(单词翻译:单击)
课文
【课文】
Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark 卡蒂萨克号帆船
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What piece of bad luck prevented the Cutty Sark from winning the race?
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greewich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. These is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
参考译文
【参考译文】
人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一卡蒂萨克号。它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。在蒸汽船取代帆船之前，卡蒂萨克号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。卡蒂萨克号是帆船制造史上建造的最快的一艘帆船。唯一可以与之一比高低的是塞姆皮雷号帆船。两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。这场比赛持续了整整4个月，是这类比赛中的最后一次，它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。
比赛开始后，赛姆皮雷号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，卡萨萨克号驶到了前面。看来，它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了，但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。8月份卡蒂萨克号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。船身左右摇晃，无法操纵。船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位，这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。因为这个缘故，卡蒂萨克号落到了后面。跨越赤道后，船长将船停靠在一个港口，在那儿换了一只舵。但此时，赛姆皮雷号早已在500多英里之遥了。尽管换装新舵时分秒必争，但卡蒂萨克号已经不可能取胜了，它抵达英国时比塞姆皮雷号晚了1个星期。但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，这个成绩也已很不容易了。毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵， 卡帝萨克号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。
词汇讲解
1.impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的
例句：X-ray astronomy has made impressive progress in China.
X射线天文学在中国已取得了引人注目的发展。
2.steamship n.蒸汽轮船
3.vessel n.轮船，大木船
4.era n.时期，时代
5.Java n.爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛）
6.rudder n.舵
7.roll v.颠簸，摇摆
例句：One of our favorite things to do as children was to roll snowballs down hills to see how much speed they could pick up.
我们小时候最喜欢做的事情就是滚雪球下山，并看它能滚多快。
8.steer v.掌握方向
9.temporary adj.临时的
例句：For some of its adherents it was only a temporary phase.
对一些信奉者来说，它只是一个暂时的阶段。
10.plank n.大块木板
11.fit v.安装
12.Equator n.赤道
13.delay n.耽误
例句：I had to cook up an excuse about my long delay.
我得编个理由解释自己为什么耽搁了这么久。
课文讲解
【课文讲解】
1.One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greewich.
参考翻译：人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一卡蒂萨克号。
讲解：One of the most famous sailing ships最高级之一。比如：one of the most dangerous site in the world，one of the highest building in the world.
the Cutty Sark与前面的整个短语是同位语。
2.She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of past.
参考翻译：它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。
讲解：serve as充当什么样的角色，起什么样的作用。
impressive reminder of给人留下深刻印象，使人想起。动词形式：remind sb of sth.
impress通常用法：impress on (upon)使 铭记, 使 得深刻印象; 在... 盖印
Outstanding performance in the work made fresh man impress the boss deeply.
新人在工作中的出色表现给老板留下了深刻的印象。
3.Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia.
参考翻译：在蒸汽船取代帆船之前，卡蒂萨克号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。
讲解：replace取代。还有一个词组：take the place of，in place of
be used to do sth被用来做某事。 be used to doing sth，习惯做某事。
I am used to getting up early.我习惯了早起床。
4.Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.
参考翻译：两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。
讲解：set out出发, 开始, 陈列, 宣布, 陈述, 栽种, 设计...的布局, 测定
set out to do sth 开始做某事
I set out to place setting for each guest at dinner last night.
昨晚，我为每位客人安排晚餐的餐具。
5.The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took lead.
参考翻译：比赛开始后，赛姆皮雷号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，卡萨萨克号驶到了前面。
讲解：The first of the two ships to reach Java动词不定式做后置定语，在语法部分详细讲解。
6.In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
参考翻译：8月份卡蒂萨克号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。
讲解：during which介词+关系副词在定语从句中非常常见。比如在前面的17课中就有两句：He described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.'
They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended.
7.This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well.
参考翻译：这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。
讲解：a danger that同位语从句。
8.These is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
参考翻译：毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵， 卡帝萨克号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。
讲解：would have done表示假设条件的虚拟语气
语法点
【语法点】
动词不定式做后置定语
不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：
(1)The next train to arrive is from Washington.
(2)Have you anything to be taken to your sister?
(3)Do you have anything to say on the question?
(4)Would you please give me some paper to write on?
(5)My wish to visit France has come true at last.
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：
(1)表示将来的动作。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍 用主动语态；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态。
(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例to arrive=that will arrive。
经典句子
【经典句子】
1、 She servesas an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.
它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。
2、 The onlyother ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
唯一可以与之一比高低的是塞姆皮雷号帆船。
3、 …, but onthe Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sarktook the lead.
但在印度洋上，卡萨萨克号驶到了前面。
4、 A temporary rudder was made onboard from spare planks and it was fitted with greatdifficulty.
船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位。
5、 Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, …
虽然以及快的速度装好了新舵，。。。
相关flash和视频讲解
