(单词翻译:单击)
We hear often to our dismay at Harvard Business School that some founders who have had success, some entrepreneurs say, “You don’t need an MBA.
在哈佛商学院，我们经常听到一些成功的创始人，一些企业家说，“你不需要MBA学位。
You’re going to learn everything that you need to learn on the job and in the experience.”
你将在工作中和经验中学到所有你需要学到的东西。
But you took a different path.
但是你走了一条不同的路。
And I’m just curious about that, why you decided after already having a successful venture in your pocket, in your back pocket, you decided to go back and get an MBA. Why was that?
我只是很好奇，为什么手中已经有了一个成功的创业机会之后，你决定回去攻读MBA学位呢？为什么会这样呢？
Great question. I struggled with that early on and I put the pursuit of my MBA to the side for many years, focusing on building my company.
问得好。我很早就在这个问题上苦苦挣扎，多年来我把工商管理硕士的“追求”放在一边，专注于建设我的公司。
And this particular experience turned out to be really tremendously valuable.
这段特殊的经历被证明是非常有价值的。
I decided that the time was right in 2019 to get my MBA for three reasons.
我认为2019年是攻读MBA的合适时机，原因有三。
First to learn strategies and techniques to scale my company.
首先要学习扩大公司规模的战略和技术。
I really wanted to grow.
我真的很想成长。
Second, to take advantage of the wonderful entrepreneurial ecosystems of not only MIT but of course also Harvard Business School.
其次，不仅要利用麻省理工学院美妙的创业生态系统，当然也要利用哈佛商学院的创业生态系统。
And third, to obtain the requisite degree to teach at the college level.
第三，取得在大学任教所需的学位。
I really enjoy teaching and have been fortunate to teach at MIT Sloan in the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship.
我真的很喜欢教书，有幸在麻省理工学院斯隆分校马丁信托中心的麻省理工学院创业中心任教。
Jo, the case does a good job of going back and looking at some of the history here that may have led to some of the systemic issues that we know exist.
乔，这个案例很好地回顾了这里的一些历史，这些历史可能导致了一些我们知道存在的系统性问题。
And so I’m wondering if you can talk a little bit about some of the economic peril that Black Americans face today and how it impacts their attitudes about the financial system.
因此，我想知道你是否能稍微谈谈今天美国黑人面临的一些经济危险，以及它如何影响他们对金融体系的态度。
And obviously Kevin, if you want to chime in on that too, that’s fine.
显然，凯文，如果你也想加入进来，那很好。
I think the data sadly is very sad.
我认为可悲的是，这些数据非常令人难过。
There’s a clear wealth gap based on race in America.
美国存在明显的基于种族的贫富差距。
The Census Bureau report that the average Black household owned about $10,000 of assets, the average white household, over A $170,000 of assets.
人口普查局报告显示，黑人家庭平均拥有约1万美元的资产，白人家庭平均拥有超过17万美元的资产。
And the data are very clear on this and there are multiple root causes to the wealth gap, starting with opportunity gap.
在这一点上，数据非常清楚，造成贫富差距的根源是多方面的，首先是机会差距。
For example, we know that education is a very important way for people to be upwardly mobile.
例如，我们知道教育是人们向上流动的一个非常重要的途径。
Well, the GI Bill excluded Black soldiers.
嗯，《美国退伍军人法案》把黑人士兵排除在外。
Those veterans who fought abroad and came home were not given government support to obtain college degrees.
那些在国外作战并回国的退伍军人没有得到政府的支持来获得大学学位。
We also know there’s very variable funding of public school districts.
我们也知道公立学区的资金非常不稳定。
And in fact, another root cause is that there was clear quote unquote, redlining, where predominantly Black neighborhoods were given higher mortgage rates and as a result, property values were lower and as a result, there was less tax dollars available to fund public schools.
事实上，另一个根本原因是有明确的红线，黑人为主的社区被给予更高的抵押贷款利率，因此，房地产价值较低，因此，可用于资助公立学校的税金减少。
There’s no one root cause but multiple root causes but what’s very clear in the data is the wealth gap.
没有一个根本原因，而是多个根本原因，但在数据中非常明显的是贫富差距。
And those multiple causes are what make it a systemic issue. Kevin, you were going to say something there.
这些多重原因使它成为一个系统性问题。凯文，你刚才要说点什么。
There’s so much to discuss here that I fear that my answer will be wildly inadequate.
这里要讨论的东西太多了，我担心我的回答会不充分。
The economic peril of Black Americans starts with the beginnings of this nation and what a colleague of mine calls “unbridled capitalism.”
美国黑人的经济危机始于这个国家的诞生，也就是我的一位同事所说的“肆无忌惮的资本主义”。
We often talk about and see the physical atrocities of slavery in America but we seldom talk about the economic atrocities in real specific terms and the lingering effects.
我们经常谈论和看到美国奴隶制的肉体暴行，但我们很少真正具体地谈论经济暴行及其挥之不去的影响。
