divert
【考法 1】 vt. 使转向：to turn from one course or use to another: deflect
【例】 divert traffic to a side street 使交通转至辅路
【近】 deflect, redirect, swing, veer, wheel
【反】 fix, set, settle 固定
【考法 2】 v. 使消遣：to cause (someone) to pass the time agreeably occupied
【例】 A light comedy divert the tired business executive 一个轻松的喜剧让疲惫的企业主管人员得到了放松。
【近】 disport, entertain, regale, solace
【考法 3】v. 使分心：to draw the attention or mind to something else
【例】 divert one's attention 转移某人注意力 || The parents tried to divert the child with a toy while the doctor was giving her a shot. 当医生要给那个孩子打针的时候，孩子父母试图用玩具转移孩子的注意力。
【近】 abstract, detract, call off
divestiture
【考法 1】 n. 剥夺：the act of taking away from a person
【例】 Melodramas were popular because they offered the audience a divestiture of neutrality. 情 节剧之所有受到欢迎是因为他们给观众一个缺乏中立的（世界）。
【近】 deprivation, dispossession
【反】 acquisition 获得；endowment 捐赠
divulge
【考法 1】 vt. 泄漏（秘密）：to make known (as a confidence or secret)
【例】 refuse to divulge details of the negotiations 拒绝透露谈判的细节内容 || We tried to make him divulge the name of the winner, but he wouldn't budge. 我们试图让他透露胜利者的名字，但是他没有那样做。
【近】 bare, disclose, discover, expose, uncover, unmask, unveil
【反】 conceal, cover up, hide, mask, shroud, veil 保密，隐藏
dodder
【考法 1】 vi. 蹒跚，颤巍巍地行进：to progress feebly and unsteadily
【例】 He could only dodder along after the operation. 他手术后只能步履蹒跚的走。
【近】 careen, lurch, teeter, totter, waddle
dodge
【考法 1】 v. 躲避： to avoid (a blow, for example) by moving or shifting quickly aside
【例】 dodge a storm of bullets 躲避枪林弹雨 || He dodged the first punch but was hit by the second. 他躲过了第一次打击但是没有躲过第二次。
【近】 avoid, escape, shirk, malinger, goldbrick, evade, parry, sidestep, circumvent, fence, hedge, avert, elude, shun, skirt, bilk, eschew, weasel
doff
【考法 1】 vt. 脱下： to take off; remove
【例】 The blazing sun soon had the men doffing their jackets. 炙热的太阳很快就让男人们脱掉了夹克。
【近】 put off, take off
【反】 don, put on 穿上
dogged
【考法 1】 adj. 坚持的，坚决的： continuing despite difficulties, opposition, or discouragement；showing no signs of slackening or yielding in one's purpose
【例】 gain respect through sheer dogged determination 凭借单纯的坚决赢得了尊重 || A madman who spent his life in dogged pursuit of power 一个一生都坚持追求权力的疯子
【近】 insistent, persevering, pertinacious, tenacious, determined
【反】 easily discouraged 容易气馁的；yielded 屈服的
【考法 2】 adj. 固执的，任性的： sticking to an opinion, purpose, or course of action in spite of reason, arguments, or persuasion
【例】 Your dogged adherence to a really lame argument is embarrassing. 你固执的坚持一个站不住脚的观点令人很尴尬。
【近】 adamant, hardheaded, headstrong, inflexible, intransigent, mulish, obdurate opinionated, ossified, pertinacious, self-opinionated, self-willed stubborn, unbending, uncompromising, unrelenting, unyielding, willful
【反】 acquiescent, amenable, compliant, complying, flexible, pliable, pliant, relenting, yielding 顺从的
dogma
【考法 1】 n. 教条，信条： a doctrine or body of doctrines concerning faith or morals formally stated and authoritatively proclaimed by a church
【例】 People are beginning to question the old dogmas. 人们开始质疑旧的信条。|| The newspaper seeks to be independent of political dogma. 这份报纸力求不受政治信条影响。
【近】 credo, doctrine, gospel
【反】 heresy, heterodoxy 异端学说
【派】 dogmatic 独断的，武断的： characterized by an authoritative, arrogant assertion of unproved principles
【例】 a dogmatic critic 独断的评论家
【近】 dictatorial, dictative, authoritarian, authoritative, magisterial
doldrums
【考法 1】 n. 低迷，中断： a state or period of inactivity, stagnation, or slump
【例】 August is a time of doldrums for many enterprises. 对于许多企业来说八月是一个低迷期‖The economy is in the doldrums. 经济低迷
【近】 abeyance, dormancy, latency, quiescence, moratorium
【反】 continuation 持续
【考法 2】 n. 情绪不佳：a state or spell of low spirits
【例】 The team had been in the doldrums ever since losing the championship. 整个队伍自从输了锦标赛以来一直情绪不佳
【近】 dejection, depression, desolation, despondence, dolefulness, gloom, melancholy, unhappiness
【反】 bliss, ecstasy, elation, exhilaration, exuberance, exultation, jubilation, rapture, felicity
dolorous
【考法 1】 adj. 忧伤的： causing, marked by, or expressing misery or grief
【例】 He lifted a pair of sapphire, dolorous eyes. 他抬起了一双忧郁的蓝宝石般的眼睛
【近】 agonized, bemoaning, bewailing, deplorable, grievous ,miserable, plaintive, rueful, sorrowful, woeful
【反】 happy, joyful, jovial, jubilant 高兴的