世纪文学经典:《百年孤独》第20章Part5
日期:2014-01-16 10:36

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读

“He’s a real cannibal.?she said. “We’ll name him Rodrigo.?
“No,?her husband countered. “We’ll name him Aureliano and he’ll win thirty-two wars.?
After cutting the umbilical cord, the midwife began to use a cloth to take off the blue grease that covered his body as Aureliano held up a lamp. Only when they turned him on his stomach did they see that he had something more than other men, and they leaned over to examine him. It was the tail of a pig.
They were not alarmed. Aureliano and Amaranta ?rsula were not aware of the family precedent, nor did they remember ?rsula’s frightening admonitions, and the midwife pacified them with the idea that the tail could be cut off when the child got his second teeth. Then they had no time to think about it again, because Amaranta ?rsula was bleeding in an uncontainable torrent. They tried to help her with applications of spider webs and balls of ash, but it was like trying to hold back a spring with one’s hands. During the first hours she tried to maintain her good humor. She took the frightened Aureliano by the hand and begged him not to worry, because people like her were not made to die against their will, and she exploded with laughter at the ferocious remedies of the midwife. But as Aureliano’s hope abandoned him she was becoming less visible, as if the light on her were fading away, until she sank into drowsiness. At dawn on Monday they brought a woman who recited cauterizing prayers that were infallible for man and beast beside her bed, but Amaranta ?rsula’s passionate blood was insensible to any artifice that did not come from love. In the afternoon, after twenty-four hours of desperation, they knew that she was dead because the flow had stopped without remedies and her profile became sharp and the blotches on her face evaporated in a halo of alabaster and she smiled again.
“他是一个真正吃人的野兽,”阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜说。“咱们就管他叫罗德里格吧。”
“不,”她的丈夫不同意。“咱们还是管他叫奥雷连诺,他将赢得三十二次战争的胜利。”
在给婴儿剪掉脐带之后,助产婆开始用一块布擦拭他小身体上一层蓝莹莹的胎毛,奥雷连诺·布恩蒂亚为她掌着灯。他们把婴儿肚子朝下地翻过身来时,忽然发现他长着一个别人没有的东西;他们俯身一看,竟然是一条猪尾巴!
奥雷连诺·布恩蒂亚和阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜并没有惊慌失措,他俩不知道布恩蒂亚家族中是否有过类似的现象,也早已忘记乌苏娜曾发出过的可怕的警告了,而助产婆的一番话使他们完全放了心。她说,等到小孩脱去乳牙以后,也许可以割掉这条无用的尾巴。然后,他们就再也没有时间去考虑这件事了,因为阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜开始大出血,血如泉涌,怎么也止不住。助产婆在产妇的出血口上撒了一些蜘蛛网和灰未,但这就象用手指按住喷泉口一样毫无用处。起先,阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜还竭力保持镇静,她拉着惊恐万状的奥雷连诺·布恩蒂亚的手,求他不要难过——因为象她这么一个人,是心甘情愿地来到这个世界,也是心甘情愿离开这个世界的,——她望着助产婆的忙劲,不由得发出爽朗的笑声。但是奥雷连诺·布恩蒂亚渐渐丧失了希望,因为她的脸色暗淡下来,好象亮光正从她脸上移开,最后,她陷入了沉睡状态。星期一黎明,人们领来一个女人,这女人开始在她床边大声念止血的涛词,据说这种祷词对人和牲畜同样灵验,可是阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜殷红的鲜血,对于任何同爱情无关的妙方都毫无知觉。晚上,在充满绝望的二十四小时之后,他们眼看着阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜死去了,象泉水一般喷涌的鲜血已经流尽。她伪侧影变得轮廓分明,脸上仿佛回光返照,已不见痛苦的神色,嘴角边似乎还挂着一丝微笑。
背景阅读

作者简介:

加西亚·马尔克斯(1927一)哥伦比亚作家,记者。生于马格达莱纳省阿拉卡塔卡镇。父亲是个电报报务员兼顺势疗法医生。他自小在外祖父家中长大。外祖父当过上校军官,性格善良、倔强,思想比较激进;外祖母博古通今,善讲神话传说及鬼怪故事,这对作家日后的文学创作有着重要的影响。

加西亚·马尔克斯作品的主要特色是幻想与现实的巧妙结合,以此来反映社会现实生活,审视人生和世界。重要作品有长篇小说《百年孤独》(1967)《家长的没落》(1975)、《霍乱时期的爱情》(1985)等。

本书简介:

《百年孤独》内容复杂,人物众多,情节离奇,手法新颖。马尔克斯在书中溶汇了南美洲特有的五彩缤纷的文化。他通过描写小镇马孔多的产生、兴盛到衰落、消亡,表现了拉丁美洲令人惊异的疯狂历史。小说以“汇集了不可思议的奇迹和最纯粹的现实生活”荣获1982年诺贝尔文学奖。

创作历程:

从1830年至十九世纪末的70年间,哥伦比亚爆发过几十次内战,使数十万人丧生。本书以很大的篇幅描述了这方面的史实,并且通过书中主人公带有传奇色彩的生涯集中表现出来。政客们的虚伪,统治者们的残忍,民众的盲从和愚昧等等都写得淋漓尽致。作家以生动的笔触,刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物,描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。在这个家族中,夫妻之间、父子之间、母女之间、兄弟姐妹之间,没有感情沟通,缺乏信任和了解。尽管很多人为打破孤独进行过种种艰苦的探索,但由于无法找到一种有效的办法把分散的力量统一起来,最后均以失败告终。这种孤独不仅弥漫在布恩迪亚家族和马孔多镇,而且渗入了狭隘思想,成为阻碍民族向上、国家进步的一大包袱。
作家写出这一点,是希望拉丁美洲民众团结起来,共同努力摆脱孤独。所以,《百年孤独》中浸淫着的孤独感,其主要内涵应该是对整个苦难的拉丁美洲被排斥现代文明世界的进程之外的愤懑[mèn]和抗议,是作家在对拉丁美洲近百年的历史、以及这块大陆上人民独特的生命力、生存状态、想象力进行独特的研究之后形成的倔强的自信。这个古老的家族也曾经在新文明的冲击下,努力的走出去寻找新的世界,尽管有过畏惧和退缩,可是他们还是抛弃了传统的外衣,希望溶入这个世界。可是外来文明以一种侵略的态度来吞噬这个家族,于是他们就在这样一个开放的文明世界中持续着“百年孤独”。作者表达着一种精神状态的孤独来批判外来者对拉美大陆的一种精神层面的侵略,以及西方文明对拉美的歧视与排斥。“羊皮纸手稿所记载的一切将永远不会重现,遭受百年孤独的家族,注定不会在大地上第二次出现了。” 作者用一个毁灭的结尾来表达了自己深深的愤懑。

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重点单词
  • alarmedadj. 受惊的;焦虑的;惊恐的 v. 报警(alarm
  • halon. (日月等)晕,神像之光环
  • drowsinessn. 睡意;假寐;困倦
  • greasen. 兽脂,油脂 vt. 用油脂涂,上油,促进
  • visibleadj. 可见的,看得见的 n. 可见物
  • fadingn. 褪色;衰退;凋谢 v. 使衰落(fade的ing形
  • spidern. 蜘蛛
  • frighteningadj. 令人恐惧的,令人害怕的 动词frighten的
  • torrentn. 激流,山洪 adj. 奔流的,汹涌的
  • bleedingn. 出血;渗色 adj. 流血的;同情的 v. 出血;