新东方GRE核心词汇考法精析 List18:Unit3
日期:2015-09-13 15:56
(单词翻译:单击)
penury
【考法 1】 n. 贫穷： extreme dearth; barrenness or insufficiency
【例】 Some have pessimistically regarded the higher education in China as an invisible and irresistible path to penury. 有人悲观地把中国的高等教育看作是一条通往贫穷的通道--无形但不可抗拒
【近】 destitution, impecuniosity, impoverishment, indigence, neediness, poorness, poverty, want
【反】 affluence, opulence, richness, wealth 富裕
【考法 2】 n. 吝啬，节俭： extreme and often niggardly frugality
【例】 They bitterly complained about their father's penury. 他们哀怨地抱怨父亲的节俭
【近】 closeness, miserliness, niggardliness, parsimony, penuriousness, stinginess, tightfistedness, tightness
【反】 generosity, largesse, munificence, openhandedness, philanthropy 慷慨的
【派】 penurious adj. 贫穷的；吝啬的
perambulate .
【考法 1】 v. 徒步穿越，走过： to travel over or through especially on foot for exercise or pleasure
【例】 We decided to lazily perambulate the entire length of the esplanade and enjoy the fresh air. 我们决定悠哉地徒步走过滨海大道，享受清新的空气
【近】 amble, cross, go, navigate, pass, peregrinate, proceed, ramble, transit, travel, traverse
perceptible
【考法 1】 adj. 可察觉的： capable of being perceived especially by the senses
【例】 You should be able to note a perceptible temperature change when you add the second reagents. 当你加入第二种试剂的时候，你应该能够察觉到明显的温度变化
【近】 appreciable, apprehensible, detectable, discernible, distinguishable, palpable, sensible
【反】 impalpable, imperceptible, inappreciable, indistinguishable, insensible, undetectable 不能感知的
peremptory
【考法 1】 adj. 不容反抗的： not allowing contradiction or refusal; imperative
【例】 a peremptory order from the general 将军下达的不容反抗的命令
【近】 compulsory, forced, imperative, incumbent, involuntary, obligatory, required
【反】 elective, optional, voluntary 可选择的
【考法 2】 adj. 爱发号施令的： fond of ordering people around
【例】 The peremptory secretary began telling the crowd of reporters and photographers exactly where they had to stand. 爱发号施令的秘书开始部署记者和摄影师们应该站在哪里了
【近】 authoritarian, despotic, dictatorial, domineering, imperious, masterful, overbearing, tyrannical, tyrannous
【考法 3】 adj. 傲慢的： having a feeling of superiority that shows itself in an overbearing attitude
【例】 She had such a peremptory approach to running the club that people started to avoid her. 她用一种如此傲慢自大的方式来管理俱乐部，以至于大家纷纷开始躲避她
【近】 assumptive, bumptious, haughty, imperious, lofty, pompous, presumptuous, pretentious, supercilious
【反】 humble, lowly, modest 谦逊的
perfervid
【考法 1】 adj. 非常热情的： marked by overwrought or exaggerated emotion: excessively fervent
【例】 perfervid love letter 热情洋溢的情书
【近】 ardent, demonstrative, emotional, fervid, feverish, impassioned, passionate, torrid, vehement, warm
【反】 cold, cool, detached, dispassionate, emotionless, impassive, unemotional 冷漠的
perfidy
【考法 1】 n. 不忠，背信弃义： an act or an instance of disloyalty
【例】 As loyalty unites lovers, so perfidy estranges friends. 忠诚是爱情的纽带，欺诈是友谊的敌人
【近】 backstabbing, disloyalty, infidelity, sellout, treachery, unfaithfulness, double cross
【反】 allegiance, devotion, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty, staunchness, steadfastness 忠诚
【派】 perfidious adj. 不忠诚的
perforate
【考法 1】 v. 打孔，穿透： to make a hole through
【例】 to perforate with a pin 用针穿孔
【近】 bore, drill, hole, pierce, punch, puncture, riddle
perfunctory
【考法 1】 adj. 例行公事的，敷衍的： characterized by routine or superficiality and often done merely as a duty
【例】 gave his usual perfunctory nod 例行公事地随便点了个头
【近】 automatic, cursory, mechanical, superficial
【考法 2】 adj. 不感兴趣的： lacking in interest or enthusiasm
【例】 She gave the list only a perfunctory glance. 她无所谓地随便瞅了名单一眼
【近】 apathetic, casual, disinterested, incurious, indifferent, insouciant, nonchalant, pococurante, unconcerned
【反】 concerned, interested 感兴趣的
perimeter .
【考法 1】 n. 边界，界限： the line or relatively narrow space that marks the outer limit of something
【派】 soldiers guarding the perimeter of the camp 守卫者营地边界的士兵
【近】 borderline, bound, boundary, circumference, confines, edge, frame, fringe, margin, periphery, skirt, verge
【反】 center, core, heart, kernel 核心
periodical .
【考法 1】 n. 期刊： a publication that appears at regular intervals
【派】 subscribed to three new periodicals 订阅了三份新的期刊
【近】 book, magazine, newspaper, paper, review, serial
【考法 2】 adj. 周期性的，有固定间隔的： occurring or recurring at regular intervals
【派】 periodical announcements from airline personnel concerning the delay 航空公司工作人员关于延误所进行的一遍又一遍的广播
【近】 continual, periodic, recurrent, recurring
【反】 constant, continuous, incessant, unceasing 持续不断的
【考法 1】 n. 贫穷： extreme dearth; barrenness or insufficiency
【例】 Some have pessimistically regarded the higher education in China as an invisible and irresistible path to penury. 有人悲观地把中国的高等教育看作是一条通往贫穷的通道--无形但不可抗拒
【近】 destitution, impecuniosity, impoverishment, indigence, neediness, poorness, poverty, want
【反】 affluence, opulence, richness, wealth 富裕
【考法 2】 n. 吝啬，节俭： extreme and often niggardly frugality
【例】 They bitterly complained about their father's penury. 他们哀怨地抱怨父亲的节俭
【近】 closeness, miserliness, niggardliness, parsimony, penuriousness, stinginess, tightfistedness, tightness
【反】 generosity, largesse, munificence, openhandedness, philanthropy 慷慨的
【派】 penurious adj. 贫穷的；吝啬的
perambulate .
【考法 1】 v. 徒步穿越，走过： to travel over or through especially on foot for exercise or pleasure
【例】 We decided to lazily perambulate the entire length of the esplanade and enjoy the fresh air. 我们决定悠哉地徒步走过滨海大道，享受清新的空气
【近】 amble, cross, go, navigate, pass, peregrinate, proceed, ramble, transit, travel, traverse
perceptible
【考法 1】 adj. 可察觉的： capable of being perceived especially by the senses
【例】 You should be able to note a perceptible temperature change when you add the second reagents. 当你加入第二种试剂的时候，你应该能够察觉到明显的温度变化
【近】 appreciable, apprehensible, detectable, discernible, distinguishable, palpable, sensible
【反】 impalpable, imperceptible, inappreciable, indistinguishable, insensible, undetectable 不能感知的
peremptory
【考法 1】 adj. 不容反抗的： not allowing contradiction or refusal; imperative
【例】 a peremptory order from the general 将军下达的不容反抗的命令
【近】 compulsory, forced, imperative, incumbent, involuntary, obligatory, required
【反】 elective, optional, voluntary 可选择的
【考法 2】 adj. 爱发号施令的： fond of ordering people around
【例】 The peremptory secretary began telling the crowd of reporters and photographers exactly where they had to stand. 爱发号施令的秘书开始部署记者和摄影师们应该站在哪里了
【近】 authoritarian, despotic, dictatorial, domineering, imperious, masterful, overbearing, tyrannical, tyrannous
【考法 3】 adj. 傲慢的： having a feeling of superiority that shows itself in an overbearing attitude
【例】 She had such a peremptory approach to running the club that people started to avoid her. 她用一种如此傲慢自大的方式来管理俱乐部，以至于大家纷纷开始躲避她
【近】 assumptive, bumptious, haughty, imperious, lofty, pompous, presumptuous, pretentious, supercilious
【反】 humble, lowly, modest 谦逊的
perfervid
【考法 1】 adj. 非常热情的： marked by overwrought or exaggerated emotion: excessively fervent
【例】 perfervid love letter 热情洋溢的情书
【近】 ardent, demonstrative, emotional, fervid, feverish, impassioned, passionate, torrid, vehement, warm
【反】 cold, cool, detached, dispassionate, emotionless, impassive, unemotional 冷漠的
perfidy
【考法 1】 n. 不忠，背信弃义： an act or an instance of disloyalty
【例】 As loyalty unites lovers, so perfidy estranges friends. 忠诚是爱情的纽带，欺诈是友谊的敌人
【近】 backstabbing, disloyalty, infidelity, sellout, treachery, unfaithfulness, double cross
【反】 allegiance, devotion, faithfulness, fidelity, loyalty, staunchness, steadfastness 忠诚
【派】 perfidious adj. 不忠诚的
perforate
【考法 1】 v. 打孔，穿透： to make a hole through
【例】 to perforate with a pin 用针穿孔
【近】 bore, drill, hole, pierce, punch, puncture, riddle
perfunctory
【考法 1】 adj. 例行公事的，敷衍的： characterized by routine or superficiality and often done merely as a duty
【例】 gave his usual perfunctory nod 例行公事地随便点了个头
【近】 automatic, cursory, mechanical, superficial
【考法 2】 adj. 不感兴趣的： lacking in interest or enthusiasm
【例】 She gave the list only a perfunctory glance. 她无所谓地随便瞅了名单一眼
【近】 apathetic, casual, disinterested, incurious, indifferent, insouciant, nonchalant, pococurante, unconcerned
【反】 concerned, interested 感兴趣的
perimeter .
【考法 1】 n. 边界，界限： the line or relatively narrow space that marks the outer limit of something
【派】 soldiers guarding the perimeter of the camp 守卫者营地边界的士兵
【近】 borderline, bound, boundary, circumference, confines, edge, frame, fringe, margin, periphery, skirt, verge
【反】 center, core, heart, kernel 核心
periodical .
【考法 1】 n. 期刊： a publication that appears at regular intervals
【派】 subscribed to three new periodicals 订阅了三份新的期刊
【近】 book, magazine, newspaper, paper, review, serial
【考法 2】 adj. 周期性的，有固定间隔的： occurring or recurring at regular intervals
【派】 periodical announcements from airline personnel concerning the delay 航空公司工作人员关于延误所进行的一遍又一遍的广播
【近】 continual, periodic, recurrent, recurring
【反】 constant, continuous, incessant, unceasing 持续不断的
