(单词翻译:单击)
Normally, the heir of the pharaoh was also the son of the Great Royal Wife, but this was not always the case. Indeed, that was not what we had here.
通常，法老的继承人也是伟大王室妻子的儿子，但并不总是这样。事实上，我们这里的情况并非如此。
Tuthmosis II succeeded to the throne after his father's death circa 1493 BC, but he was not the son of Ahmose, but rather a secondary wife called Mutnofret.
约公元前1493年，图特摩斯二世在他父亲去世后继承了王位，但他不是阿哈摩斯的儿子，而是第二位妻子Mutnofret的儿子。
The new pharaoh married his stepsister Hatshepsut when she was about 12 years old.
这位新法老在他同父异母的妹妹哈特谢普苏特12岁时娶了她。
They only had one child that we know of, a daughter called Neferure.
据我们所知他们只有一个孩子，一个女儿，叫娜芙蕾。
The pharaoh's other known child was his heir, Tuthmosis III, whom he had with his secondary wife Iset.
这位法老的另一个已知的孩子是他的继承人图特摩斯三世，是他的第二任妻子伊塞特生下的。
The reign of Tuthmosis II is one full of questions, including how long it actually lasted.
图特摩斯二世的统治充满了疑问，包括到底统治了多久。
The traditional length which comes from ancient sources is 13 to 14 years, but some modern Egyptologists argue that it may have been a full decade shorter.
根据古资料，统治时间是13到14年，但一些现代埃及学家认为可能是23到24年。
Assuming the older version, then the pharaoh would have died in 1479 BC.
如果按照更老的版本，法老应该死于公元前1479年。
Technically, he was succeeded by his son, Tuthmosis III, but the new king was only two or three years old so his stepmother, the Great Royal Wife Hatshepsut, ruled as his regent.
严格来说，他的儿子图特摩斯三世继承了王位，但新国王只有两三岁，所以他的继母，伟大的皇家妻子哈特谢普苏特当上了摄政王。
So far, everything went according to protocol, but Hatshepsut was expected to cede all authority when Tuthmosis came of age. She didn't, though.
到目前为止，一切都按照协议进行，但人们预计哈特谢普苏特会在图特摩斯成年后交出所有权力。不过，她并没有。
Instead, she took the power for herself and became a fully fledged pharaoh.
相反，她自己获得了权力，成为了一位完全成熟的法老。
Unfortunately, we don't have the complete details of her rise to the throne.
不幸的是，我们没有关于她登上王位的完整细节。
We don't know if it was something gradual as Hatshepsut kept awarding herself more and more authority or if she took over in one fell swoop.
我们不知道哈特谢普苏特是逐渐授予自己越来越多的权威，还是一举接管的。
We do know that in the early years of her regency, she still used traditional titles such as "King's Chief Wife" or "God's Wife" and was portrayed sitting behind or to the side of the young pharaoh.
我们确实知道，在她摄政的早期，她仍然使用传统的头衔，如“国王的首席妻子”或“上帝的妻子”，并被描绘坐在年轻法老的后面或旁边。
However, around the seventh year of Tuthmosis's reign, she began being depicted as the King of Egypt, with all the titles and regalia that came with it.
然而，在图特摩斯统治的第七年左右，她开始被描述为埃及的国王，并拥有所有的头衔和绶带。
What would have been nice to know is how the people of Egypt reacted to Hatshepsut's power play.
如果能知道埃及人民对哈特谢普苏特的权力作何反应那就太好了。
She ruled as pharaoh for well over a decade so, clearly, they weren't that up in arms about it, but that may also be due to the fact that she took extra steps to gain their approval.
她作为法老统治了十多年，所以很明显，人民并没有那么强烈地反对，但也可能是由于她采取了其他措施得到了人民的认可。
For starters, Hatshepsut established her divine legacy, which was easy to do since she was the daughter of Tuthmosis I, and she also claimed that it was always his will for her to rule alongside her stepbrother.
首先，哈特谢普苏特确立了自己神圣的遗产，这很容易，因为她是图特摩斯一世的女儿，她还声称和她的继兄一起统治一直是图特摩斯一世的意愿。
Afterwards, she obtained the support of the high officials.
后来，她得到了高官们的支持。
How exactly she did this, we don't know, probably with bribes and promotions, but we do know the name of one man who achieved great status during her reign.
我们不知道她到底是怎么做到的，可能是通过贿赂和提拔，但我们知道有一个人在她统治期间获得了很高的地位。
His name was Senenmut and he was, among others, the Great Treasurer, the Chief Royal Architect, and the Chief Steward of the King's Daughter.
他的名字叫塞内姆特，他是大司库、皇家首席建筑师和国王女儿的首席管家。
Because of his swift rise to power, there has been speculation that he and Hatshepsut might have been lovers, but there is no proof of this.
由于他迅速掌权，有人猜测他和哈特谢普苏特可能是恋人，但没有证据。
His true legacy is the mortuary temple that he designed and built for Hatshepsut which remains, even today, among the most recognizable examples of ancient Egyptian architecture.
他真正的遗产是他为哈特谢普苏特设计和建造的祭庙，直到今天，它仍是古埃及最著名的建筑之一。
Moreover, there was also the ceiling decoration of his own tomb which contains a celestial diagram and represents one of the most detailed displays of Egyptian astronomy.
此外，他的坟墓的天花板上也装饰着一幅天体图，是埃及天文学最详细的展示之一。
The last step in Hatshepsut's process to secure power was the most unusual as it had not been employed by any of the other female pharaohs - Hatshepsut portrayed herself as a man.
哈特谢普苏特获得权力的最后一步是最不寻常的，因为其他任何一位女法老都没有使用过——哈特谢普苏特把自己描绘成一个男人。
There are statues and inscriptions of her where she was clearly depicted with a male body and described using male pronouns.
在她的雕像和碑文中，她被清晰地描绘成男性的身体，并使用男性代词进行描述。
She even had the fake, pointy beard that we see on a lot of pharaohs.
她甚至还有我们在很多法老身上看到的假尖胡子。
That being said, this practice wasn't universal and we also have statues where Hatshepsut is shown as a woman, as well as inscriptions where she used feminine titles such as the "Female Horus" or "Daughter of Ra."
话虽如此，这种做法并不是普遍的，我们也有哈特谢普苏特作为女性出现的雕像，以及她使用女性标题的碑文，如“女荷鲁斯”或“太阳神的女儿”
Perhaps once she felt that her position was secure, she abandoned the custom.
也许一旦她觉得自己的地位稳固了，就放弃了这种习惯。
The Reign of the Pharaoh Now we move on to Hatshepsut's motivation for her power grab.
现在我们来看看哈特谢普苏特夺取权力的动机。
Many historians believe she did it purely to satisfy her ambition.
许多历史学家认为她这么做纯粹是为了满足自己的野心。
In fact, when Hatshepsut's story was first being unraveled about a century ago, she was portrayed in a very negative light.
事实上，当哈特谢普苏特的故事在一个世纪前第一次被揭露时，她被描绘成一个非常负面的形象。
Scholars of that time accused her of acts of deception and deviant behavior.
当时的学者指责她的欺骗和越轨行为。
They called her the "vilest type of usurper" and a "vain, ambitious, and unscrupulous woman."
他们称她为“最卑鄙的篡位者”和“虚荣、野心勃勃、不择手段的女人”。
They said that her husband, Tuthmosis II, was a frail and weak ruler whom she easily pushed around and manipulated while the scheming Senenmut was her co-conspirator and lover.
他们说，她的丈夫图特摩斯二世是一个虚弱无力的统治者，她可以轻易摆布和操纵他，而诡计多侧的塞南穆特则是她的同谋和情人。
Meanwhile, Tuthmosis III grew up loathing his stepmother and took revenge on her after she died by trying to erase her name from history.
与此同时，图特摩斯三世在成长过程中对他的继母深恶痛绝，并在她死后对她进行报复，试图将她的名字从历史上抹去。
