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There are three stages of labor. Each of these stages varies according to the woman and many other factors.The first stage includes early labor, when the cervix thins (effacement) and begins to open (dilate) from zero to three centimeters. This stage may take hours or days.

分娩全程可分为三个阶段，每个阶段因受产妇和其他因素的影响均不相同。将第一产程潜伏期和活跃期。在潜伏期，宫颈变薄（子宫颈薄化），宫口扩张至3cm。这一过程需要数小时或者几天。

During active labor, the cervix opens further, and contractions become stronger and more frequent. Transition follows with the cervix becoming fully dilated to ten centimeters, and the second stage of labor begins. Contractions in this stage become stronger as the baby is pushed down the birth canal. The head crowns (is seen from outside), and the baby is finally delivered.
在活跃期，宫颈进一步扩张，宫缩强度和频率加强，直到宫口完全张开至10cm，第二产程发动。在第二产程，当胎儿被推入产道时宫缩会变得更强。胎头着冠（胎头越过骨盆出口，宫缩间歇时胎头不再回缩，可以从外面看到），胎儿最终娩出。
The second stage can last minutes to hours. During the third stage, soon after the birth of the baby, the placenta is delivered. The third stage, or placental delivery, usually occurs within ten minutes of birth."

第二产程需数分钟到数小时。在第三产程，在胎儿娩出后不久，胎盘娩出。第三产程，又叫胎盘娩出期，通常在胎儿娩出十分钟内发生。

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在科技飞速发展的21世纪，医学的学习和研究不能与国际社会脱离，以英语为媒介的专业交流越来越普遍。通过本栏目的学习让大家拜托对医学英语的畏惧感，开口自信地交流沟通吧！

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