Hello, my name is Emma, and in today's video, I am going to teach you how to be a better reader.
大家好，我的名字叫 Emma，在今天的视频中，我要教你如何成为一个更好的阅读者。
So I want you to think about your life.Are there any things that are very difficult for you to read?
我想让你回想一下你的生活。有没有什么对你来说读起来很困难？
Maybe you have to read something in English and you really don't understand what's happening in the story.
也许你必须阅读某个英语材料，而你实在看不懂故事里讲了什么。
Or maybe you're in university and you're taking a very hard course and you can't read the textbook because it's really difficult and you don't know what's happening.
或者也许你在读大学，在上一门非常难的课，你看不懂课本，因为课本的内容非常难，你不知道里面讲了什么。
Well, if you're having difficulty reading or even if you just want to remember what you read more and be a better studier, this video is for you.
如果你在阅读方面遇到了难题，或者只是想多记住一些你读的内容，成为一个更好的学习者，那这个视频很适合你。
So first let's look at some things students might be reading that might be causing difficulty.
首先我们来看一些学生们可能在看的内容，这些可能会产生难题。
Some students in their universities they have to read textbooks.
一些读大学的学生必须阅读他们的课本。

If you go to university or college, or also high school, you have to do a lot of reading and you have to do a lot of complicated reading, especially for sciences, maths, history.
如果你在上大学，或者高中，你必须大量阅读，必须阅读很多复杂的内容，尤其是科学、数学、历史专业的。
So, this is a very good method, I'm going to teach you how to read these books better.
这是一个非常好的方法，我会教你如何更好地阅读这些书。
Newspapers, sometimes you'll be reading the newspaper and it's difficult, especially in another language.
首先是报纸，有时候你要看读报纸，这还挺难的，尤其是另一种语言的报纸。
So if you're reading a newspaper and, you know, you want to be better at reading it, this video is for you.
所以如果你在看报纸，而且想要更擅长阅读报纸，那这个视频就很适合你。
Internet sources, there's a lot of great things on the internet to read, and so this will also help you if you like reading things from the internet.
网络消息，网上有很多不错的内容可供阅读，所以如果你喜欢在网上看东西，这个视频也会帮到你。
Magazines, journals, for anyone who's a professional, whether you're a doctor, a nurse, a historian, or if you're in university or college,
杂志，期刊，无论是医生、护士、历史学家还是大学生，
a lot of the times you have to read something called a journal, which is something for professionals to read about their field.
专业人士经常必须阅读一个叫做期刊的东西，那是给专业人士阅读他们行业领域的相关内容的。
So it's usually modern research.
所以内容通常是现代研究。
These things can be very difficult to read, so if you're reading these, this is a great technique for you.
这些内容很难看懂，所以如果你要阅读这些内容，这个技巧对你来说非常棒。
If you're doing the TOEFL or IELTS, although I wouldn't recommend using this technique on the actual exam, I think it's great for your practice tests and I'll tell you why a bit later.
如果你要参加托福或雅思考试，虽然我不推荐在真正考试时使用这个技巧，但我认为这非常适合练习的时候用，我稍后告诉你为什么。
So you can use this when you're practicing for the TOEFL and IELTS.
所以你在做托福和雅思的练习题时可以使用这个技巧。
And finally, if you're reading Shakespeare.When I read Shakespeare, I had no idea what was going on.
最后，如果你在读莎士比亚的话。我读莎士比亚的时候根本不知道讲了些什么。
It was very confusing, all of the old English, I found it very difficult to read.There are also a lot of books that can be very, very hard to read.
那些古英语让人非常摸不着头脑，我觉得它非常难读懂。还有很多书非常非常晦涩难懂。
So these techniques will really work for you for any of these situations and many more.
这些技巧在这些情况和很多其他情况下会非常有用。
So before I teach you about the KWL technique, I just want you to think about reading for a second. Okay?
在我教你 KWL 技巧之前，我想让你思考一下阅读，好吗？
A lot of people when they pick up a book, that's all they do.
很多人拿起一本书后都是这么做的。
They open it up and they start reading right away, and then they close the book
他们把书打开，立马就开始看，看完就把书合上了，
and then a lot of the times they don't really remember anything they read or they don't understand what they read.
然后他们通常记不住自己看了些什么，或者没看懂自己读过的内容，
So it's a lot of wasted time.I like to think of reading how I think of jogging or running.
所以这样浪费了很多时间。我喜欢按对慢跑或跑步的理解方式来理解阅读。
So if we look here, I have the word "running" or "jogging".If you like exercise, any type of exercise kind of follows this format.
看一下这里，我写了“跑步”或“慢跑”。如果你喜欢运动，所有运动类型都符合这个形式。
So, reading is a lot like running.What a good reader does is they have a warm up period.
阅读和跑步很像。优秀的阅读者有一个热身的时间。
So if you think about running, before you go running you usually stretch.
可以想一想跑步，你在跑步之前通常会做一下伸展运动。
Maybe you'll do a little bit of movement to get your heart pumped.
也许你会做一些动作让你的心脏跳动起来。
So you don't just start running, you do a warm up.The same is true with reading.
所以你不会直接开跑，而是会先热个身。这同样适用于阅读。
The best reading...the best readers usually do a warm up.
最优秀的阅读者通常都会热个身。
For exercise, people then usually run or jog for a certain amount of time, and then afterwards they have what we call a cool-down period.
在运动时，人们通常会跑或者慢跑一段时间，跑完之后会有一个恢复正常体能状态的冷却阶段。
So, "cool-down" is usually when somebody wants to slow their heart rate, so maybe they walk instead of run, maybe they do more stretches, but they don't just stop what they're doing.
“恢复正常体能状态”就是人们想要降低他们的心率，所以他们可能会用走代替跑，可能会做更多的拉伸动作，但他们不会直接停止他们在做的事情。
They slowly, you know, do slower activities before they stop jogging or running.
他们停止跑步之前会进行一些较慢的活动。
So if you think about reading like exercise, you should also have a warm up, and then you read, and then the cool down.
所以如果按照运动的方式来看待阅读，你应该也进行热身，然后阅读，接着再冷静下来。
This is the meat, this is the main idea of the KWL method, and I'm going to teach you exactly how we can do all of this when we read.
这是重要内容，是 KWL 方法的中心思想，我会教你在阅读时如何做到这些。
If you do this...the point of this method is it will really, really, really help you to understand what you're reading.
如果你这么做......这个方法的意义在于它真的真的真的能够帮助你理解你阅读的内容。
You're going to understand a lot more, you're going to also remember a lot more.
你理解的内容会多很多，你记住的内容也会多很多。
And for those of you in university, and college, and high school, you're going to have to do less studying because if you read something right the first time,
对于在读大学和高中的朋友，用这个方法你要学的东西会少一些，因为如果你第一次读某些东西的时候读对了，
you probably won't have to keep going back again and again and again.
那你可能就不需要一遍一遍又一遍地回顾了。
So using this method at the beginning will save you a lot of time.
所以刚开始使用这个方法会给你节约很多时间。
So now let's look at an example of how we can use the KWL method.Okay, so KWL, what does that mean?
现在我们来看一个例子，看看我们如何使用这个 KWL 方法。好了，KWL 是什么意思呢？
Well, usually when I read something difficult, I make a chart like this.And under "K", this stands for "Know".
通常当我阅读某个很难的东西时，我会做一个像这样的表格。"K" 代表的是“已知”。
What do you already know about what you're going to read?
关于你要读的内容，你已经知道些什么？
So this is like the warm up of...remember we talked about running?This would be like your stretching.
这就和热身一样......还记得我们讲过跑步吗？这个就像你的拉伸动作一样。
Then we have "W"."W" stands for: "What do you want to know?"What do you want to learn?
然后是 "W"。"W" 代表的是“你想知道的内容”。你想学到些什么？
So usually we write a bunch of questions under here, and this is also a part of the warm up.
通常我们会在这一栏下面写上一些问题，这也是热身的一部分。
This really gets you thinking about...you know, it makes you pay attention more to what you're reading.
这能够真正让你思考......它能让你更关注你正在阅读的内容。
And finally, "L" stands for "Learned".This is like the cool-down.
最后，"L" 代表的是“学到的内容”。这个和恢复正常体能状态的阶段一样。
In this area you are going to write: what did you learn from what you've just read? Okay?
你在这个区域要写上你从你刚读过的内容中学到了什么，知道了吗？
This is going to really help you with your memory especially.What are some interesting things you learned?
这对你记忆尤其有帮助。你学到了哪些有趣的内容？
Sometimes "L" is based off of what you wanted to know.
有时候 "L" 这一栏的内容是以你想要知道的内容为基础的。
Maybe you had a question here, and then you can write, you know, the answer to your question if you found it.
也许你在这儿写了个问题，然后如果你找到了问题的答案，就可以把它写下来。
So anything interesting you learned, you write here.Okay, so let's do an example of this method.
学到的所有有趣的内容都写在这儿。好了，我们用一个例子说明这个方法。
So I have a book I've been reading.I don't know if you can see that, it's Albert Einstein.
我最近一直在读这本书。不知道你看不看得到，这是爱因斯坦。
Now, I'm not really strong in science, but I'm really, really interested in physics and math,
其实我在科学方面不是很擅长，不过我对物理和数学非常非常感兴趣，
but again, for me it's a little bit difficult to read about physics because I don't really have a strong background in it.
但是对我来说阅读物理相关内容有些吃力，因为我在这方面没有很充分的知识背景。
So when I was reading this book, and I'm not finished yet...but as I'm reading it, I'm actually doing the KWL method.
我在读这本书的时候，我还没读完呢，不过我在读的时候会用 KWL 方法。
So I want to use this book as an example on how we can use this method.
所以我想以这本书作为一个例子，说明如何使用这个方法。
First I wrote: "Know", and I thought about: "Okay, what do I know about Einstein?"
首先我写了“已知”，然后思考：“我对爱因斯坦有哪些了解？”
So I did this before I read the book.So, what do I know about Einstein?
我这么做是在阅读这本书之前。那么，我对爱因斯坦有哪些了解呢？
Well, I know something, E=mc2, I know that has to do with Einstein.
我知道质能方程 E=mc2，我知道这跟爱因斯坦有关系。
I don't actually know what it means, but I always hear: "Einstein, E=mc2" so I'd write that under "Know".
其实我并不知道那是什么意思，但是我总是听到：“爱因斯坦，E=mc2 ”，所以我把它写在了“已知”这一栏下面。
I know Einstein has crazy hair.Okay? That's something I know about him.
我知道爱因斯坦的发型很乱。那是我对他的一点了解。
I know he's considered a genius.I think he was German, he's a scientist.
我知道他被认为是个天才。我记得他是德国人，是个科学家。
And I heard that he used to write the most romantic love letters, which is strange when you think about Einstein, but I heard he was very romantic.
我听说他以前写的情书超级浪漫，想到这是爱因斯坦会觉得有点奇怪，但我听说他是很浪漫的人。
So these are the things that I already know about Einstein.So now I can think about some questions.
这些是我对爱因斯坦已经了解的内容。现在我可以想一些问题。
What do I want to know about Einstein?Before I read the book, what do I want to know?
关于爱因斯坦，我想了解哪些内容？在看这本书之前，我想知道些什么？
Well, I know E=mc2, but what does that mean?How do we use that?
我知道 E=mc2，但那是什么意思呢？要怎么用呢？
I have no idea what it really means, so I'm going to write this as want to know.
我不知道它到底是什么意思，所以我要把这个写在想要了解的内容里。
I want to know how did he discover it?Was he in his lab doing an experiment, and found out E=mc2?
我想知道他是如何发现这个方程式的。他是在实验做实验发现的 E=mc2 吗？
Or was he sitting on a beach and suddenly he just thought about it?
还是坐在沙滩上突然就想到了？
I'm really interested in how do you, you know, think about these things?
我非常想知道你对这些事情的看法。
How did he find out about E=mc2?How is this theory used?
他是怎么发现 E=mc2 的？这个理论是怎么用的？
What is it used for?Do we build things with it?
它有什么用途？我们用它来建什么吗？
Is it used for...you know, what kind of science is it used in?How do we use E=mc2?
它被用于哪种科学中？如何使用 E=mc2？
I also heard before that Einstein failed math in high school.I think somebody told me that in high school.
我之前还听说爱因斯坦高中的时候数学不及格。我记得这是高中的时候别人跟我说的。
I don't know if that's true or not, so I want to know did he really fail math?
我不知道这是不是真的，所以我想知道他数学到底及没及格。
And I have a lot more questions, so I could go on and on, and so I write everything I want to know about the book.
我还有很多问题，可以继续列举下去，所以我把我对这本书想了解的一切都写下来了。
So then I sit and I read, and I read, and I read.
然后我坐下来，一直看啊看啊看啊。
And while I read, anything that I think is really interesting or something that surprised me, something that I learned, I write here.
看的过程中，我会把所有我认为非常有趣或令我感到意外的内容，我学到的东西都写在这儿。
So, in the first chapter I learned Einstein was married multiple times.He married and then divorced, and then married again.
我从第一章中得知爱因斯坦结过好几次婚。他结过婚，然后离婚了，然后又结婚了。
And he was...he was really romantic.I learned he didn't actually fail high school math.
还有他确实很浪漫。我得知他高中的时候数学其实没有不及格。
And I learned he was born in Germany, but became a Swiss citizen.And so I keep writing everything.
我得知他是在德国出生的，但是后来入了瑞士籍。我把所有内容都写下来了。
I'd write what E=mc2 means, but I don't really have space on the board, and I don't want to, you know, complicate this lesson, so...
我本来想写 E=mc2 的意思的，但是白板上没有位置了，而且我不想把这节课变得太复杂，所以......
But this is a very, very good technique, again, when you're reading anything, including textbooks, newspapers, magazines, biographies, this is very, very useful.
但这是一个非常非常好的技巧，当你读课本、报纸、杂志、自传等内容时，这个非常非常有用。
So I really, really encourage you to try the "K" for "Know", "W" for "Want to know", and "L" for "Learn" method.
所以我真心建议你试一试这个方法，"K" 代表的是“已知”，"W" 代表的是“想要了解”，"L" 代表的是“学到的”。
I hope you come visit our website at www. engvid. com.There you can actually do a quiz to practice these ideas.
希望你能登陆我们的网站 www. engvid. com。你可以在那儿做一个小测验，练习一下这些内容。
It's not on Einstein, don't worry, but it's about reading and how to be a better reader.
别担心，那不是关于爱因斯坦的，而是关于阅读和如何成为一名更好的阅读者的。
So again, this is useful because it will help you remember more, it will make reading easier for you,
再说一遍，这个方法很有用，因为它会帮你记住更多内容，会使阅读对你来说更简单，
and you won't have to read the text again and again and again, so it will save you time. Okay?
你不需要一遍一遍又一遍地读，所以会节约你的时间。
I also hope you come visit our website at www. engvid. com because we have a lot of other resources on reading there that you can use.
我希望你们登陆我们的网站 www. engvid. com，因为我们在那儿还有很多你可以用的关于阅读的其他资源。
Also, please subscribe to my channel.Until next time, take care.
还有，请订阅我的频道。下次见，保重。