Hi, there. My name is Emma, and in today's video, I am going to teach you some new words.
大家好，我是Emma，在今天的视频中我要教你们一些新单词。
These words are all compound adjectives, so what is a compound adjective?
这些单词全都是复合形容词，什么是复合形容词呢？
Well, a compound adjective is when you have two words...two different words together with a hyphen.
复合形容词就是由两个单词......用连字符连在一起的两个不同的单词。
English is full of compound adjectives, I'm going to teach you maybe eight compound adjectives that all have to do with people's personalities.
英语里满是复合形容词，我要教你们大概八个复合形容词，这些词都是用来形容人的性格的。
So if you're describing a friend, a roommate, your family, these are the types of words you can use. So let's get started.
如果你们要描述朋友、室友或家人，这些就是你们可以使用的单词类型。那我们开始吧。
The first word I want to teach you is "open-minded", okay?
我要教你们的第一个词是"open-minded"（思想开放的）。

"Open-minded", students have a lot of trouble with the pronunciation of this word.
"open-minded"，学生在读这个单词的时候会出现很多问题。
Many students say, "I have" or "I am open-mind"; "I am open-mind", no, you need "open-minded",/did/.
很多学生会说"I am open-mind"，不行，你们应该说"open-minded"，后面的音是/did/。
Students always forget the "-ed" at the end.
学生们经常会把最后的"-ed"忘了。
So be aware, be careful, what does it mean to be "open-minded"?
仔细注意一下，很"open-minded"是什么意思呢？
If you are open-minded, it means you like to try new things, when something happens, when you have an opportunity to try something new, you will do it, you're a "yes person".
如果你很"open-minded"，意思就是你喜欢尝试新事物，当某件事发生时，当你有机会尝试某个新鲜事物时，你会去做，不会拒绝。
If somebody says, "Do you want to eat a spider?", well, this might be extreme, but in some cultures, they eat spiders.
如果某个人说：“你要不要吃个蜘蛛？”，好吧，这可能有点极端，但是在有些地方，人们会吃蜘蛛。
They might ask you, "Do you want to eat a spider?"
他们可能会问你：“你要不要吃个蜘蛛？”
If you're open-minded, you'll say, "Sure. Yeah. Let's try it."
如果你很"open-minded"，你会说“当然啦，好啊，尝尝看。”
You know, that's a little extreme, there are other cases of being open-minded.
那有点极端，还有其他"open-minded"的例子。
Here's another example, "I try to eat the local food because I'm open-minded."
再给你们举一个例子，"I try to eat the local food because I'm open-minded."（我试着吃了吃当地的食物，因为我思想很开放）。
Okay? So you like to try new things, you are open-minded.
所以如果你喜欢尝试新事物，那你就很"open-minded"。
Maybe you have never been outside of your country, if you go to a new country, maybe you'll notice there are differences in the culture.
也许你从来没出过你自己的国家，如果你去了一个新的国家，也许你会注意到两国的文化存在差异。
If these differences aren't upsetting to you, if you're willing to meet new people, try new things, learn new ways of living, you are "open-minded".
如果这些差异没有让你觉得很烦，如果你愿意结识陌生人，尝试新事物，学习新的生活方式，那你就很"open-minded"。
The opposite of "open-minded"... just like you open a door, "closed", "closed-minded".
"open-minded"的反义词是......就像开门一样，"open"的反义词是"closed"，所以它的反义词就是"closed-minded"（思想保守的）。
So be careful with the pronunciation of this, "closed-minded", so it's not "close-ed-minded".
注意这个词的发音，前面的"-ed"很简短，不要读得太长了。
"Closed-minded", if you are "closed-minded", you don't like to try new things, trying new things is very uncomfortable for you.
"closed-minded"，如果你很"closed-minded"，也就是说你不喜欢尝试新事物，尝试新事物对你来说非常不舒服。
So for example...or thinking in new ways, you don't want to change the way you live, you don't want to think in new ways,
比如......或者按照新的方式思考，你不想改变你的生活方式，不想按照新的方式思考，
you're very traditional, and you don't like change, you are "closed-minded".
你非常传统，不喜欢变化，那就可以说你很"closed-minded"。
"My mother won't try anything new. She is closed-minded." Okay?
比如"My mother won't try anything new. She is closed-minded." （我的母亲不愿尝试任何新事物，她的思想很保守）。
So if somebody doesn't want to change, is very uncomfortable with other cultures, other ideas, they are "closed-minded".
如果某个人不想改变，觉得其他文化、其他想法非常难以适从，那他们就是"closed-minded"。
Another "minded" compound adjective, "absent-minded".
另一个用"minded"组成的复合形容词是"absent-minded"（心不在焉的）。
"Absent", you might have heard this word before.
你们可能以前听过"absent"这个单词。
If you are not in class, you are "absent"; the teacher will mark you absent.
如果你没去上课，你就是"absent"（缺席）了，老师会在你的出勤表上标上“缺席”。
Okay? So when you're absent, you're not there, "absent-minded" is when your brain is not there.
所以当你"absent"的时候，就是说你不在那儿，"absent-minded"就是你的大脑不在那儿。
What does this mean? Well, it means you are thinking about something different, so you don't see what's happening.
什么意思？意思是你在想着别的事情，所以没有注意到正在发生的事情。
Here's an example to help you understand.I have a friend, my friend, her name is Lara.
我有一个例子可以帮助你们理解。我有个朋友，她的名字叫Lara。
She is very absent-minded, she's always thinking about boys, always thinking about her boyfriend, boy troubles.
她非常"absent-minded"，她脑子里总是想着男生，总是想着她的男朋友，男生问题。
So because of that, sometimes, she forgets to do her homework.
正因为此，她有时候会忘记做家庭作业。
She's too busy thinking about one thing, she doesn't realize what's happening around her, she is "absent-minded".
她满心都只想一件事去了，没有注意到她身边正在发生的事情，她很"absent-minded"。
So, "Lara is absent-minded, she forgot to do her homework."
所以我们可以说："Lara is absent-minded, she forgot to do her homework."（Lara心不在焉的，忘记了写作业）。
Okay, so you're not thinking about something, you're absent-minded, your mind is elsewhere.
就是说你没有在想某件事，你心不在焉的，心思在别的地方。
Another expression, very common expression, "laid-back"."Laid-back", what does it mean to be "laid-back"?
另一个表达非常常见："laid-back"（从容不迫的，悠闲的）。"laid-back"是什么意思呢？
Well, this is a very positive expression, it's a good expression.
这是一个非常正面的表达，是一个好词。
And it means you're a very relaxed person; you don't get angry; you don't get annoyed; you're very calm, relaxed, you go with the flow, you're a very happy, laid-back person.
它的意思是你是一个非常放松的人，不会生气，不会被惹恼；你非常平静放松，顺其自然，是个非常开心，非常"laid-back"的人。
So for example, I told you my friend Lara, she's very absent-minded, she's always forgetting to do her homework because she thinks too much about boys.
比如，我跟你们讲过我的朋友Lara，她非常心不在焉，总是忘记做家庭作业，因为她想男孩子想得太多了。
Well, her teacher is a very laid-back teacher.
她的老师是一个非常"laid-back"的老师。
When she doesn't do her homework, her teacher does not get angry, he does not yell at her and say, "Lara, why didn't you do your homework?"
当她没做家庭作业时，她的老师不会生气，不会朝着她大喊“Lara，你为什么不做作业？”
No. He's laid-back, he says, "Oh, it's okay. That's fine. It's okay that you didn't do your homework."
他不会这样，他很"laid-back"，他会说：“哦，没关系，没事的，你没做作业也不要紧。”
He doesn't the get angry, he is laid-back.So let's look at some more compound adjectives.
他不会生气，他很"laid-back"。我们再来看一些复合形容词。
So the next word on our list is "hard-working".Okay? What does it mean to be "hard-working"?
我们要讲的下一个单词是"hard-working"（勤劳的）。"hard-working"是什么意思呢？
If you are "hard-working", it means when you go to work, you work hard; you keep working; you try your best; you don't give up, you just keep working, working, working.
如果你很"hard-working"，意思就是当你去上班的时候，你工作很努力，你会一直工作；你会全力以赴；不会放弃，只会一直工作、工作、工作。
"Hard-working", the opposite is "lazy", you are not lazy if you are hard-working.
"hard-working"的反义词是"lazy"（懒惰的），如果你很"hard-working"，你就不懒。
Okay, so here is my example, "My boss likes me because I'm hard-working."
好了，这是我给你们的例子："My boss likes me because I'm hard-working."（我老板很喜欢我，因为我很勤劳）。
So it's a very positive thing if you are hard-working, it's a good thing.
如果你们很"hard-working"是非常好的，这是一件好事。
Many times, people will say this in a job interview: "Why should I hire you?" "Well, because I'm hard-working."
很多时候，人们会在工作面试上这么说，他们会说：“我为什么要雇你？”“因为我很hard-working。”
Okay? So it's good for a resume, too.
所以这也很适合写在简历里。
"Self-conscious", what does it mean to be "self-conscious"? Well, I'll show you.
下一个词是"self-conscious"（难为情的），这是什么意思呢？我来告诉你们。
If I wear this hat, I don't think it's a pretty hat, I think it's a silly, funny hat.
如果我戴这个帽子，我觉得这不是顶漂亮的帽子，我觉得这个帽子很傻很滑稽。
If I wore this outside on the street, maybe everyone would look at me.
如果我戴着这个帽子去大街上，可能每个人都会看着我。
Okay? Everybody would look at me, they would think, "Why is she wearing that hat? It's not even a hat; it's a shower cap for when you take a shower."
每个人都会看着我，他们会想：“她为什么要戴那顶帽子呢？那甚至都算不上是个帽子，只是洗澡时用的浴帽而已。”
I would...my cheeks would turn red; I would feel really shy, I would be "self-conscious".
我会......我的脸会变红，我会感觉非常害羞，我会感觉"self-conscious"。
"When I wore my pink flower hat, I felt self-conscious", it's similar to being embarrassed, okay?
"When I wore my pink flower hat, I felt self-conscious"（当我戴着粉红碎花的帽子时，我感觉很难为情），这个词和尴尬很相似。
It means you feel a little bit embarrassed and uncomfortable, and you feel that everyone is noticing what you are doing, everyone is watching you.
意思是你感觉有点尴尬和不自在，感觉每个人都在注意你的举动，每个人都在看你。
I feel self-conscious now, so I will take off my hat. Okay.
我现在就感觉很"self-conscious"，所以我要把帽子摘下来。
"Cool-headed", all right, so what's your head? This is your head.
下一个词是"cool-headed"（头脑冷静的），好了，什么是"head"呢？这是你的"head"。
Remember, "cool-headed", "-ed", don't forget this part.
记住它的发音，后面有个"-ed"，不要忘记这个部分。
If you're cool-headed, it means you are a relaxed person; you're a calm person; you think well during emergency situations.
如果你很"cool-headed"，也就是说你是个很放松的人，你很冷静，你在紧急状况时还能好好思考。
Okay? So for example, "In an emergency, I'm cool-headed."
知道了吗？比如"In an emergency, I'm cool-headed."（出现紧急状况时我的头脑很冷静）。
It means, "I can think. I can think clearly. I don't panic. I think clearly."
意思是“我能思考，我能清晰地思考，我不会慌乱，我能清晰地思考。”
If you think about police officers, firemen, paramedics, you probably want them to be cool-headed because you want them to be calm during an emergency.
如果你们想到警察、消防员、医护人员，你们可能会希望他们很"cool-headed"，因为你们想要他们在紧急事件期间保持冷静。
The opposite, well, not the opposite, but another word similar to "cool-headed": "hot-headed".
反义词，也不是反义词，但是另一个和"cool-headed"很相似的单词是"hot-headed"（急躁的）。
So we said "cool"; now we're saying "hot", what does it mean to be "hot- headed"?
我们已经讲了"cool"，现在我们来讲"hot"，"hot-headed"是什么意思呢？
If you are hot-headed, it means...when you get angry very quickly, you are hot-headed.
如果你很"hot-headed"，意思是......当你很容易生气的时候，你就是"hot-headed"。
So a person who is hot-headed gets angry so quickly.
所以一个"hot-headed"的人生起气来非常快。
Okay? You say something to them; they get angry, their face turns red, it looks like they're hot, but they're really angry.
你跟他们说了点什么，他们就生气了，一下就红脸了，看起来像是他们觉得热，但其实他们很生气。
"I get angry quickly because I'm hot-headed. I'm hot-headed. I get angry very quick."
可以说："I get angry quickly because I'm hot-headed. I'm hot-headed. I get angry very quick."（我很容易生气因为我很急躁。我很急躁，所以我生起气来非常快）。
Maybe you know someone who is hot-headed.Do you think it would be nice to have a boss who is hot-headed?
也许你们认识"hot-headed"的人。你们觉得有个"hot-headed"的老板好吗？
No. You don't want your boss to be hot-headed, that's a terrible situation.
不好，你们不会希望自己的老板很"hot-headed"，不然就太糟糕了。
You also don't want your boss to be "two-faced", can you guess what the word "two-faced" means?
你们还不想要"two-faced"（两面派）的老板，你们能猜到"two-faced"是什么意思吗？
If this is your face and you have two, what do you think that means, that expression?
假设这是你的脸，而你有两张脸，你们觉得这个表达是什么意思？
If you are two-faced, it means some of the time you seem nice to people, but then when those people aren't around, you will be very mean.
如果你很"two-faced"，意思就是有时候你看起来对人很好，但是当那些人不在附近时，你会变得非常刻薄。
So for example, if I have a friend and I'm two-faced, maybe I will say to my friend, "Oh, you have a beautiful dress. I love the way you dress. I love what you wear. You look so pretty."
比如，假设我有个朋友，而我很"two-faced"，可能我会对我的朋友说：“哇，你这条裙子真美，我很喜欢你的穿衣风格，我喜欢你穿的衣服，你看上去太漂亮了。”
If I'm two-faced, when she's not here, I'll turn to my other friends and say, "Oh, yeah. Did you see what she was wearing?
如果我很"two-faced"，她不在这里的时候，我会转而跟另一个朋友说：“你看到她穿的衣服了吗？
Ugh! What an ugly dress. It's the worst dress I've ever seen. She looks terrible in that dress."
天呐，那条裙子太丑了，那是我见过最难看的裙子，她穿上那条裙子难看死了。”
So it's where you act very nice when the person you're talking to is there, but when they're not there, you talk to other people and say bad things about this person.
也就是当你讲话的那个人在场时你会表现得很友善，但是当他们不在的时候，你跟其他人讲话的时候会说那个人的坏话。
"She's two-faced. You can't trust her."
可以说："She's two-faced. You can't trust her."（她是两面派，不能相信她）。
Okay? Sometimes, people we work with, unfortunately, sometimes they're very, very nice to us when we talk to them in conversation,
不幸的是，有时候跟我们共事的人，有时候当我们和他们交谈的时候他们对我们会非常非常友善，
as soon as you leave, maybe they will say something to another coworker."Oh, she's lazy. She's not hard-working. He's stupid. He's hot-headed."
一旦你离开了，他们可能就会跟另一个同事嚼舌头。他们会说：“她太懒了，她工作一点儿都不努力。他很蠢，他太急躁了。”
So if someone talks badly about you behind your back, they are "two-faced".Okay. So I've taught you many compound adjectives.
所以如果某个人在背后讲你的坏话，他们就很"two-faced"。好了，我已经教了你们很多复合形容词。
What I want you to do is practice these by visiting our website at www. engvid. com.
我想让你们登陆我们的网站www. engvid. com来练习这些单词。
There, you can do a quiz, and you can see how many of these you remember, you can practice the definitions, see how we use them.
你们可以在那儿做个小测验，可以看看你们记住了其中多少单词，可以练习它们的定义，看看我们是怎么使用这些复合形容词的。
So come visit our website, hopefully you will be hard-working when you come visit our website; you will work hard and you will do our quiz.So until next time, take care.
请登陆我们的网站，也许当你们登陆我们的网站时会变得很努力，你们会努力学习，做我们的小测验。那下次见啦，保重。