Lesson 7
第7课
criticize/-ise
vt. 批评；评论
He always ignores his faults and criticizes others.
他总是严以律人，宽以待己。
extensive
a. 广阔的；广泛的
We are going to Inner Mongolia to enjoy the extensive view of grasslands this summer vacation.
这个暑假，我们要到内蒙古去欣赏大草原的广阔景象。
adapt
vt. 使适应；修改 vi. （to）适应
Having lived in Guangzhou for years, some people still can't adapt (themselves) to the hot and humid weather.
有些人在广州生活多年，却仍然不适应炎热又潮湿的天气。
adopt
vt. 收养；采用；批准
Circumstances will force us finally to adopt this policy.
情况最终会迫使我们采用这项政策。
obstacle
n. 障碍（物）
Fear of change is an obstacle to progress.
害怕变革是进步的拦路虎。
bankrupt
a. 破产的；彻底缺乏的 vt. 使破产 n. 破产者
A company will go bankrupt because of poor management.
公司会因经营管理不善而破产。
advantage
n. 优点；好处
Every advantage has its disadvantage.
有利必有弊。
affect
v. 影响
The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health.
她体质弱，天气稍有变化就受到影响。
reveal
vt. 揭露；展现
Should a doctor reveal to a cancer patient his condition?
医生应当向癌症病人透露病情吗？
threaten
vt. 威胁；是…的征兆 vi. 构成威胁
When your love for someone is rejected, in no case should you threaten him/her with death.
当爱被拒绝的时候，千万不要以死相威胁。
typical
a. 典型的
The architecture of the Chinese imperial garden Yuanming yuan has a typical baroque style--highly ornate and extravagant.
中国帝王御花园圆明园的建筑风格是典型的巴洛克风格—装饰极其奢华。
ultimate
a. 极端的；最后的 n. 终极
The anti-Japanese war ended for us in an ultimate victory.
抗日战争以我们的最后胜利而告终。
dispose
vt. 布置；使倾向于 vi. （of）丢掉；处理
We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and magazines.
我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉。
Breakthrough
n. 突破
There was an exciting new breakthrough in the treatment of heart disease.
心脏病治疗取得了令人兴奋的新突破。
dispute
n./v. 争论，争吵 vt. 就…发生争论 vi. 争吵
In many Western countries, there has been much dispute over the question of legalized abortion.
在许多西方国家，堕胎合法化问题引起了许多争论。
crisis
n. 危机；决定性时刻
The Indian Prime Minister said the 1997 Southeast Asian financial crisis showed that volatile capital flows could threaten even vibrant economies.
印度总理说1997年的东南亚金融危机表明，资金流动不稳甚至对经济活跃的国家都会造成威胁。
infect
vt. 感染；影响
In India, more than 5.7 million people are infected with AIDS.
在印度，有570多万人感染了艾滋病。
largely
ad. 大部分
The old tea clippers were largely replaced by steamships during the 19th century.
旧式的快速运茶帆船在19世纪时基本上被汽船代替了。
relieve
vt. 使轻松；减轻；使得到调剂；接替
The painkillers can only relieve your pain. You need other medicine to cure your disease.
止痛药只能减轻疼痛。要治好病，还需要其他药物。
relief
n. 轻松；缓解；使得到调剂；接替
I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.
听说通过了考试，我感到轻松多了。
stress
n. 压力；强调；应力；重音 vt. 强调，重读
She failed to withstand the stresses and strains of public life.
她承受不了作为一个公众人物的生活压力和紧张。
intensive
a. 加强的；精工细作的
Intensive care in hospitals is given to the seriously ill.
在医院里危重病人得到加强护理。
withdraw
vt. 提取，收回；撤销；撤退 vi. 撤退
It's more convenient to withdraw money from an ATM than from the bank.
在自动柜员机取钱比到银行取要方便。
victim
n. 牺牲品，受害者
Hitler was also a victim of his own scheme.
希特勒本人也是他自己阴谋的牺牲品。
tragedy
n. 灾难；悲剧
Hitler's invasion of Poland led to the tragedy of the Second World War.
希特勒入侵波兰，导致了第二次世界大战的悲剧。
relate
vi. （to）有关联；适应 vt. 使互相关联；讲述
In the court, a witness must honestly relate what he has seen.
法庭上，目击者必须如实讲述所目睹的一切。
severe
a. 严重的；严厉的；严峻的；朴素的
She received severe head injuries in the accident.
她在事故中头部受了重伤。
heal
vt. 使愈合，使康复；调停 vi. 愈合
Time heals all sorrows.
时间会治愈一切忧伤。
tendency
n. 趋向
There is a growing tendency in society to regard money more highly than quality of life.
社会上一种越来越流行的趋向是把钱看得比生活质量还重要。
statistic
n. 统计数值，统计资料；(-s)统计学
Statistics show that there are more males than females in our country.
统计数字表明我国男性比女性人数多。
survive
vi. 幸存 vt. 从…逃出；从…中挺过来；比…活得长
Few survived (after) the plane crash.
幸免于空难的人极少。（飞机失事后生还者极少。）
survival
n. 幸存；幸存者
The future survival of the panda is an important ecological concern in China.
熊猫的未来生存问题是中国所关注的一个重要的生态问题。
principle
n. 原则；基本信念
On the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, there can be reasonable dialogues between any two governments.
以和平共处五项原则为基础，任何两国政府间都可以进行合理的对话。
virtue
n. 美德，德行；优点
Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount.
勇气是所有其他美德的阶梯。
thereby
ad. 从而
He redesigned the process, thereby saving the company thousands of dollars.
他重新设计了这个程序，从而为公司节省了好几千美元。
particularly
ad. 特别，尤其
Everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him.
每个人在历史上都有只属于他自己的一刻。
slight
a. 轻微的；纤细的 vt./n. 轻视
Women easily take offence at the slightest things.
女人容易动不动就（为最微不足道的事）生气。
facility
n. (pl.)设备；便利
A library is one of the most important education facilities in a university.
图书馆是大学里最重要的教育设施之一。
lest
conj. 唯恐
We spoke in whispers lest we (should) be heard.
我们低声说话，唯恐被别人听到。
passion
n. 激情；酷爱
Celine Dion's singing is always filled with passion, and her song My Heart Will Go On is a good example.
席琳·迪翁的演唱总是充满激情，她那首《我心永恒》就是典型的例子。
maintenance
n. 维修；扶养费；维持
There are thorough maintenance checks on each passenger plane before take-off.
每架客机起飞前都要经过彻底维修。
inevitable
a. 不可避免的
If the population continues to expand, mass starvation and ecological disaster will be the inevitable consequences.
如果人口继续膨胀，大面积饥荒和生态灾害将会是不可避免的后果。
apply
vi. 申请；适用 vt. 实施；涂
He is from a poor family, and has to apply to the bank for a loan to finish his college education.
他家境贫穷，不得不向银行申请贷款以完成大学学业。
balance
n. 平衡；秤；结存 vt. 使平衡；称；权衡
Don't be excited; keep your balance.
不要激动，保持镇定。
negotiate
v. 协商；顺利通过
It is difficult to negotiate when neither will trust.
双方彼此不信任便很难进行协商。
approve
vt. 赞成；批准 vi. （of）赞成，称许
China will approve more foreign insurers to sell policies in China.
中国将批准更多外资保险公司在中国销售保单。
restrict
vt. 限制
By 1900, some cities had begun to restrict the use of automobiles in order to ensure pedestrian safety.
到1900年，已有城市为确保行人的安全而开始限制使用汽车了。
vain
a. 徒劳的；自负的
Many actresses are vain about/of their looks.
许多女演员对自己的外貌颇为自负。
pollution
n. 污染，污染物
Pollution is a serious problem in our daily life; it is necessary for everyone to know something about it and do something to stop it.
正因为污染已成为我们日常生活中的一个严重问题，让每个人都对污染有所认识并自觉采取行动停止污染是非常必要的。
poisonous
a. 有毒的；恶毒的
In many countries, laws have been passed to prevent factories from sending out poisonous gases and polluted water.
许多国家已通过法律来制止工厂排放有毒的气体和污水。
urgent
a. 急迫的，紧要的
Anything that is urgent must be attended to immediately.
任何紧急的事情都必须立即处理。
sustain
vt. 保持；维持；支撑；经受
It is said that Pavarotti, the famous Italian tenor, had to charter a plane whenever he was on a performing tour, because no common seat could sustain his weight.
据说意大利着名的男高音歌唱家帕瓦罗蒂每次巡回演出都得包机，因为没有一张普通的座椅能承受他的体重。
resolution
n. 决议；决心；解决；分辨率
The United Nations passed a resolution to increase aid to the Third World.
联合国通过决议增加对第三世界国家的援助。
ban
vt. 取缔；（from）禁止 n. 禁止，禁令
Distribution of pornography is banned.
禁止销售淫秽出版物。
circulate
v. （使）循环；散布
Those who circulate false news should be condemned.
散布流言者应该受到谴责。
consumption
n. 消耗量；消耗
The low petrol consumption cars are the best selling ones in China's automobile market.
耗油量低的小汽车在中国的汽车市场很畅销。
shrink
vi. 收缩；退缩 vt. 使收缩
This detergent won't shrink wool.
这种洗洁液不会使毛料收缩。
reserve
vt. 保留；预订 n. 储备；保留；替补队员；自然保护区
All rights reserved.
版权所有，侵权必究。
necessity
n. 必需品；必要（性）
Those refugees lack money even for basic food and water—the necessities of life.
那些难民没钱买起码的食品和水等生活的必需品。
feedback
n. 反馈
We need more feedback from the consumer in order to improve our goods.
我们需要从消费者那里得到更多反馈信息以提高产品质量。
excessive
a. 过度的
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides can poison the vegetables and the soil.
过度施用肥料和农药会污染蔬菜和土壤。
domestic
a. 国内的；家（庭）的；驯养的
Electricity charges can be at business or domestic rate.
电费可分为企业用电和家庭用电两种费率。
harmony
n. 和谐，一致
In the beautiful picture, there was harmony between the different colours.
在这幅美丽的图画中，不同的色彩相互协调。
poverty
n. 贫穷
In some rural areas, people live in poverty because of the poverty of the soil.
在一些农村地区，人们因为土壤贫瘠而过着贫穷的生活。
fundamental
a. 基本的 n. (pl.)基本原则
There are fundamental differences between your outlook on life and mine.
我和你的人生观有着本质的不同。
possess
vt. 拥有
It is said that "Viagra" possesses magical powers that can cure impotence.
据说"伟哥"具有治疗阳痿的神奇功效。
basis
n. 基础
A good scenario is the basis of a successful movie.
一个好剧本是一部电影成功的基础。
extent
n. 程度，范围；广度
We are amazed at the extent of his knowledge.
我们对他广博的知识感到惊奇。
derive
vt. 得到；追溯…的起源 vi. （from）起源
Many English words derive/are derived from Latin.
很多英语单词源于拉丁语。
differ
vi. 不同；发生分歧
Many characters in Chinese were adopted by Japanese, but Chinese differs greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.
很多汉字被日语采用，但汉语发音跟日语大不相同。
generous
a. 慷慨的；宽宏大量的
The farmers receive generous subsidies from the government.
农民们从政府那里得到大量的补贴。
individual
a. 个别的；独特的 n. 个人
Each individual student has his own personality, so it is difficult for a teacher to give individual attention to students in a large class.
每个学生都有自己的个性，所以教师在人数多的班上很难对每个学生都给予个别照顾。
enrich
vt. 充实，使丰富；使富裕
An education enriches your mind.
教育能充实人的头脑。
category
n. 种类，类
Books are placed in categories in libraries and bookstores.
图书馆和书店的书是分门别类摆放的。
species
n. 种，类
The Origin of Species was one of the most important books published during the 19th century.
《物种起源》是19世纪出版的最重要的着作之一。
perspective
n. 视角；远景；透视图
The Little Prince was written from a child's perspective.
《小王子》是从小孩子的视角写出来的。
starve
v. （使）挨饿，饿死
It is silly to starve yourself just to be skinny. Remember how the famous American singer Carpenter died? She did such a stupid thing!
为了显得有骨感而挨饿是愚蠢的。记得美国着名歌手卡蓬特是怎么死的？她就做了这种蠢事！
neutral
a. 中立的；中性的
Switzerland is a very small country, which always remains neutral in wars and political affairs.
瑞士是个非常小的国家，它在战争和政治事件上一贯保持中立。
definition
n. 定义；清晰（度）
Definitions should not be more difficult to understand than the words they define.
词语的定义不应比所解释的词语更难理解。
cease
v./n. 停止
The factory ceased production for lack of capital.
工厂由于缺乏资金而停产了。