势有多严峻,某些人能过上幸福生活的可能性是多么微小——依然坚持到结尾时把他们全部聚拢在一起,使他们苦尽甘来,平平安安,欢欢乐乐,相亲相爱,永不分离。有时候我不由猜想,他是不是想要实现某种人间天国,但很快便打消了这念头。不如说大团圆在他笔下之所以成为可能、那样牢固,正是由他对这个世界以外有天国怀有真切的盼望。他随时描写那看不见的天国,随时使他的故事与人物浸透在那种光芒中。我没见过比他更天真的作家,天真到令人感动的地步,就像他钟爱自己笔下各种各样的“憨人”,不惜亲自出马保护他们,尽管他们傻气,不谙世事,偶尔会因自己的轻信挨近危险边缘——但他们绝不会有真正的危险,真正危险的是那种因聪明而自负的人。狄更斯以他叫人眼花缭乱的幽默手法描写这些傻乎乎的人,用上他最亲切的笔墨,仿佛是在叫喊:在这样的世界里做一个天真的人是可以的!你信上帝吗?上帝保佑你!——这句话的意思其实是“在人这是不能的,在神凡事都能。”(马太福音19:26)从同一个思路出发,因此他也毫不为自己的故事有一个美好结局而感到羞赧或犹疑。
我从娱乐作品中见过同样被称作“团圆”的结局,但它们不是同一种,和狄更斯的作品比起来,那不是真团圆。香港晚间黄金时段的电视剧几乎都有譬如真相大白,破镜重圆,有情人终成眷属,好有好报坏有坏报等等情节,也时常可见“从此以后他们过上幸福的生活”。类似的结尾也出现在给小学生改写的童话里。一本叫《屠猫记?法国文化史钩沉》的书谈到,《小红帽》的最初版本是极其血腥的,在几个世纪间,类似的民间传说大多是为了告诫年轻人这个世界的残酷,要想活下去(甚至不是为了能活得多么好)你就得留神。因此,真团圆首先要面对的问题是在一个残酷世界中得到幸福怎么可能。这其实是个严肃的问题,通常电视剧不负有探讨的责任,言情小说也没有,改写的童话同样不予理会。于是我们不得不遭遇断裂:小时候事情是一个版本,等到我们长大后——它们就无情地改变了。
真团圆必须得迎难而上,否则它就不过是娱乐,演和看的人同样不信。狄更斯信,而且似乎不需要论证。和他相比,雨果不但是个雄辩家,而且简直是个没多大信心的人,他在自己的小说里长篇累牍地辩论,甚至给我一种印象,如果他在每一章的开头不把事情为什么可以那样进行说清楚,事情就真的没法儿那样进行了。而且,即便它如期进行,却充满了暴力的痕迹。就像雨果本人对法国大革命十分推崇,认为人类要想有大团圆结局便无法绕道。他把暴力写得那样激昂,那样美。和他比起来狄更斯真是毫不进取,缺乏光荣,也一点都不浪漫。他只是温和却严肃地看着自己笔下的人物,也看着他的读者,仿佛是说:你应当舍己去爱。为什么?——你信上帝吗?愿上帝保佑你!
不过,即使对狄更斯而言,真团圆的难题也是不容易解决的,因为疑虑多半来自生活中确实没有那么多的幸福美满——果真如此吗?我想起那几本书的结尾,是否有人死亡或奄奄一息呢,是的,有,有两种情况。一种是误入歧途的人,无论他们之前多么坏,此时潘然悔悟,迎接他们的是“当一个忏悔的罪人夹在九十九个正直人中间进入天堂时,天使们的脸上可能出现的就是这种狂喜的神情”。他们离开这个绊倒人和叫人悲伤的世界,去往那真正使人安息的国度。这种结局,是从福音书耶稣基督的口里得来的。另一种情况是悲剧。作恶的人直到最后都不承认自己做了可怕的事,伤害了爱他的人和无辜的人,心里没有半点怜悯和恻隐,而只有无尽的骄傲、欲望和唯我独尊的念头——狄更斯描写这种人也是不遗余力。于是,最后他们被从“好人”中放逐出去,就像狼被从羊群中赶走,免得羊群的苦楚没有尽头。在《董贝父子》里,唯一的悲剧是那个人掉到火车的铁轨中央,狂乱中被火车撞死。然而,最可怕还不在于这种死,而是狄更斯相信有另一种永恒的死如同有永恒的活一样,两者同样出自福音书。狄更斯是节制的。小说里有不少糟糕的人物,只有这一个被“处以死刑”,不是由于他罪孽深重,而是由于他不肯回转。那个人心里有那么多肮脏的欲望和自私自利的念头,几乎等于是自己跳入到死亡之中。
狄更斯坦然书写这两种结局,对他来说那是确切无疑的,他就是那样相信的。通过他的故事,我对真团圆多了一层领悟。原来,疾病不能伤害真团圆,死也不能;贫穷和破产不能伤害真团圆,爱能填补它的空缺,它却不能填补爱的空缺;辛劳、付出得不到回报、爱一个人却眼看她与别人成婚、忍耐、默默承担,以及盼望非常遥远的事情——这一切都不能伤害真团圆,而这一切,不正是我们平常所害怕、以为一旦挨着就再也无能过上幸福生活的东西吗?那么狄更斯以为真团圆是什么呢?
“她念那永恒的书,那是给世上所有疲累的、心情沉重的人,和所有可怜的、堕落的、被忽视的人的书。她念那神圣的历史。失明的、跛腿的、瘫痪的乞丐、罪犯、蒙受耻辱的女人,我们所有正人君子避开的人,都在这历史中占一个部分。在这个世界继续存在的所有纪元里,没有任何人类的骄傲、冷淡或者诡辩能把这个部分除掉,或者减少千分之一格令。她念上帝的恩典,祂对整个人生,从出生到死亡,从婴儿到老年的一切希望和不幸都怀有亲切的同情,对人生中每一个场景、每一个阶段、每一个痛苦和悲哀,都很关心。”以及——
“海浪里的声音总是以它们那不停的喃喃声向弗洛伦斯悄悄谈论爱。那爱是永恒的,无限的,并不被今世和末日所局限,而是扩展开去,越过大海,越过天空,一直到远处那个看不见的地方!”(引自《董贝父子》)
于是,狄更斯在他的故事的结尾,把所有曾经痛苦、误入歧途和懊悔的人聚集在一起,使他们最远不会离开彼此一条街。我曾经疑惑,为什么这些人总是会相聚、相识,相爱,在现实生活中这可能吗?然而,是可能的!因为他们最后总会成为某种相像的人,总是随时乐于给予而将自己的益处置之度外。经过种种磨难后,他们终于在一起,因为信仰,盼望和爱而联合了。这就是作者所相信的大团圆,它们是如此沉甸甸,因为不是不付出代价的。如果疾病,患难,贫穷,痛苦,伤害——这个残酷世界所具有的一切武器——都不能使他们仇恨彼此,不信上帝的恩慈,那么还有什么能阻挡他们,使他们无法过上幸福美满的生活呢?
于是这永恒的大团圆结局仿佛是在说:选择过幸福的生活吧,亲爱的朋友!愿上帝祝福你!

分享到
重点单词
  • labyrinthn. 迷宫,难解的事件
  • exhibitv. 陈列,展览,展示 n. 展品,展览 n. 证
  • swellv. (使)膨胀,(使)鼓起,(使)增长 n. 膨胀,肿
  • enormousadj. 巨大的,庞大的
  • domesticadj. 国内的,家庭的,驯养的 n. 家仆,佣人
  • contemplatevt. 注视,沉思,打算
  • consciencen. 良心,责任心,顾忌
  • phrasen. 短语,习语,个人风格,乐句 vt. 措词表达,将(
  • resumedn. 履历;个人简历;摘要 vt. 重新开始;重新获得
  • dreadn. 恐惧,可怕的人,可怕的事 adj. 可怕的,可怖的