Word List 14-11

1.fluctuate v．波动，变动
【记】词根记忆：flu(流动)+ctu+ate--波动
【例】Shares on the stock market have fluctuated as a result of a worldwide economic downturn.
全球经济的低迷导致股票市场极不稳定。(2003)

2.sneak v．潜行，溜走 n．怯懦鬼祟的人
【例】The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, only to be captured by the police each time.
这三个人多次尝试从边境潜行到邻国，但是每次都被警方逮住。(1999)
【派】sneakily( adv.偷偷摸摸地，鬼鬼祟祟地)

3.betray vt．背叛，出卖；辜负，不忠于；泄露（秘密等）
【例】That was not the first time he had betrayed us, I think it's high time we took strong actions against him.
那已经不是他第一次背叛我们了，我认为是时候惩罚他一下了。(2005)
【用】betray oneself意思是“露出本来面目；原形毕露”。

4.infer v．推断，推论，推测
【记】词根记忆：in(使)+fer(带来)--带来结果--推断
【例】Infer from his expression that he has not made up his mind yet.
我从他的表情推断出他还没下定决心。
【用】通常情况下，infer和from搭配使用，表示“从…推断出…”，infer后面也可以接that从句，表示“推断的内容”。
【派】inference(n．推论；结论，推断结果)
【辨】infer, deduce, conclude三个词都含有“推断”的意思。infer是由已知事实得出推论；deduce一般是由某依据或实验等推出，如：deduce from experiment; conclude强调的是通过事实推出结论或结果，比较着重的是后面的推论。

5.feat n．功绩，英勇事迹；武艺，技艺
【例】Glenn McGrath believes Australia could achieve a feat never to be matched if they win their third World Cup in a row.
格伦?麦克格拉斯认为，如果澳大利亚连续第三次赢得世界杯的话，那将是前所未有的壮举。

6.manifest v．表明，显示 adj.明显的，易明白的
【记】联想记忆：mani(手)+fest(打)--用手打人，仇恨很明显--明显的
【例】The disease typically manifests itself in a fever and cough.
这种疾病的典型症状是发烧和咳嗽。

7.refine v．净化，精炼；使文雅，使高尚
【记】联想记忆：re(一再)+fine(纯的，精美的)--精炼
【例】The software helps the expert refine his searches.
这个软件能帮专家简化搜索工作。
Reading good books can refine your speech and behavior.
阅读好的书籍可以使人的言谈举止变得文雅。
【派】refined（adj.精炼的；有教养的，举止文雅的）；refinement(n．精炼；优美)；refinery(n．精炼加工厂)

8.replace vt．放回，置于原处；代替，取代；替换，更换
【记】联想记忆：re+place(放置)--重新放置--更换；替换
【例】Now many villagers replace coal by marsh gas as fuel.
现在很多村民用沼气代替煤作燃料。
【派】replacement(n.替代；交换；代用品)