世纪文学经典:《百年孤独》第7章Part 11
日期:2013-08-16 15:18

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读

She said it without thinking, but that was the time that the government had announced its threat to shoot Colonel Gerineldo Márquez if the rebel forces did not surrender Riohacha. The visits stopped. Amaranta shut herself up to weep, overwhelmed by a feeling of guilt similar to the one that had tormented her when Remedios died, as if once more her careless words had been responsible for a death. Her mother consoled her. She inured her that Colonel Aureliano Buendía would do something to prevent the execution and promised that she would take charge of attracting Gerineldo Márquez herself when the war was over. She fulfilled her promise before the imagined time. When Gerineldo Márquez returned to the house, invested with his new dignity of civil and military leader, she received him as a son, thought of delightful bits of flattery to hold him there, and prayed with all her soul that he would remember his plan to marry Amaranta. Her pleas seemed to be answered. On the days that he would have lunch at the house, Colonel Gerineldo Márquez would linger on the begonia porch playing Chinese checkers with Amaranta. úrsula would bring them coffee and milk and biscuits and would take over the children so that they would not bother them. Amaranta was really making an effort to kindle in her heart the forgotten ashes of her youthful passion. With an anxiety that came to be intolerable, she waited for the lunch days, the afternoons of Chinese checkers, and time flew by in the company of the warrior with a nostalgic name whose fingers trembled imperceptibly as he moved the pieces. But the day on which Colonel Gerineldo Márquez repeated his wish to marry her, she rejected him.
"I'm not going to marry anyone," she told him, "much less you. You love Aureliano so much that you want to marry me because you can't marry him."
Colonel Gerineldo Márquez was a patient man. "I'll keep on insisting," he said. "Sooner or later I'll convince you." He kept on visiting the house. Shut up in her bedroom biting back her secret tears, Amaranta put her fingers in her ears so as not to bear the voice of the suitor as he gave úrsula the latest war news, and in spite of the fact that she was dying to see him she had the strength not to go out and meet him. At that time Colonel Aureliano Buendía took the time to send a detailed account to Macondo every two weeks. But only once, almost eight months after he had left, did he write to úrsula. A special messenger brought a sealed envelope to the house with a sheet of paper inside bearing the colonel's delicate hand: Take good care of Papa because he is going to die. úrsula became alarmed. "If Aureliano says so it's because Aureliano knows," she said. And she had them help her take José Arcadio Buendía to his bedroom. Not only was he as heavy as ever, but during his prolonged stay under the chestnut tree he had developed the faculty of being able to increase his weight at will, to such a degree that seven men were unable to lift him and they had to drag him to the bed. A smell of tender mushrooms, of wood-flower fungus, of old and concentrated outdoors impregnated the air of the bedroom as it was breathed by the colossal old man weather-beaten by the sun and the rain. The next morning he was not in his bed. In spite of his undiminished strength, José Arcadio Buendía was in no condition to resist. It was all the same to him. If he went back to the chestnut tree it was not because he wanted to but because of a habit of his body. úrsula took care of him, fed him, brought him news of Aureliano. But actually, the only person with whom he was able to have contact for a long time was Prudencio Aguilar. Almost pulverized at that time by the decrepitude of death, Prudencio Aguilar would come twice a day to chat with him.
她说到枪毙,连她自己都不相信真会发生这样的事,可是政府恰在这时公开声称,如果叛军下交出列奥阿察,他们就要处决格林列尔多·马克斯上校。不准探监了。阿玛兰塔躲在卧室里流泪,感到内疚,就象雷麦黛丝死的时候那样,仿佛她那不吉祥的话再一次招来了死神,母亲安慰她,肯定地说,奥雷连诺上校一定会想法阻止行刑;她还答应:战争一旦结束,她自己会把格林列尔多招来。乌苏娜早于所说的期限履行了自己的诺言。格林列尔多·马克斯担任军政长官以后,重新来到她们家中时,乌苏娜欢迎他就象欢迎亲生儿子似的,不住地奉承他,竭力把他留在家里,衷心地祈求上帝,希望格林列尔多想起自己跟阿玛兰塔结婚的打算。乌苏娜的祈求似乎得到了回答。格林列尔多·马克斯上校到布恩蒂亚家里吃饭的日子里,他总留在秋海棠长廊上跟阿玛兰塔下跳棋。乌苏娜给他俩送上咖啡和饼干,亲自注意不让孩子打扰他俩的幽会。阿玛兰塔真的竭力让自己青春的热情死灰复燃。现在,她怀着越来越难受的焦急心情,等待格林列尔多·马克斯上校在食桌边出现,等待傍晚跟他下棋。跟这个军人在一块儿,时间是过得飞快的;这人有一个富于诗意的名字*,他的指头移动棋子稍微有点儿颤抖。但是,格林列尔多·马克斯重新向阿玛兰塔求婚的那一天,她又拒绝了他。格林列尔多,西班牙民间诗歌中的人物,国王的女儿爱上的一个少年侍卫。
“我不嫁给任何人,”阿玛兰塔说,“尤其是你。你那样爱奥雷连诺,你想跟我结婚,只是因为你不能跟他结婚。”
格林列尔多·马克斯是个有耐心的人。“我可以等,”他说。“我迟早能够说服你。”于是,他继续到这个家里来作客。阿玛兰塔把自己关在卧室里,忍住暗中的呻吟,拿手指塞住耳朵,免得听到求婚者告诉乌苏娜最新战况的声音,尽管她想见他想得要死,但她还是竭力忍住不出去见他。这时,奥雷连诺上校还有足够的空闲时间,每两周都向马孔多发来详细情报,但他只有一次写信给乌苏娜,大约在他离开马孔多八个月之后。一位专派的信差送来一封盖了火漆大印的信,里面有一小张纸,纸上是上校规整的笔迹:“当心爸爸——他快要死啦,”乌苏娜惊慌起来:“既然奥雷连诺那么说,可见他知道。”于是,她请人帮她把霍·阿·布恩蒂亚搬进卧室。他不仅象从前那样重,而且长年累月朱在栗树下面,练成了随意增加体重的本领,以致七个男人都无法把他从板凳上抬起,只好将他拖到床上去。这个身躯高大、日晒雨淋的老头儿一住进卧室,室内的空气就充满了开花的栗树和菌类植物的浓烈气味和年深月久的潮气。第二天早晨,他的床铺就空了。乌苏娜找遍了所有的房间,发现丈夫又在栗树下面了。于是,他们把他捆在床上。尽管霍。 阿·布恩蒂亚力气未衰,但他没有反抗,他对一切都是无所谓的。他回到栗树下去,并不是他有意这么千,而是因为他的身体习惯于那个地方。乌苏娜照顾他,给他吃的,把奥雷连诺的消息告诉他。但是,实际上,他长期接触的只有一个人——普鲁登希奥·阿吉廖尔。普鲁登希奥·阿吉廖尔死后已经衰朽不堪,每天都来两次跟他聊天。
背景阅读

作者简介:

加西亚·马尔克斯(1927一)哥伦比亚作家,记者。生于马格达莱纳省阿拉卡塔卡镇。父亲是个电报报务员兼顺势疗法医生。他自小在外祖父家中长大。外祖父当过上校军官,性格善良、倔强,思想比较激进;外祖母博古通今,善讲神话传说及鬼怪故事,这对作家日后的文学创作有着重要的影响。

加西亚·马尔克斯作品的主要特色是幻想与现实的巧妙结合,以此来反映社会现实生活,审视人生和世界。重要作品有长篇小说《百年孤独》(1967)《家长的没落》(1975)、《霍乱时期的爱情》(1985)等。

本书简介:

《百年孤独》内容复杂,人物众多,情节离奇,手法新颖。马尔克斯在书中溶汇了南美洲特有的五彩缤纷的文化。他通过描写小镇马孔多的产生、兴盛到衰落、消亡,表现了拉丁美洲令人惊异的疯狂历史。小说以“汇集了不可思议的奇迹和最纯粹的现实生活”荣获1982年诺贝尔文学奖。

创作历程:

从1830年至十九世纪末的70年间,哥伦比亚爆发过几十次内战,使数十万人丧生。本书以很大的篇幅描述了这方面的史实,并且通过书中主人公带有传奇色彩的生涯集中表现出来。政客们的虚伪,统治者们的残忍,民众的盲从和愚昧等等都写得淋漓尽致。作家以生动的笔触,刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物,描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。在这个家族中,夫妻之间、父子之间、母女之间、兄弟姐妹之间,没有感情沟通,缺乏信任和了解。尽管很多人为打破孤独进行过种种艰苦的探索,但由于无法找到一种有效的办法把分散的力量统一起来,最后均以失败告终。这种孤独不仅弥漫在布恩迪亚家族和马孔多镇,而且渗入了狭隘思想,成为阻碍民族向上、国家进步的一大包袱。
作家写出这一点,是希望拉丁美洲民众团结起来,共同努力摆脱孤独。所以,《百年孤独》中浸淫着的孤独感,其主要内涵应该是对整个苦难的拉丁美洲被排斥现代文明世界的进程之外的愤懑[mèn]和抗议,是作家在对拉丁美洲近百年的历史、以及这块大陆上人民独特的生命力、生存状态、想象力进行独特的研究之后形成的倔强的自信。这个古老的家族也曾经在新文明的冲击下,努力的走出去寻找新的世界,尽管有过畏惧和退缩,可是他们还是抛弃了传统的外衣,希望溶入这个世界。可是外来文明以一种侵略的态度来吞噬这个家族,于是他们就在这样一个开放的文明世界中持续着“百年孤独”。作者表达着一种精神状态的孤独来批判外来者对拉美大陆的一种精神层面的侵略,以及西方文明对拉美的歧视与排斥。“羊皮纸手稿所记载的一切将永远不会重现,遭受百年孤独的家族,注定不会在大地上第二次出现了。” 作者用一个毁灭的结尾来表达了自己深深的愤懑。

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重点单词
  • envelopen. 信封,封皮,壳层
  • alarmedadj. 受惊的;焦虑的;惊恐的 v. 报警(alarm
  • tenderadj. 温柔的,嫩的,脆弱的 ,亲切的,敏感的,未成熟
  • carelessadj. 粗心的,疏忽的 n. 不关心的,粗心的[反]a
  • delicaten. 精美的东西 adj. 精美的,微妙的,美味的,纤细
  • executionn. 执行,实施,处决 n. 技巧,表演,演奏,杀
  • kindlev. 燃烧,使 ... 著火,引起,激发
  • nostalgicadj. 怀旧的,乡愁的
  • rebeln. 叛徒,起义者,反叛者 adj. 造反的,反抗的 v
  • delightfuladj. 令人愉快的,可喜的