(单词翻译:单击)
When I was a teenager, I was a member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies and I used to get their annual military balance.
在我十几岁的时候，我是国际战略研究所的成员，我曾负责计算他们的年度军事平衡。
And it was all about the numbers back then; it was the number of tanks you could feel and the number of attack helicopters you could feel and how many personnel carriers have come on stream,
那时候一切都是关于数字的；你能感觉到的是坦克的数量，攻击直升机的数量，以及有多少运兵车进入了前线，
and it seemed that those things don't have the same significance today as they did only a couple of decades ago.
似乎这些事情在今天已经不像几十年前那么重要了。
There's still something about conventional combat part, but what's changed is the way that technology has led us back into the missile age.
还有一些关于常规作战部分的东西，但已经改变的是技术将我们带回导弹时代的方式。
And just as the aircraft killed the battleship, the missile is now killing aircraft carrier, and it is now possible to conceive of a world where a country can threaten another country on the other side of the world, without any soldiers, sailors, airmen or marines leaving their homeland through the use of missiles and cyber and social media manipulation.
就像飞机打败了战舰一样，导弹现在也能打败航空母舰，现在可以想象一个国家可以威胁世界另一端的另一个国家，而没有任何士兵、水手、空军或海军陆战队士兵通过使用导弹、网络和社交媒体操纵离开自己的祖国。
Now there's a lot in that and it's quite complicated for us to get our head around because at the same time that you've described hypersonic missiles and remote drones, you've also talked about cyber attacks and social media disinformation.
这里面有很多东西，我们很难理解，因为在你描述高超音速导弹和远程无人机的同时，你也谈到了网络攻击和社交媒体虚假信息。
How can we try to organize or conceptualize those different things?
我们如何组织或概念化这些不同的东西呢？
So, I think we need to settle on two big thoughts.
所以，我认为我们需要确定两个大的想法。
The first is we used to think about peace and war -- and indeed there's an important legal definition in the transition from peace to war, but actually most states in the world today have a set of complex relationships.
首先，我们过去认为从和平到战争的过渡中有一个重要的法律定义，但实际上当今世界上大多数国家都有一套复杂的关系。
And I think this spectrum is best described as the four Cs; we cooperate with some nations, we compete with others, we're in conflict with others, and occasionally we are in confrontation with whole set of folk.
我认为最好用四个C来描述；我们与一些国家合作，我们与其他国家竞争，我们与其他国家发生冲突，偶尔还会与一些国家发生对抗。
So, if you're managing your relationships from corporation through competition, confrontation and conflict, then the role of conventional military hard power is reduced.
因此，如果你通过竞争、对抗和冲突来管理你的关系，那么常规军事硬实力的作用就会减弱。
And the second big thought is we've now rediscovered how to assert influence around the world using levers of power that aren't military.
第二个重要的想法是，我们现在已经重新发现了如何使用非军事的权力杠杆在世界范围内发挥影响力。
And you're not talking about the British Council or the man from the foreign office.
你说的不是英国文化协会或外交部的人。
You're talking about more digital mechanisms.
你说的是更多的数字机制。
No, I am talking in part about that.
不，我说的是这部分。
If-- let's take the United Kingdom example-- the way the United Kingdom, which is inextricably part of a globalized world… it relies on an international order and certainty to feed its people and make its way.
让我们以英国为例，英国是全球化世界不可分割的一部分，它依靠国际秩序和确定性来养活自己的人民，并实现自己的目标。
And it has some military power, but it also has politicians and diplomats and an aid budget and a government that sends messages.
它有一些军事力量，但它也有政客和外交官，还有援助预算和一个传达信息的政府。
But much more than that, it has a really powerful private sector; the city entertainment, sport, tourism.
但更重要的是，它拥有非常强大的私营部门；城市娱乐、体育和旅游业。
And so how the UK makes its point in the world is a combination of yes, military power in very small place.
因此，英国如何在世界上表明自己的观点，是的，军事力量在非常小的地方。
But what the government does, let's call that public sector soft power, but much more decisively, private sector soft power which isn't harnessed in the organized way that a monolithic state can, but it's still really powerful.
但政府所做的，让我们称之为公共部门软实力，但确切地说，是私营部门软实力，这种软实力不像一个国家那样有组织地加以利用，但它仍然非常强大。
