(单词翻译:单击)
阅读试题
Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumpingthan when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
"We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain 'speak' to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those who maybe suffering from serious stress disorder."
阅读试题
47. What is the finding of the study?
A. One's heart affects how he feels fear.
B. fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.
C. fear has something to do with one's health.
D. Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
48. The study was carried out by analyzing _______.
A. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
B. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication
49.Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?
A. Order.B. system.
C. Machine.
D. Treatment.
50.This study may contribute to _______.
A. treating anxiety and stress better
B. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
C. finding the sky to the heart-brain communication
D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads参考译文
不仅心脏能感觉到恐惧，大脑也可以。根据一项研究发现，心脏跳动的周期与人感到恐惧的机会是有联系的。
在健康志愿者身上的测试发现，与他们的心跳放松的时候相比，在他们感觉到他们的心脏收缩，全身血液涌流的时候，他们更有可能感到害怕。科学家说，结果表明，心脏能够影响大脑对可怕事件的反应，这取决于它是处于固定的收缩和放松周期的哪一点。
布莱顿苏塞克斯医学院的莎拉·加芬克尔说:“我们的研究首次表明，我们处理恐惧的方式是不同的，这取决于与我们的心脏相比，我们看到可怕的图片的时间。”
当给他们展示可怕面孔的照片时，研究测试了这20名健康志愿者对恐惧的反应。加芬克尔博士说：“研究表明，当人的心脏收缩时比心脏放松时更容易注意到可怕的面孔。所以我们的心脏也会影响我们所看到的以及我们看不到的东西，并且能指示出我们是否看到恐惧。”
为了进一步理解这种关系，科学家还用大脑扫描仪来显示大脑是如何对心脏改变一个人的恐惧情感的方式产生影响的。
加芬克尔博士说：“我们发现了一个重要原理，那就是可以通过心脏和大脑彼此的‘对话’来改变我们的感觉，从而减少恐惧。”
“我们希望通过增加我们对如何处理恐惧以及减少恐惧的方法的理解，我们能为焦虑症患者以及那些可能患有严重的应激障碍的人开发出更多成功的治疗方案。”答案解析
47. A 考查细节理解。根据第一段的内容可知研究发现心脏的搏动会影响人对恐惧的感觉。
48. C 考查细节理解。根据第四段的第一句以及第五段的内容可知研究是通过分析志愿者对恐怖图片的反应以及对他们的大脑扫描的数据来进行的。
49. B 考查词义理解。根据画线词所在句及全文的内容可知mechanism有"系统，原理"之意。
50. A 考查细节理解。根据最后一段的内容可知该研究可以帮助我们更好地治疗忧虑与压力。
