the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs
未参保集体企业退休人员基本养老保障
policies for assisting and supporting them
扶残助残的各项政策
the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist
按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制
the primary and secondary distribution of income
初次分配和再分配
monopoly industries
垄断行业
total payroll and wage scales
工资总额和工资水平
off-the-books income
灰色收入
income gap
收入差距
low-income housing projects
保障性安居工程
the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences
自住性住房消费
the market for used homes
二手房市场
speculative housing purchases
投机性购房
differentiated credit
差别化信贷
the methods for managing and using income from land
土地收入管理使用办法
keep land unused, property hoarding, and price rigging
圈地不建、捂盘惜售、哄抬房价