汉译英试题训练

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
故宫(the Imperial Palace)位于北京市中心，是世界上现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代皇宫和古建筑群(architectural complex)。这座历史悠久的宫殿，面积宏大，南北约千米，东西753米。整个皇宫相传共有9999个房间，分为外朝和内庭两部分。外朝是皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。内庭是皇帝的居住之地。故宫建筑群是中国古代宫殿建筑(Palatial architecture)的典范，对东亚及其他国家的文化和建筑产生了重大影响。而今整个故宫成为国家博物馆，陈列着众多珍贵的古代文物(cultural relics)。

翻译及详解

参考翻译:

The Imperial Palace, located in the center of Beijing, is the largest, best preserved ancient imperial palace and architectural complex in the world. The historical, spacious palace stretches about 1,000 meters from north to south and 753 meters on its east-west axis. Altogether, there are 9,999 rooms inside the palace according to legend, which is made up of two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court was a place where the emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies. The inner court was the imperial residence. The palace complex exemplifies traditional Chinese palatial architecture, and has influenced cultural and architectural developments greatly in East Asia and elsewhere. Today the entire Imperial Palace functions as a national museum, where a variety of treasured cultural relics are exhibited.

翻译讲解

1.第一个句子主语为“故宫”，后面跟着两个谓语动词“位于”、“是”；为使句子简洁，可将“位于北京市中心”译为过去分词短语located in...，放在主语the Imperial Palace后面作后置定语，也可译为定语从句which is located in...。
2.第二句中的“南北约千米，东西753米”都是表达距离，为了避免重复，使表达多样化，在翻译时将“南北”译作 from north to south，“东西”译为 on its east-west axis。
3.第四句“外朝是皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方”在翻译时可使用where引导的定语从句说明“外朝”是什么样的地方。
4.最后一句中，可将“整个故宫成为国家博物馆”作为主句。“陈列着众多珍贵的古代文物”隐含的主语是博物馆，因而此部分可译为where引导的定语从句，用“古代文物”作主语，使用被动语态。