词汇选项

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1．Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.
A．hard B．good C．short D．long
2．Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.
A．reported B．admitted C．hoped D．answered
3．My doctor said I should vary my diet more.
A．prepare B．cook C．change D．choose
4．We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.
A．investigated B．offered C．included D．accepted
5．A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.
A．tested B．suggested C．used D．announced
6．Things have changed a lot since I was a child.
A．gradually B．suddenly C．greatly D．frequently
7．They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
A．reduced B．turned C．moved D．reformed
8．The book took ten years of thorough research.
A．basic B．social C．major D．careful
9．She can be relied on in a crisis.
A．depended on B．looked after C．believed in D．turned on
10．The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.
A．effort B．problem C．influence D．concern
11．His long-term goal is to set up his own business.
A．idea B．energy C．order D．aim
12．His shoes were shined to perfection.
A．cleared B．washed C．polished D．mended
13．The love of money is the root of all evil.
A．result B．end C．force D．cause
14．The test produced disappointing results.
A．indirect B．similar C．positive D．unsatisfactory
15．Eventually, she got a job and moved to London.
A．Certainly B．Finally C．Luckily D．Naturally
阅读判断
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming
There’s no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming and trying to figure out what to do about it.
Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.
In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small—you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.
The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.
That’s going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists aren’t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.
That’s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.
16．Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．Global warming is less threatening to small countries.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．UNFCCC’s annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Hurricane
1　A hurricane（飓风）is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral（螺旋）around a relative calm center known as the “eye”. The “eye” is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, and the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds. and storm surges（风暴潮）. The storm surges and heavy rains can lead to flooding.
2　Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, or the Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line are called typhoons. Near Australia and in the Indian Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones（龙卷风）.
3　When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland（内陆的）flooding, and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses, and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed; roads and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbor if they do not receive early warning.
4　If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from windows and glass doors, because if the glass breaks it’s really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull（暂停）: it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again.

23．Paragraph 1 ______
24．Paragraph 2 ______
25．Paragraph 3 ______
26．Paragraph 4 ______

A．Where do hurricanes usually happen?
B．What damages can a hurricane cause?
C．What should you do during a hurricane?
D．What is a hurricane?
E．What are different names of hurricanes?
F．How do you know a hurricane is coming?

27．Depending on where they occur, hurricanes have ________.
28．A powerful hurricane may become the most destructive ________.
29．When a hurricane arrives, fishermen are in great danger if they are at sea and do not get ________.
30．During a hurricane one should stay away from ________.

A．different labels
B．windows and glass doors
C．inland flooding
D．early warning
E．natural disaster
F．a constant speed


阅读理解1
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 How to Be a Successful Businessperson
Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here’s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.
Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.
At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.
While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental（租赁的）company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook’s assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. “I didn’t like it,” Mr. Kazi says, “but I always did the best I could.”
One day, Mr. Kazi’s two coworkers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.
A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.
A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he eared, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.
Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn’t planning to stop there. He’s looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy, “I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it’s a mess,” Mr. Kazi says. “The only way it can go is up.”
31．When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to
A．be an airplane pilot.
B．sell cars.
C．own a restaurant.
D．become a good cook.
32．Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to
A．learn how to cook.
B．save money for a car.
C．save money on food.
D．learn how to run a restaurant.
33．Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant because
A．he worked very hard.
B．his co-workers praised him.
C．he was a good cook.
D．he knew how to run a restaurant.
34．To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT to
A．advertise for it.
B．clean it up.
C．improve the food.
D．retrain the employees.
35．In the last paragraph, “it’s a mess” means
A．it’s small.
B．it’s profitable.
C．it’s dirty.
D．it’s cheap.

第二篇 The Book of Life
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species（物种）, and that’s just a small part of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other creatures covering the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.
A soon-to-be-launched Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of a Web-based Encyclopedia（百科全书）of Life（EoL）. The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases（数据库）that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, non-scientists with specialized（专门的）knowledge will get to join in. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input which birds they’ve seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only recently become available.
As the EoL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems（生态系统）in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven’t been reviewed.
Another convenient feature of the EoL is that you’ll be able to pick the level of detail you see to match your interests, age, and current knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the “novice” setting to get basic information about the animals. On the “expert” setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.
It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed that process.
36．“Spider” and “bird” mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate
A．animals are people’s friends.
B．there are numerous living species on Earth.
C．it is easy to see spiders and birds.
D．there are many types of spiders and birds.
37．The goal of the creation of the EoL is to
A．collect enough data to analyze the living species on Earth.
B．enlarge an existing website of the living species on Earth.
C．work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth.
D．add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth.
38．At the starting stage the EoL will get information from
A．all the Web sites available.
B．the existing scientific databases.
C．databases built up by its creators.
D．non-scientists with specialized knowledge.
39．The word “novice” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by
A．scientist.
B．beginner.
C．creator.
D．expert.
40．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The EoL will be beneficial to school kids with its development.
B．Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on Earth.
C．People with different interests and knowledge will in a way find the EoL useful.
D．Scientists will review every piece of the information added to the EoL.

第三篇 Weaving with Light
In the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico, the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors did—Without electricity. That’s because it’s too expensive to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves, the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. And without electricity—at home or on the road, they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark, they must stop whatever they’re doing.
Now, a team of scientists, designers, and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets. The scientists’ technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes, bags, or other items.
By collecting the sun’s energy during the day, these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics “Portable”（轻便的）Lights. ‘‘Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world.
At the core of Portable Lights technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes（高亮度发光二级管）or HB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks, televisions, and streetlights.
LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs（灯泡）. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights（白炽灯）. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil（线圈）to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see. Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat —and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.
LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.
41．The Huichol don’t use electricity because
A．it is too difficult for them to change their lifestyles.
B．they know nothing about it.
C．it costs too much to string power lines.
D．they don’t need it.
42．To make a living, the Huichol create artwork and
A．sell it to tourists in their villages.
B．sell it in cities far away from their villages.
C．display it in their village museums.
D．keep it in their homes to attract tourists.
43．The central part of the Portable Lights technology is
A．glass bulbs.
B．digital clocks.
C．incandescent lights.
D．HB LEDs.
44．All of the following are disadvantages of incandescent lights EXCEPT that
A．they are not bright enough.
B．they burn out quickly.
C．they are easily broken.
D．they waste most of the energy produced.
45．LEDs are different from light bulbs in that
A．LEDs are made up of tiny pieces of rock.
B．LEDs can send out light of different colors.
C．LEDs belong to incandescent lights.
D．LEDs look like crystals.
补全短文

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Some Unusual Celebrations
Some holidays are well-known all around the world. Among them are New Year’s Eve celebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine’s Day. Each country has its own special holidays, too, often to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on days like these. _________ (46) A few of them are really very strange.
Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Consider April Fool’s Day, for example. No one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries—France, England, and Australia among others. On this day, people play practical jokes. _________ (47) The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?
Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: They do it to girls they like.
Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. _________ (48) For two hours, people in the, streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.
August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat. _________ (49)
There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea for a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9. _________ (50)
Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.
A．Some of the days people celebrate, however are less serious.
B．Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.
C．Some people have fun imagining new holidays.
D．They bring him back to town put a crown on his head, and make him king for three days.
E．Then begins the world’s biggest food fight.
F．That is supposed to be Toothache Day.
完形填空
第6部分：完形填空（第52~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?
What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91°C, which _________(51) in Antarctica（南极洲）in 1983.
We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in _________ (52). Temperatures in Earth orbit（轨道）actually range from about +120°C to -120°C．The temperature depends upon_________ (53) you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, - 120°C is colder than our body can _________ (54) endure.
The space temperatures just discussed affect only our area of the solar _________ (55). Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel _________ (56) from the Sun. Scientists estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210°C．How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your _________ (57). We are taught it is supposedly _________ (58) to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273°C, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, Cornell and Wieman, have successfully _________ (59) down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work—not a discovery, in this case.
Why is the two scientists’ work so important to science?
In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting _________ (60) about special light particles（微粒）we now call photons（光子）. Bose had trouble _________ (61) other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein’s calculations helped him theorize that atoms _________ (62) behave as Bose thought —but only at very cold temperatures.
Scientists have also discovered that ultra-cold（超冷）atoms can help them make the world’s atomic clocks even _________ (63) accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second _________ (64) six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity（速度）times time(d = v×t). With the long distances involved in space _________ (65), we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.
51．A．operated B．occurred C．opened D．offered
52．A．star B．Earth C．space D．planet
53．A．whether B．where C．what D．when
54．A．safely B．sadly C．repeatedly D．freely
55．A．system B．energy C．year D．rays
56．A．by B．away C．along D．with
57．A．education B．status C．knowledge D．location
58．A．impossible B．interesting C．reasonable D．necessary
59．A．burnt B．blown C．cut D．cooled
60．A．invention B．experiment C．theory D．paper
61．A．forcing B．begging C．ordering D．convincing
62．A．would B．will C．must D．need
63．A．that B．such C．much D．more
64．A．any B．each C．some D．every
65．A．station B．craft C．travel D．age
参考答案
2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案（理工类C级）
1 C 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 B
6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 C
11 D 12 C 13 D 14 D 15 B
16 B 17 A 18 C 19 A 20 A
21 B 22 C 23 D 24 E 25 B
26 C 27 A 28 E 29 D 30 B
31 A 32 C 33 A 34 A 35 C
36 B 37 C 38 B 39 B 40 B
41 C 42 B 43 D 44 A 45 B
46 A 47 B 48 E 49 D 50 F
51 B 52 C 53 A 54 A 55 A
56 B 57 D 58 A 59 D 60 C
61 D 62 A 63 D 64 D 65 C
其中：
第一部分：第1～15题，每题1分，共15分；
第二部分：第16～22题，每题1分，共7分；
第三部分：第23～30题，每题1分，共8分；
第四部分：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分；
第五部分：第46～50题，每题2分，共10分；
第六部分：第51～65题，每题1分，共15分。
试卷满分：100分。
答案解析
2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析（理工类C级）
第1部分：词汇选项
1．C　题意：格林在剑桥度过了短暂的时光。
划线词词义是“短暂的”。A项hard意为困难的；例句：I know this is too hard for you.我知道这对你来说太难了。B项good意为好的；例句：He is a good man.他是一个好人。C项short意为短暂的；例句：Why did you just rest a short time? 为什么你只休息了这么短时间？D项long意为长的。例句：She spent a long time with her parents.她跟她的父母待了很长的时间。很明显C项正确。
2．B　题意：玛莎承认她对电脑一无所知。
划线词词义是“承认”。A项report意为报道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident.这次事故据报道有20人死亡。B项admit意为承认；例句：Of course, part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English.当然，一部分是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。C项hope意为希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped.事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。D项answer意为回答。例句：The question is simple enough to answer.这个问题很简单，容易回答。很明显B项正确。
3．C　题意：我的医生说我应该饮食多样化。
划线词词义是“改变，使多样化”。A项prepare意为准备；例句：Liming prepared everything for his examination.李明为考试做了一切准备。B项cook意为烹调；例句：Are you good at cooking?你擅长烹饪吗？C项change意为改变；例句：Do you change your mind?你改变你的想法了吗？D项choose意为挑选。例句：Please choose a red one for me.请为我挑选一个红色的。很明显C项正确。
4．A　题意：在会上，我们研究了扩建的可能性。
划线词词义是“调查，研究”。A项investigate意为调查，研究；例句：The police are investigating the murder.警察正在调查这件谋杀案。B项offer意为提供；例句：If she was offered the job she’d take it.如果提供给她这个工作，她就会接受。C项include意为包括；例句：The bill came to $ 467, tax included.账单共计467美元，含税。D项accept意为接受；例句：I accepted it cheerily.我高兴地接受了。很明显A项正确。
5．B　题意：已提出很多理论来解释这种情况。
划线词词义是“建议”。A项tested意为检验；例句：Is this equipment tested for mechanical aptitude?这台设备测定了其机械适应性了吗？B项suggested意为提出；例句：He suggested a plan to expand the office.他提出扩建这间办公室的计划。C项used意为使用；例句：The car used a gallon of petrol for the journey.汽车在路上消耗了一加仑汽油。D项announced意为宣布。例句：Mr. Robert Brown was announced as the sponsor.罗勃特.布朗先生被宣布为赞助人。很明显B项正确。
6．C　题意：自我幼年时代以来事物都发生了很大变化。
划线词词义是“许多，大量”。A项gradually意为逐渐地；例句：The rain lessened gradually and gave over at last.雨渐渐小下来，终于停止了。B项suddenly意为突然地；例句：Suddenly he began to shriek loudly.突然他开始大声尖叫起来。C项greatly意为大大地。例句：His writing has improved greatly in this semester.这学期他的写作有了很大进步。D项frequently意为频繁地；例句：He comes to visit me frequently.他经常来看我。很明显C项正确。
7．B　题意：他们把空闲的卧室改成了一间办公室。
划线词词义是“转换，改造”。A项reduced意为减少；例句：They are selling the goods under the counter at reduced prices.他们正在削价偷偷出售商品。B项turned意为改变；改良，使改成。例句：Nothing will ever turn him from his purpose.什么也不能使他改变目标。C项moved意为移动；例句：The army is on the move.军队在移动。D项reformed意为改革；改良；例句：Because of his encouragement, she won the best designer by her reformed cheongsam.因为他的鼓励，被以她的改良式旗袍赢得了最佳设计师奖。很明显B项正确。
8．D　题意：详尽地研究该书耗费了十年时间。
划线词词义是“彻底的，详尽的”。A项basic意为基础的，根本的；例句：Let me enlarge on this basic theme.让我进一步阐述一下这个基本主题。B项social意为社会的.社交的；例句：We are invited to a small social gathering.我们被邀请参加一个小型社交聚会。C项major意为较大的，主要的。例句：This is the major part of whole thing.这是整件事情的主要部分。D项careful意为精心的，彻底的；例句：The doctor gave her a careful examination.医生对她作了彻底的检查。很明显D项正确。
9．A　题意：在危急关头可以依赖她。
划线词词义是“依靠，依赖”。A项depended on意为依赖，信任。例句：More importantly, can he be depended on? 更为重要的是，可以依靠他吗？B项looked after意为照顾；例句：Are you being well looked after? 大家对你照顾得好吗？C项believed in意为相信；例句：We all believed in her prediction.我们都相信地的预言。D项turned on意为打开；例句：We troubled him to turn on the light.我们麻烦他打开电。很明显A项正确。
10．C　题意：高速列车可能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。
划线词词义是“影响”。A项effort意为努力；例句：They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.他们正尽全力减少生产成本。B项problem意为问题；例句：We had no time to deliberate on the problem.我们没有时间仔细思考这个问题。C项influence意为影响。例句：Children are easily influenced by their peers.孩子很容易受同辈影响。D项concern意为关心，桂念；例句：Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced.没有人表示过一点点的关心。很明显C项正确。
11．D　题意：他的长期目标是建立自己的公司（业务）。
划线词词义是“目标”。A项idea意为想法；例句：It would be a good idea to go swimming in the pond.到池塘里去游泳倒是个好主意。B项energy意为能量；精力；例句：Young people usually have more energy than the old.青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。C项order意为命令；例句：The appeal court quashed the care order made by the juvenile court.上诉法院宣布少年法院发出的照看命令无效。D项aim意为目标；例句：The chief aim of man is not to get money.人的主要目的并不是赚钱。很明显D项正确。
12．C　题意：他的鞋擦得很亮。
划线词词义是“使发光，使发亮”；擦亮（皮鞋等）。A项cleared意为澄清；扫除；例句：Each human is born with a bag of karma to be cleared in this life.每个人生来均带有一系列要在此生清除的业力。B项washed意为洗；例句：Can I put washed produce in the bag? 我可以把洗过的农产品放进口袋么？C项polished意为擦亮；抛光：例句：The children loved sliding round the newly polished floor.孩子们喜欢在刚擦亮的地板上溜圈子。D项mended意为修补。例句：We need an electrician to mend the iron.我们要请电工修理熨斗。很明显C项正确。
13．D　题意：贪财是一切罪恶之根源。
划线词词义是“根；根源，原因”。A项result意为结果；例句：They worked without result.他们徒劳无功。B项end意为结束；例句：The accident put an untimely end to the party.意外事故使聚会匆匆结束了。C项force意为力量。例句：But they refused to bow to force.但他们拒不向武力低头。D项cause意为起因；例句：It’s certain that every effect must have a cause.无疑，每个结果必定有其原因。很明显D项正确。
14．D　题意：这项试验产生了令人失望的结果。
划线词词义是“使人失望的，令人扫兴的”。A项indirect意为间接的；例句：His indirect way of telling me to leave annoyed me.他那种不直截了当地让我离开的方式激怒了我。B项similar意为类似的；例句：He talked about it in a similar way.他对此事有相似的说法。C项positive意为积极的；肯定的。例句：She shows a very positive attitude to her work.她工作态度非常积极。D项unsatisfactory意为不能令人满意的；例句：His answer is unsatisfactory.他的答案不能令人满意。很明显D项正确。
15．B　题意：最后她找到了一份工作并搬到了伦敦。
划线词词义是“最后，终于”。A项certainly意为的确，无疑；例句：She certainly bears you no malice.她对你的确并无恶意。B项finally意为最后，最终。例句：She finally settled on teaching.她最后选定了教书这一职业。C项luckily意为幸运地；例句：Luckily there was a doctor on the spot.幸运的是现场有一位医生。D项naturally意为自然地；例句：A mother naturally feels protective towards her children.母亲对自己的孩子自然会悉心保护。很明显B项正确。

第2部分：阅读判断
16．B　题意：科学家们一直记录着湖泊温度的变化已超过30多年。
关键词：Scientists科学家们；keeping records一直记录；lake temperatures湖泊温度；for over 30 years 30多年
根据文中第2段开头的第1句：“科学家们近来利用卫星来研究世界上湖泊温度的变化，而且发现湖温正在上升。”第2句的开头在1985至2009年间，……”，可看出共“24年”，而且下一句直接就写“在这24年期间”。由此可判断错误，选B项。
17．A　题意：从1985年至2009年，世界湖泊的温度已大大上升了。
关键词：The temperatures of lakes湖泊温度；have increased greatly大大增加了；between 1985 and 2009从1985至2009年
根据文中第2段的第2、3行：“从1985至2009年，……。在这24年间，湖泊的温度变得更高了。”以此可判断应选A项正确。
18．C　题意：亚洲湖泊的温度似乎上升地更快。
关键词：Lakes湖泊；be warming faster升温更快；in Asia在亚洲
因“Asia（亚洲）”在全文中没有出现，以此可判断选C项，没有提及。
19．A　题意：湖泊温度略有上升都有可能毒害鱼类。
关键词：A slight temperature increase温度略有上升；harmful to fish毒害鱼类
根据文中第3段的最后1句：“湖温略有上升就会产生大量的水藻，而水藻又可使湖水对鱼类造成毒害。”以此可判断选A项正确。
20．A　题意：当科学家们研究全球变暖时，他们通常集中研究的是空气温度。
关键词：Scientists科学家们；focus on集中；air temperatures空气温度
根据文中第4段的第2行：“……因为科学家们经常利用对空气温度的测量来研究地球是如何变暖的。”以此可以判断选A项正确。
21．B　题意：全球变暖对小国威胁更小。
关键词：Global warming全球变暖；less threatening威胁更小；small countries小国
根据文中第5段的第1行：“……，由于没有一个国家会因其太大或太小而能忽视气候变化。”以此可判断错误，应选B项。
22．C　题意：今年的联合国气候变化框架协议的年度会议将在墨西哥举行。
关键词：UNFCCC’s annual meeting联合国气候变化框架协议的年度会议；in Mexico在墨西哥
因为在全文中找不到“Mexico（墨西哥）”一词，以此可以判断没有提及，选C项。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23．D　第1段的第1句：“飓风是一种热带风暴，它的持续速度可高达每小时74英里。”以此可判断D项What is a hurricane? 什么是飓风？为正确选项。
24．E　第2段的第1句：“人们给予飓风各种名称，这主要取决于它的发源地。”以此可判断E项What are different names of hurricanes?飓风的不同名称是什么？为正确选项。
25．B　第3段的第1句：“当飓风袭击大陆时，猛烈的强风、大雨、内陆的洪水泛滥以及巨浪对海岩的冲击，都可能造成巨大的破坏。”以此可以判断B项What damages can a hurricane cause?飓风可能引起什么样的破坏？为正确选项。
26．C　第4段的第1句：“如果飓风即将来到你所在的区域，最重要的就是要保持平静并立刻找到遮蔽的地方。”以此可以判断C项What should you do during a hurricane?飓风发生时你应该做什么？为正确选项。
27．A　题意：依据飓风发源的地点，它们具有 ________。
根据第2段可知飓风在不同地点有不同的名称，故选A项。
28．E　题意：强大飓风可能成为最具破坏性的________。
根据第3段可知飓风是一种自然灾害，故选E项。
29．D　题意：当飓风到达时，如果渔民们正在海上作业，而且没有获得 ________，他们会处于极度危险之中。
根据第3段最后1行可知应选D项。
30．B　题意：当发生飓风时，人们应当远离 ________。
根据第4段第3句可知应选B项。

第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇：
31．A　题意：Kazi先生年轻时，他的梦想是 ________。
题干中的关键词：“Mr. Kazi人名；young年轻；dream梦想”。
根据文中第2段的第1行末：“他的梦想是当一名飞机驾驶员，……。”很明显应选A项。
32．C　题意：Kazi先生决定到KFC工作，为了 ________。
题干中的关键词：“Mr. Kazi人名，KFC肯德基缩写”。
根据文中第4段的第2行：“为了省下吃的钱，他决定到KFC寻找一份工作。”很明显应选C项。
33．A　题意：Kazi先生成为了一家新餐馆的经理，因为 ________。
题干中的关键词：“Mr. Kazi人名；manager经理；because因为”。
根据文中第5段的第3行：“几个月后，主人需要一个新餐馆的经理。他们把这项工作交给了Kazi先生。”因该题问的是“原因”，所以应看前1~2句：“一天，Kazi的两个同事没来上班。Kazi一人干了三个人的活，这给老板留下了深刻的印象。”很明显应选A项。
34．A　题意：为了拯救一家亏损餐馆，Kazi先生做了以下事情，哪一项除外。
题干中的关键词：“To save a failing restaurant拯救一家亏损餐馆；EXCEPT除……之外”。
从第7段的第2行末找到“B项”，在第3行找到“C项”和“D项”。
35．C　题意：在最后1段中，“it’s a mess”意指 ________。
题干中的关键词：“mess；means意指”。
“mess”一词的词义是：“肮脏，污秽”。很明显C项（它肮脏）是正确选项。

第二篇：
36．B　题意：第1段中提到的“蜘蛛”和“鸟”是为说明 ________ 而举的例子。
题干中的关键词：“Spider蜘蛛；bird鸟；paragraph 1（第1段）；to illustrate说明。”
根据文中第1段的2～4行：“由于有那么多的植物、动物和其他生物布满在这颗星球上，所以很难指出到底是什么类型的蜘蛛爬到了你的腿上或什么种类的鸟飞过你的身旁。”以此判断B项正确。
37．C　题意：创立生命百科全书的目的是 ________。
题干中的关键词：“The goal目标；the EoL生命百科全书。”
根据文中第2段的第3行：“该项目旨在（目的在于）以单一、易用的参考为指导来编目地球上的每一个物种”。以此判断C项正确。
38．B　题意：在初始阶段，生命百科全书将从 ________ 来获取信息。
题干中的关键词：“the starting stage开始阶段；the EoL生命百科全书；get information获取信息。”
根据文中第3段的1～2行：“为启动该百科全书，创立者将利用现有的科学数据的信息。”以此判断B项正确。
39．B　题意：第5段中的“novice”一词可由下列哪一项替换最好。
题干中的关键词：“novice: in paragraph 5在第5段中；be best replaced by由……替换最好。”
novice的词义是“初学者”。很容易看出B项正确。
40．B　题意：下列哪一项陈述不真实？
题干中的关键词：“NOT true不真实”。
A项在4段1行；C项在5段1～2行；D项在4段3行。以此判断应选B项。

第三篇：
41．C　题意：维克人不用电，因为 ________。
题干中的关键词：“The Huichol维克人：electricity电；because因为”。
根据文中第1段的2～3行：“……没有电，这是因为在他们居住的偏远山区架设电线成本太大。”以此判断C项正确。
42．B　题意：为了谋生，维克人制作工艺品并 ________。
题干中的关键词：“the Huichol维克人；create artwork制作工艺品”。
根据文中第1段的4～5行：“……，维克人以制作精美的工艺品为生，他们到几百英里以外的城市去销售。”以此判断应选B项。
43．D　题意：移动光源技术的核心部分是 ________。
题干中的关键词：“The central part核心部分；the Portable Lights technology移动光源技术。”
根据文中第4段的1～2行：“移动光源技术的核心是高亮度发光二极管，或写成HB LEDs。”以此判断应选D项。
44．A　题意：以下各项是白炽灯的不利之处，________除外。
题干中的关键词：“disadvantages不利之处，缺点；incandescent lights白炽灯；except除…之外。”
在第5段的最后一句可找到B、C和D项，故选A项。
45．B　题意：发光二极管不同于灯泡就在于 ________。
题干中的关键词：“LEDs发光二极管；different from不同于；light bulbs灯泡”。
根据文中倒数第2句：“（LEDs发光二极管）不像白炽灯，它们能够发出各种色彩的光。”以此判断应选B项。

第5部分：补全短文
46．A　句意：然而，人们所庆祝的一些天并不那么严肃。
文中“学校、银行和政府机构在这样的节日里会关门”和“其中有些节日确实又非常奇特。”很明显应补入A项。
47．B　句意：恶作剧很有趣，但是这些恶作剧并不能使每个人都发笑。
文中“这一天，人们开着戏弄人的恶作剧。”和“做恶作剧的人会笑，而被戏弄的人往往会很生气。”很明显应补入B项。
48．E　句意：接着便开始了世界上最大的食物大战。
Then（然后，接着），起承上启下作用。（该词引导的是一个全倒装句，“the world’s biggest food fight”是主语，“begins”是谓语）。the world’s biggest food fight中的food（食物）非常重要，说明其前一句中肯定有“食物”之类词。文中“每年的八月末，大卡车载着二十多万磅的西红柿进入这个小镇。”很明显应补入E项。
49．D　句意：他们把他（或它）带回城里，给他（或它）戴上了王（或花）冠，并让他（或它）当三天的国王。
They（他们；指人，复数）him（他；指人或动物）。所补空白处的前一句应该有表示“人”的复数名词和有表示“人”或“动物”的单数名词。文中“Killorglin城的人们上山去抓一只野山羊。”很明显应补入D项。
50．F　句意：这一天是牙痛日。
That（这一或那一），代词，指代前一句中的某个名词。Toothache Day（牙痛日），说明前一句一定会有“某月某日”，才能定为大写的……日。文中“似乎很奇怪，可是听起来比这更有趣的是2月9日。”很明显应该补入F项。

第6部分：完形填空
51．B　句意：它（指“地球上记录到的最低温度”）1983年出现在南极洲。
文中“which（关系代词），引导非限制性定语从句，作主语，指代其前边的’地球上记录到的最低温度’”和“in Antarctica in 1983(1983年在南极洲）”，很明显应选B项occurred发生，出现。
52．C　句意：我们讨论宇宙温度时会发现一种有趣的现象。
文中“Temperatures in Earth orbit（地球轨道上的温度）”可提示我们应选C项space宇宙空间。
53．A　句意：温度的变化取决于你是向阳还是背阳。
文中“depends upon（取决于）”和“you are……（你在……)”，很明里应选A项whether是一个主从连词，用于引导宾语从句，词意是“是否”。其他选项都不合要求。
54．A　句意：很明显，-120℃远低于我们人体能承受的安全温度。
文中“-120℃，our body can我们人体能够”和“endure承受”，很明显应选A项。
55．A　句意：刚才讨论的是有关太阳系中环地球宇宙空间的温度。
文中的solar提示我们应选A项system体系。solar system是因定词组，意思是：“太阳系”。其他选项都不合乎要求。
56．B　句意：很明显，离太阳越近，温度越高，离太阳越远温度越低。
文中“we travel（我们航行）”和“from the Sun（离开太阳）”，很明显应选B项away（离开）。其他选项都不合适。
57．D　句意：这仍然取决于你的位置。
“How cold is the lowest estimated temperature….? （……的最低温度是多少？）”和“it depends upon your（取决于你的）”，很明显应选D项Location位置。其他选项都不合乎要求。
58．A　句意：我们知道大概不可能有绝对零度的温度。
文中“it is supposedly（大概是）”和“to have a temperature below absolute zero（有低于绝对零度的温度）”，很明显应选A项impossible（不可能）。其他选项都不符合要求。
59．D　句意：两位科学家科内尔和威曼成功地将气体的温度降到接近绝对零度。
文中“Two scientists… have success fully（两位科学家……成功地）’’和“down a gas to...（将一种气体的温度……下降到）”，很明显应选D项cooled（冷却）。其他选项都不合乎要求。
60．C　句意：在20世纪20年代，科学家萨满蒂延德拉•纳•玻色就在研究一种有关发光微粒的理论，这种微粒就是我们现在所称作的“光子”。
文中“...was studying an interesting(……正在研究一种有趣的）”和“about special light particles（有关特殊的光粒子）”，很明显应选C项theory（理论），其他选项都不合乎要求。
61．D　句意：玻色很难说服其他的科学家相信他的理论。
文中“Bose had trouble（玻色很难）”和“other scientists to believe...（其他科学家相信…）很明显应选D项convincing（使人信服的，有说明力的）。其他选项都不合乎要求。
62．A　句意：爱因斯坦的计算帮助他从理论上推出：原子会像玻色想象得那样移动。
文中“…helped him theorize that atoms...(……帮助他从理论上证实出，原子……）”，表达“推测”（从4个选项看）应选A项would（会）。其他选项都不适合。
63．D　句意：科学家们还发现，超低温下的原子可以使原子表更精准。
根据空白处左边的even（甚至于——副词，经常用于修饰比较级的程度差异，此外还有：much, still, far等），很明显应选D项more（比…更）。其他选项都不适合。
64．D　句意：这些原子表非常精准，每600万年才慢一秒。
文中“one second（一秒）”和“six million year(600万年）”，很明显应选D项every（每/隔），其他选项都不适合。
65．C　句意：从地球飞向其他星球的宇宙航程很长，计时越精确，测算宇宙飞行器的即时距离越精确。
文中space提示我们应选C项travel（行程；航程）。space travel是一个固定词组，词义是“太空飞行（航行）”。其他选项都不合乎要求。