(单词翻译:单击)
extinguish
【考法 1】 vt. 熄灭: to put out (a fire, for example); quench
【例】 the fire in the skillet was quickly extinguished by slamming the lid on 平底锅的火苗很快被水浇灭了
【近】 blanket, douse, quench, put out, snuff out
【反】 ignite, rekindle 点燃
【考法 2】 v. 终止: to bring to a complete end the physical soundness, existence, or usefulness of
【例】 a fatal blunder that extinguished all hope that the team would actually win the play-offs 一个致命的失误,使得队伍赢得季后赛的希望完全破灭
【近】 annihilate, decimate, demolish, desolate, devastate, pulverize, ruin, shatter, smash, tear down, pull down,
rub out
【反】 build, construct, erect, raise, rear, set up, put up 建立
extol
【考法 1】 v. 赞美;吹捧: to praise highly; glorify
【例】 extol the virtues of… 赞美……的优点
【近】 carol, exalt, glorify, laud, magnify, resound
【反】 censure, impugn, malign, deprecate, detract rail, villify, excoriate 批评
extort
【考法 1】 v. 勒索: to obtain from a person by force, intimidation, or undue or illegal power
【例】 The criminals extorted large sums of money from their victims. 绑匪向受害者勒索大笔钱财。
【近】 wrest, wring
extract
【考法 1】 n. 用力拔出: to pull or take out forcibly
【例】 extracted a wisdom tooth 拔出一颗智齿
【近】 pull, uproot, wrest, wring, yank, root out, tear out
【反】 embed 嵌入
extraction
【考法 1】 n. 血统: origin; lineage; ancestry
【例】 a family of French extraction 有法国血统的家族
【近】 bloodline, breeding, descent, genealogy, lineage, origin, family tree
extraneous
【考法 1】 adj. 无关的: having no relevance
【例】 an extraneous digression 无关的跑题
【近】 impertinent, inapplicable, irrelative, accidental, adventitious, external
【反】 applicable, apposite, apropos, germane, pertinent, relative, relevant 相关的
【考法 2】 adj. 非主要因素的: not forming an essential or vital part
【例】 the architect's streamlined modern style shuns any sort of extraneous ornamentation 建筑师 流线 型的
现代设计避免了一切多余的装饰
【近】 accidental, adventitious, alien, external, foreign
【反】 essential, inherent, innate, intrinsic 本质的,核心的
extravagant
【考法 1】 adj. 挥霍的: given to spending money freely or foolishly
【例】 has always been extravagant with her money 挥金如土
【近】 profligate, spendthrift, squandering, thriftless, unthrifty, wasteful
【反】 frugal, conserving, economical, penny-pinching, scrimping, skimping, thrifty 节省的
【考法 2】 adj. 过度的,不必要的: going beyond a normal or acceptable limit in degree or amount
【例】 the book doesn't quite merit the extravagant praise that it has received 这本书被盛赞过度
【 近 】 baroque, exorbitant, immoderate, inordinate, lavish, overdue, overmuch, overweening, plethoric, unconscionable, unmerciful
【反】 middling, moderate, modest, reasonable, temperate 适当适度的
extricate
【考法 1】 vt. 使解脱,救出: to free or remove from an entanglement or difficulty
【例】 extricate himself from financial difficulties 使他摆脱财政困境
【近】 disengage, disentangle, free, liberate, release, untangle
【反】 enmesh, entangle, embroil 卷入
exuberant
【考法 1】 adj. 非常高兴的,热情洋溢的: joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic
【例】 Exuberant crowds rushed to greet the returning national champions. 激动的人群争先恐后地向凯旋归来的全国冠军表示问候
【近】 ebullient, effervescent, frolic, buoyant, bouncy, vivacious
【反】 austere 克制的;sullen 闷闷不乐的
【考法 2】 adj. 大量的,充分的: produced in extreme abundance
【例】 an exuberant imagination 丰富的想象力
【近】 ample, lavish, lush, luxuriant, opulent, plentiful, prodigal, profuse, riotous
【反】 meager, scant, sparse 匮乏的
exude
【考法 1】 vi. 分泌,流出:to flow forth slowly through small openings
【例】 a sticky resin exuded from the bark 从树皮中分泌出来的带有恶臭的树脂
【近】 bleed, ooze, seep
【反】 absorb 吸收