Professional Terms
专业术语
budget n.
预算
calculate v.
计算，推测
poultry n.
爱禽，鸡类
temperature vt.
温度
update vt.
适时修改，更新
Application software
应用软件
Any instructions or collection of related programs designed to be carried out by a computer to satisfy a user's specific needs are applications software.
为了满足某一用户具体需要而设计的，由计算机执行的任何一些指令或一些相互关联的软件的总合，均称为应用软件。
A group of programs written to perform payroll processing is one type of applications softwre.
为完成工资单的数据处理而编写的一套程序就属于应用软件的一种。
as are programs written to maintain personnel records, update an inventory system, help you calculate a budge.
还有那些专为保管个人档案资料、用来不断更新库存系统、协助你做预算，
or monitor the incubation temperatures at your poultry farm.
或者监控家禽养殖孵化温度等而编写的程序，也都是应用软件。
Applications software can be purchased "off the shelf". or written.
应用软件可以购买市场上现成的，
or it can be written to order by qualified programmers.
也可预先约请合格的程序编写人员编写。
If for example, a company's payroll processing requirements are fairly routine.
例如，如果某一个公司工资单的数据处理要求相当平常，
it can probably purchase one or more payroll applications software programs off the shelf to handle the job.
那就可以买一个或多个市场上流行的工资单应用软件程序，来完成这项工作。
However, if a company has unique payroll requirements,
但是，如果某个公司有独特的工资单要求，
such as a need to handle the records of hourly employees, salaried employees, and commissioned employees,
例如它需要计算小时工的、一般工薪人员的和委任的官员们的工资单，
the off-the-shelf software may not be satisfactory.
那么，市场上流行的软件就不能满足这些要求。
It may be more cost-effective to have the payroll programs written to exact specifictions.
这时，约请专人编写合乎确切要求的工资单程序所花的费用，
than to try to modify off-the-shelf programs to do something they were never intended to do.,
就可能会比通过现行程序，而使它能胜任过去从未做过的事，要更便宜一些。