李肇星：

　　时间已经超过中午12点，为了让更多的记者朋友有机会提问，经请示总理，我们记者会的时间再延长十来分钟。

　　It’s already past 12 but to give more journalists more opportunities to ask questions, I have solemnly consent to the Premier to extend the press conference by about 10 minutes.

　　新加坡《联合早报》记者：

　　我们想请问关于“十二五”规划的问题。我们留意到中国的知识界对于“十二五”规划给予了很高的评价，认为它为中国的未来指明了更好的方向。但是中国有一句话叫知易行难。转变经济增长方式这个概念早从上个世纪90年代中期就一直提到今天，请问温总理，您认为“十二五”规划要得到真正地实施，真正地贯彻落实，最难的地方在哪里？

　　I’m with Lianhe Zaobao of Singapore. My question is also about the 12th Five-year Plan. We have seen that the academic community has spoken highly of this plan, holding the view that it charts the future course for China’s development. But we also know that as a Chinese saying goes “it is easy to identify a problem but it’s not easy to act on it”. Actually, the concept of transforming the economic development pattern has been repeatedly mentioned ever since the middle of the 1990s. So my question is: Mr. Premier, what poses the biggest difficulty in ensuring the effective implementation of the 12th Five-year Plan?

　　温家宝:

　　你提到转变发展方式知易行难，最难难在什么地方？我以为难在两个方面：一是观念；一是创新机制和干部考核的标准。所谓创新机制，其实决定一个国家发展的主要在教育和科技。我一直强调，中国的振兴不单在经济总量，而根本在人才和科技进步，并且要建立和完善鼓励科技进步、人才成长的机制。通过改革促进产学研的结合，我以为有两个数字比GDP更为重要，一是教育经费占国民经济的比重；一是研发经费占生产的比重。这两条就决定了我们这个民族和国家的创新力量，这才是最有力、最持久、最可靠的发展因素。所谓观念，就是要彻底转变唯GDP的观念。推动经济社会发展，改善人民生活，需要不断地增加经济总量，但是这种总量的增加是不能以过度地消耗资源、能源和污染环境为代价。那样不仅不可持续，而且会给我们子孙后代造成影响。与它相关的就是干部政绩的考核。我以为对干部政绩的考核，最重要的不仅要看一个地区的经济总量，而且要看经济与社会发展的协调，社会事业的发展和社会的进步，公平正义和人民生活的改善。如果不彻底从根本上解决这两条，我们现在制定的计划也是难以实现的。谢谢。

　　We have set the target of transforming China’s economic development pattern as you rightly put in your question. It’s easy to identify a problem but it’s difficult to act on it. You asked what poses the biggest difficulty in achieving this objective. I think I can give you a two-fold answer: First, I think we must transform our mindset. And second, I believe it is essential for us to boost the innovation capabilities and in particular related aspect that is we must set out the right criteria in evaluating the performance of government officials in pursuing China’s development. With respect to the mechanisms for enhancing our innovation capability, I would like to say that I believe education, science and technology development play an essential role in pursuing overall development in China. I have always emphasized that to achieve China’s revitalization, it is not just about how big the economy is. It is also about and more
　　新华社和中国新华新闻电视网记者：

　　总理您好。去年农民收入的增长是27年来首次超过了城镇居民。请问总理，这是否意味着在扭转城乡差距扩大的进程中出现了一个拐点？“十二五”时期能否保持住这种变化的趋势？谢谢。

　　I’m with Xinhua News Agency and China Xinhua News Network Cooperation. Last year that was for the first time in 20 years we saw that farmer’s incomes grew faster than urban incomes. Does that indicate a reversal of the widening income gap between urban and rural areas in China and will this momentum continue this year?

　　温家宝：

　　应该说这些年来，农民的收入有大幅度的增长，到去年达到5119块，增长幅度超过10%，也超过了城镇居民收入的增长幅度，这是一个可喜的现象。农民收入的增长大致是三个来源。第一是农产品，或者说是叫农业收入。我们在2006年全部免除了农业税，当年中央财政的补贴就达到1326亿元。与此同时，我们开始对农民实行生产补贴，每年的补贴额超过1200亿元。此外，我们在农村实行了免费的9年义务制教育，并且对贫困地区和贫困家庭的孩子，免除了书本费和住宿费。在中等职业学校，我们还特别规定，来自农村的孩子和学农专业的孩子全部免费。这些都是农民收入增长的一个重要因素。但是更为主要的，就是我们消除了农民进城的歧视。现在农民进城务工的多达2.42亿人，农民的工资性收入占到50%。第三是部分农民还有财产性收入。农民收入应该说有了很大的提高，但是我们不能盲目乐观，农业基础还不够巩固，农民收入增长也还不够稳定。农民收入的增长是我们实现社会公平，特别是收入分配公平的一个极为重要的方面。为此，我们还要做出极大的努力。比如，我们前几年农产品的价格提高了20%-40%，今年在这个基础上，我们实行的最低收购价继续大幅提升。我们正在贯彻关于积极稳妥地实行户籍制度改革，让符合条件的农民工进城落户。同时，着力解决农民工生活和工作存在的问题，包括培训、子女上学和社会保障。所有这些我觉得都会进一步提高农民的收入。

　　In recent years, the farmer’s incomes in China have been rising fairly fast. Last year, farmer’s income reached 5,919 RMB yuan. And for the first time, it increased faster than urban income. It rose by over 10%. This is indeed encouraging. There are three main sources of the farmer’s income: First, in 2006, we fully rescinded agricultural taxes, and for that year, the central government allocated 132.6 billion yuan for this purpose. At the same time, we have raised the production subsidies for farmers and this year, the figure will exceed 120 billion RMB yuan. In the rural areas, we have introduced the free 9-year compulsory education. We have exempted the textbook fees and expenditures for living on campus for rural poor students. Moreover, the secondary vocational education has been made free of charge for rural students and students who have agriculture-related majors. This is an
　　温家宝：

　　最后，在座的有日本记者吗？

　　Do we have Japanese journalists present here today?

　　我想说几句话，我不是让你提问啊。

　　Not to give you an opportunity to ask question but I just want to say a few words here.

　　三天以前，日本遭受了历史上罕见的特大地震灾害，给日本人民的生命财产造成了巨大的损失。我想借此机会，向在这次灾难中遇难的日本人民表示深切的哀悼，向全体日本人民表示诚挚的慰问。中国也是一个多地震的国家，我们感同身受。在汶川发生特大地震的时候，日本政府派了救援队，并且给中国以物资上的支援。我们的救援队昨天已经到达日本，我们运送的救灾物资也到达了日本。我们将根据日本的需要，愿意继续提供必要的帮助。请你代为转达。

　　Actually, I have a message that I hope you will convey to the Japanese people. Japan was hit by a devastating earthquake 3 days ago. The earthquake has inflicted an enormous life and property loses. So I want to use today’s opportunity to extend our deep condolences to the lost lives in this disaster and to express our sincere sympathies to the Japanese people. China is also a country that is prone to earthquake disasters, and we fully empathize with how the Japanese people feel now. When the massive earthquake hit Wenchuan of China, the Japanese government sent a rescue team to China and also offered rescue supplies. The Chinese rescue team arrived in Japan yesterday. And we have provided relief supplies to the Japanese side and we will provide more in light of the needs of the Japanese side.

　　李肇星：

　　感谢温总理，也感谢张璐译员，也感谢各位记者朋友，总理记者见面会到此结束。再见!

　　Thank you, Mr. Premier!