词汇选项

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1．I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me.
A．seized B．threw C．broke D．stretched
2．Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning.
A．border B．goal C．peak D．level
3．It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.
A．right B．obvious C．unbelievable D．unclear
4．I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.
A．bring B．separate C．put D．set
5．We found shelter from the rain under the trees.
A．defense B．standing C．protection D．room
6．This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.
A．open B．cruel C．sudden D．direct
7．She gets aggressive when she is drunk.
A．worried B．sleepy C．offensive D．anxious
8．We have to change the public’s perception that money is everything.
A．sight B．belief C．interest D．pressure
9．The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me.
A．real B．whole C．strange D．same
10．He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.
A．taught B．kept C．attracted D．changed
11．That performance was pretty impressive.
A．completely B．very C．beautifully D．equally
12．The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine.
A．bottom B．surface C．top D．structure
13．She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.
A．passed by B．took a notice of C．woke up D．found by chance
14．“There is no other choice,” she said in a harsh voice.
A．firm B．soft C．deep D．unkind
15．I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.
A．about B．at C．with D．from
阅读判断
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. “They’re the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a robotics, a person who designs, builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved - cars, trains, animals. He put motors on Tinker toy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Choset’s labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）. “Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,” Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots. Choset’s team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don’t, such as rolling. Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass, swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries, the doctor has to open a patient’s chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations, “I still don’t get bored of watching the motion of my robots,” Choset says.
16．Choset began to build robots in high school.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．Snake robots could move in only four directions.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．Choset didn’t begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegie Mellon.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．Choset’s snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．The application of a thin robotic snake makes heart surgeries less time-consuming.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．The robotic technology for surgeries on people has brought a handsome profit to Medrobotics.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Ecosystem
1　The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological（生态的）system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where biological organisms（生物）such as plants, animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes, we are all members of an ecosystem!
2　There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest. Some are man-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation（兴居）between living and non-living things in a monitored environment, such as a zoo or garden.
3　Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem, and that’s because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and its fruits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms（微生物）and even humans, of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function, and this happens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
4　Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things. We depend on plants and animals for food. In order for us to exist, we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plants, animals and humans are all of various species（物种）, we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
5　To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy, which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat（栖息地）of plants and animals, and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to continue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement（搬迁）: imagine being thrown out of your home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse, overpopulation can also ruin the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.

23．Paragraph 2 ______
24．Paragraph 3 ______
25．Paragraph 4 ______
26．Paragraph 5 ______

A．What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
B．What are different types of ecosystems?
C．What is an ecosystem?
D．What destroys ecosystems?
E．How does an ecosystem work?
F．Why are ecosystems important?

27．In an ecosystem, plants, animals and humans live together in _________.
28．Plants are essential in an ecosystem because to other living creatures they are _________.
29．Plants, animals and humans are all effective in _________.
30．To protect our ecosystems we should not use more than _________.

A．our share of resources
B．a biological creature
C．a given area
D．the maintenance of the ecosystem
E．the source of food
F．various species


阅读理解1
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 Energy and Public Lands
The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of U.S. energy production; the U.S. Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing, both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf. Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual U.S. energy production.
In 2000, 32 percent of U.S. oil, 35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered U.S. oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.
Revenues from federal oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to U.S. taxpayers as well as State governments. In 1999, for example, $553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the U.S. Treasury, and non-Indian coal leases accounted for over $304 million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems, pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use.
Alternative energy production from federal lands lags behind conventional energy production, though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal resources produce about 7.5 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per year, 47 percent of all electricity generated from U.S. geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on public lands in California alone, producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.
Because of the growing U.S. thirst for energy and increasing public unease with dependence on foreign oil sources, pressure on the public lands to meet U.S. energy demands is intensifying. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process. If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources, development restrictions or impact mitigation measures may be imposed, or mineral production may be banned altogether.
31．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues.
B．Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage.
C．Public lands play an important role in energy production.
D．Public lands store huge energy resources for further development..
32．Which of the following statements is true of public lands in the U.S.?
A．Half of U.S. energy is produced there.
B．Most of coal was produced from there in 2000.
C．Most energy resources are reserved there.
D．The majority of undiscovered natural gas is stored there.
33．Geothermal resources, wind turbines, and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 are cited as examples to illustrate that
A．alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy production.
B．they are the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands.
C．geothermal resources are more important than the other two.
D．the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge.
34．There is a mounting pressure on public lands to satisfy US energy demands because
A．many Americans are unhappy with energy development in foreign countries.
B．the US is demanding more and more energy.
C．quite a few public lands are banned for energy development.
D．many Americans think public lands are being abused.
35．Public lands can be used for energy development when
A．they go through the land use planning process.
B．energy development restrictions are effective.
C．federal land managers grant permissions.
D．there is enough federal budget.

第二篇 When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses aren’t just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world; they’re affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who’ve just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’s going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen — a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says.
“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of 6 our motives and needs,” Radel says.
36．“Poorer children” and “hungry people” are mentioned in Paragraph 2 to show
A．humans’ senses are influenced by what’s going on in their heads.
B．they have sharper senses than others.
C．they lose their senses because of poverty and hunger.
D．humans’ senses are affected by what they see with their eyes.
37．There was a delay in Radel’s experiment because
A．he needed more students to join.
B．he didn’t prepare enough food for the 42 students.
C．he wanted two groups of participants, hungry and non-hungry.
D．he didn’t want to have the experiment at noon.
38．Why did the 80 words flash so fast and at so small a size on the screen?
A．To ensure the participant was unable to perceive anything.
B．To guarantee each word came out at the same speed and size.
C．To shorten the time of the experiment.
D．To make sure the participant had no time to think consciously.
39．Radel’s experiment discovered that hungry people
A．were more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.
B．were better at identifying neutral words.
C．were always thinking of food-related words.
D．saw every word more clearly than stomach-full people.
40．It can be learnt from what Radel says that
A．humans’ thinking processes are independent of their senses.
B．an experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.
C．humans can perceive what they need without deep thinking processes.
D．42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.

第三篇 The Development of Ballet
Ballet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed.
Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility, to participate in pageants that included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men.
It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers to rise on their toes to make it appear that were floating.
Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russes, brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.
41．This passage deals mainly with
A．famous names in ballet.
B．how ballet has developed.
C．Russian ballet.
D．why ballet is no longer popular.
42．The word “pageants” in Paragraph 2 means
A．big shows.
B．dances.
C．instructions.
D．royal courts.
43．Professional ballet was first performed in
A．France.
B．Italy.
C．Russia.
D．America.
44．Who had an important influence on early ballet?
A．Balanchine.
B．Antoinette.
C．Diaghilev.
D．Louis XIV.
45．We can conclude from this passage that ballet
A．is a dying art.
B．will continue to change.
C．is currently performed only in Russia.
D．is often performed by dancers with little training.
补全短文

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
A Doctor in the House
Brushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. ______ (46) It is one of many gadgets proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York— others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer.
The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. ______ (47) In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives.
Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly Identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics would work best. ______ (48)
Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer is coming up.
All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ______ (49) If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up at your doctor’s surgery.
If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. ______ (50) A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms in plain English and in a way which would calm your nerves.
A．Experts are also working on a ‘digital doctor’, complete with a comforting bedside manner.
B．Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.
C．The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications.
D．That is going to be the difficult part.
E．The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it with previous images.
F．A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in the USA.
完形填空
第6部分：完形填空（第52~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Giant Structures
It is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more ______ (51) constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration ______ (52) they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.
The Petronas Twin Towers
The Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. ______ (53) a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are ______ (54) by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.
Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building ______ (55) around 1,800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other ______ (56) of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.
The Millau Bridge
The Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France. At the ______ (57) it was built, it was the world’s highest bridge, ______ (58) over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to ______ (59) Millau’s congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the ______ (60) extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!
The Itaipu Dam
The Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It ______ (61) of a series of dams across the River Parana, ______ (62) forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two ______ (63). The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s ______ (64) needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a ______ (65) amazing wonder of engineering.
51．A．wonderful B．delightful C．helpful D．careful
52．A．when B．although C．if D．because
53．A．In B．With C．Above D．On
54．A．designed B．located C．built D．linked
55．A．costs B．sits C．stands D．provides
56．A．features B．types C．tasks D．roles
57．A．place B．map C．time D．view
58．A．developing B．reaching C．expanding D．lasting
59．A．restrict B．replace C．relieve D．relax
60．A．much B．more C．less D．most
61．A．consists B．makes C．sets D．uses
62．A．what B．who C．that D．which
63．A．countries B．provinces C．members D．regions
64．A．water B．energy C．oil D．food
65．A．mainly B．hardly C．rarely D．truly
参考答案
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（C级）试题参考答案

1 C 2 B 3 A 4 D 5 B
6 C 7 A 8 D 9 C 10 B
11 D 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 C
16 A 17 B 18 A 19 C 20 C
21 B 22 C 23 D 24 B 25 C
26 E 27 A 28 B 29 F 30 E
31 D 32 C 33 A 34 D 35 B
36 C 37 D 38 B 39 D 40 B
41 B 42 B 43 C 44 D 45 A
46 C 47 D 48 A 49 B 50 E
51 C 52 A 53 C 54 B 55 D
56 D 57 A 58 D 59 C 60 A
61 B 62 B 63 A 64 C 65 D
答案解析
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（C级）试题题解

第1部分：词汇选项
1　C　detach意为“使分离，使分开”，故用separate替换。又如：Detach the white part of the application form and keep it.把申请表的白色部分撕下存底。题干中句子的意思是：我试图将自己与这些糟糕事件的现实分离开来。
2　B　odd意思是“奇怪的，古怪的”，与strange“奇怪的”同义。又如：Her father was an odd man.她父亲是个古怪的人。real真正的，whole完整的，same同样的。
3　A　pretty作形容词意为“漂亮的”，此处作副词用，表示“非常”，用very代替。completely 完全地，beautifully漂亮地，equally同等地。
4　D　grab意为“抓住”，四个选项中只有seize具有这个意思。stretch意为“伸展”。
S B frame常见意思是“框，框架”，此处意为“构架，骨架”，与structure同义。bottom是“底部”,surface是“表面”,top是“顶部”，均不符合。
6　C　shelter的意思是“遮蔽”，在这里可以用protection“保护”替换。又如：They opened a shelter to provide temporary housing for the city's homeless.他们开设了一个收容所，为该市的无家可归者提供临时的住宿。defense意为“防御”。
7　A　harsh的意思是“令人不快的，严厉的”，unkind的意思是“刻薄的，不友善的”，可做同义替换。firm坚定的。
8　D　rush hour意为“上下班的交通高峰时间”,peak的意思是“高峰，顶峰”，与原句意思相近，句子意为：交通在早晨八点到九点之间达到最高峰。
9　C　perception意为“认知，观念”，四个选项中只有belief有相似的含义，表示“信念，信仰。”sight眼光，interest兴趣，pressure压力。
10　B　brutal意思是“野蛮的，残忍的”，如：He was the victim of a very brutal murder.他是一桩恶性谋杀案的受害者。cruel残忍的，与画线词意思相同。direct意为“直接的”。
11　D　come across是固定搭配，意思是“偶遇，碰巧发现”，因此选择D。pass by路过，take a notice of注意到，wake up醒来。
12　C　incredible意为“难以置信的”，与unbelievable同义。obvious明显的，unclear不清楚的。
13　A　tempt意为“吸引，诱惑”，此处为被动态，句子意思为：他被这家公司开出的高额薪水所吸引。A符合句义。
14　B　aggressive意为“好斗的，富于攻击性的”，与offensive意义相近，如：Men tend to be more aggressive than women.男性往往比女性更具有攻击性。 Knives of any sort are classed as offensive weapons.任何刀具都属于攻击性武器。worried担心的，sleepy困倦的，anxious 焦急的。
15　C　as regards是固定搭配，意思是“关于”，如：There is no problem as regards the financial arrangements.资金筹备方面毫无问题。本题中about与画线词意思相同。

第2部分：阅读判断
16　A　第二段最后一句话提到“他在高中时制作出与小汽车相似的移动式机器人”，因此本文题干表达的意思符合文章本意，选择答案A。
17　B　第三段提到“一些机器人只能朝四个方向移动，但机器蛇能够向着许多方向扭转”。因此，题干中提到的“机器蛇只能朝四个方向移动”与文章本意不符。答案为B。
18　A　第四段第一句提到“Choset在卡耐基梅隆大学工作后，和他的同事在那里开始开发他们自己的机器蛇”。因此题干表达的意思与文章本意相符。答案为A。
19　C　第四段只提到Choset的机器蛇既可以像真蛇一样移动，也可以做蛇做不到的旋转，还可以在不同地势上爬行，但是没有提到能够比其他人开发的机器蛇做更多的动作，所以题干中提到的信息在文中没有显示。答案为C。
20　C　第五段只提到Choset设想他的机器蛇是否能运用于医疗领域，减少心脏手术的创伤面。并没有提到机器蛇可为心脏手术节省时间，所以本题答案应该选C。
21　B　第六段、第七段只提到Zenati在塑料制的外胸模型上练习使用机器蛇，然后再将机器蛇用于猪身上进行测试，但并没有在这之后又用于人测试，而是一个位于波士顿名叫Medrobotics的公司把这项技术用于人的手术，所以题干中提到的Zenati把机器蛇用在人身上进行测试与文章本意不符。答案为B。
22　C　第七段只是提到Medrobotics公司目前把这项技术应用到人类手术中，但并没有提到因此给公司带来高额利润，所以题干中提到的信息在文中没有显示。答案为C。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23　D　本段主要讲生态系统有许多不同的类型，大多数是自然形成，比如海洋、湖泊、沙漠和雨林，还有一些是人工的，比如动物园和花园。所以本段是在讲生态系统的不同类型有哪些。因此答案为D。
24　B　本段中，作者在第一句话中介绍了植物是生态系统中最大的生物群，因为它们为每个生物都提供了天然的食物来源。第二、第三句话介绍了植物的生长需要土地、空气和阳光，在它们成长时，它们的花和果也终将成为动物、微生物和人类的食物来源。第四句话介绍了食物又转化为我们活动所需的能量，这是一个永无止境的循环直到生物死亡，被分解回到土地。所以这一段是在介绍生态系统是如何运转的。因此答案为B。
25　C　本段中，第一句作者提到了生态系统是所有生命赖以生存的基础。第二、第三句话说我们依赖动植物成为我们的食物来源，我们也需要种植培养其他有机物来保证我们的存在。第四句话提到我们的生存同样需要爱护非生物，比如空气和水。最后一句总结因为人类和动植物都是不同的物种，所以都在维护生态系统中发挥作用。所以本段是在介绍生态系统为什么很重要。因此答案为C。
26　E　本段第一句作者就提到为了保护生态系统我们应该停止使用太多的资源。第二句介绍了人类不应该打扰动植物的自然栖息地，应该让它们健康地生长，使生态循环继续。第三句话中，作者提示一块栖息地上有太多的人就意味着要搬迁，设想一下因为没有足够的空间而被赶出家园。最后一句话提到，更糟糕的是，人口过剩也会破坏环境，并导致现存动植物数量的下降。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是保护生态系统我们能做些什么。因此答案为E。
27　A　在第一段第二句话中作者介绍了生态系统是各种生物赖以生存发展的特定区域，所以答案是A，“特定区域”。
28　B　在第三段第三句话中作者提到当植物生长时，它们的花和果最终会成为动物、微生物和人类的食物来源，所以答案是B，“食物来源”。
29　F　在第四段最后一句话中作者提到由于植物、动物和人类都属于不同的物种，所以都在维持生态系统中发挥作用，所以答案是F，“维护生态系统”。
30　E　在第五段第一句话中作者提到为了保护我们的生态系统，当我们消耗了多于我们应得的那份资源时，我们应该停止使用更多的能源，所以答案是E，“我们自己的那份资源”。

31　D　第二段第一句话提到“Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our heads affects our senses”，所以答案应该是“人类的感觉受到大脑里发生的事情的影响”，答案是D。
32　C　第三段最后三句话提到“Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten”，因此可以看出受测者被告知时间推迟是为了将他们分为饥饿组和非饥饿组两组，所以答案是C。
33　A　第四段第三句话提到“They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive”，说明这些单词以很小的字体快速闪动是为了让受测者没有时间进行思考，因此答案是A。
34　D　第五段第一句提到“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words”，由此可以看出饥饿的人比饱腹感的人对与食物有关的单词更敏感。因此答案是D。
35　B　第五段第二句话提到“Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen ,this means that the difference is in perception ,not in thinking processes”以及第六段第二句话提到“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for”，由此可以看出人类可以不经过深人思考就能感知到他们的需求，所以答案是B。
36　C　全文都在讲芭蕾的发展历程。
37　D　通过前后文得出pageants包括了music，poetry和dance，可知该词的意思可能是一种包含这些艺术形式的表演，这个词的实际意义是“盛大的庆典”。或者通过排除法也可轻松排除其他三个选项从而选出正确答案。
38　B　第三段的第一、第二句It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France ,himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance.由此可以得出答案是B。
39　D　芭蕾按发展历程分可分为早期芭蕾和经典芭蕾。A、B、C中的人物都是经典芭蕾时期的，只有D中的Louis XIV是对早期芭蕾产生了重要影响。
40　B　由第一段可知，芭蕾之所以到现在还长盛不衰，是因为多年来一直根据流行趋势在调整和发展，因此B正确，同时可知A错误。芭蕾舞在世界各地都有表演，因此C错误。芭蕾舞演员需要专业训练，可知D错误。
41　B　第一段主要讲美国的公共土地提供了大量的能源生产，第二段主要讲美国的石油、天然气和煤矿资源有很多都是来自联邦土地，第三段主要讲联邦土地的能源贡献了大量的财政收人，第四段主要讲联邦土地所生产的其他能源数量仍然很大，最后一段主要讲美国的公共土地在得到评估后才可用于发展能源。由此看出本文主要讲的是公共土地在能源生产中扮演重要角色。答案是B。
42　B　第二段最后一句话“Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas"，可以看出答案为B。
43　C　第四段第一句话“Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy production ,though the amount is still significant”，说明公共土地的其他能源生产仍然很大，后文则是在举例，因此答案为C。
44　D　第五段第一句话“Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public un-ease with dependence on foreign oil sources, pressure on public lands to meet US energy demands is becoming more intense”，说明美国对能源日益增长的需求使得公共土地在满足美国能源要求时压力增大，因此答案是D。
45　A　第五段第二句话“Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process”，可以明确答案是A。

第5部分：补全短文
46　C　由前文可知，此处描述一种装置，具有牙刷的外表和功能，也同时有促进身体其他部分健康的作用，因此选C。
47　D　D中的gadgets与前文相照应。整个句子强调新装置的易操作性。
48　A　文中讲述了智能绷带在包扎伤口时的作用，A开头的The cut与前文相呼应，因此选择此项。
49　B　原文主要讲述新装置可以监视黑瘤以发现早期肿瘤，关键字是monitor，与选项中的 picture照应，因为肿瘤必须通过影像来观察，因此选择B。
50　E　前文的意思是，如果你觉得上面提到的方法很麻烦，还有更方便的方法，因此要选择的句子就是一种代替前文所述方法的方法，E符合要求。

第6部分：完形填空
51　C　本题考查四个选项的意思。A为“令人愉快的”，B为“有帮助的”，C为“令人惊叹的，不可思议的”，D为“仔细的，小心的”。本句要表达“要选出现今世界里最不可思议的奇观是一项不可能的任务，因为每年都有更令人惊叹的建筑出现”。答案是C。
52　A　本题是对连接词意义的考查。A为“尽管”，B为“当……时候”，C为“如果”，D为“因为”。本句要表达“这里有三个巨大的建筑值得我们赞叹，尽管它们已经被最近的一些奇观所超越”。答案是A。
53　C　本题是对介词意义的考查。A为“在……里面”，B为“在……上面”，C为“具有，有”，D为“关于；在……之上”。本句想要表达“高大的双子塔有452米高，像两根细瘦的铅笔”。因此答案是C。
54　B　本题是对动词词义的考查。A为“设计”，B为“连接”，C为“位于”，D为“建立，建筑”。本句的意思是“有一座桥连接着双子塔的第41层”。因此答案是B。
55　D　本题考查的是动词词义。A为“花费”，B为“位于”，C为“坐落于，位于”，D为“提供”。本句要表达的意思是“建筑物的每层都提供了大约1 800平方米的办公空间”。只有D符合。
56　D　本句要表达的是“这座令人印象深刻的建筑的其他特征还包括双层电梯、玻璃和钢制的遮阳棚”。A是“类型”，B是“任务”，C是“角色”，D是“特征”。从词义来看答案是D。
57　A　从意思上来考虑，A选项at the time是“在那时，当时”，B选项at the place是“在那个地方”，C、D选项均无此搭配，本句想要表达“当时，它是世界上最高的桥”，因此答案选A。
58　D　本句想要表达的是“最高点达到了340多米”,A项是“发展”，B为“扩展，扩张”，C为“持续”，D为“达到，延伸”。根据词义，答案是D。
59　C　从意思上来考虑，A项是“限制，约束”，B项是“取代，代替”，C项是“减轻，解除，缓解”，D项是“放松”。本句表达“它的建造是为了缓解米洛拥挤的问题”，所以答案是C。
60　A　因为句中没有涉及两者比较，所以the是形容最高级的，应该选most，答案是A，意思是“最极端的地震和气候条件”。
61　B　本题只有。consist能与of连用表达“由……组成”，本句表达的意思是“它是由许多横跨巴拉那河的水坝组成的”，答案是B。
62　B　本题考查的是非限制性定语从句。A项what、D项that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以排除A、D，而此处的关系代词引导的是物而不是人，即前面出现的the River Parana，所以排除C项who，答案是B。
63　A　上文提到“它是建立在巴西和巴拉圭之间”，所以此处要表达的是连接两个国家，B项是“省”，C项是“成员”，D项是“地区，地域”。答案是A。
64　C　上文提到“这个水坝是以它的规模和电力输出量闻名的”，所以此处要表达的是“它生产出巴拉圭78％和巴西25％的电能”。A项是“水”，B项是“油”，C项是，（原子、电、辐射的）能，能量”，D项是“食物”。所以答案是C。
65　D　本题考查的是副词的词义。A项为“主要地”，B项是“几乎不，简直不”，C项为“罕见地，少有地”，D项是“真正地”。本句的意思是“它是一个真正令人惊叹的工程奇迹”。因此答案是D。