punish impunity penal penology penitence repent penance impenitent

impunity [im'pju:nəti]
freedom from punishment or from the unpleasant results of something that has been done
n. 不受惩罚；无罪；[法] 免罚

例句
If laws are not enforced, crimes are committed with impunity.
如果法律不能实施,人们就会犯罪而不受惩罚。

penal ['pi:nl]
connected with or used for punishment, especially by law
that can be punished by law:
very severe
adj.刑罚的；刑事的；（罚款、课税)繁重的；苛刻的

例句
After his experience in jail, he has a pretty jaundiced view of the penal system.
经历了牢狱生活之后，他对刑罚制度颇有成见。
The punishments for robbery and murder are prescribed in the penal code.
对抢劫和凶杀的惩罚在刑法中有明文规定.

penology [pi:'nɔlədʒi]
the study of prisons and the punishment of criminals
n. [法] 监狱管理学；刑罚学

penitence ['penitəns] pen=pun +i起连接作用+tence名词后缀,同下面的tance
(written) a feeling of being sorry because you have done sth wrong
n. 后悔；赎罪

例句
The thief expressed penitence for all his past actions.
那盗贼对他犯过的一切罪恶表示忏悔。

repent [ri'pent] 名词repentance
to be very sorry for something bad you have done in the past and wish that you had not done it:
v后悔；忏悔

例句
She deeply repented of having deceived her husband.
她为欺骗了丈夫而深感忏悔。

penance ['penəns]
something that you must do to show that you are sorry for something you have done wrong, especially in some religions
something that you have to do but do not enjoy doing
vt. 使…以苦行赎罪
n. (赎罪的)苦修；忏悔

例句
She knelt at her mother’s feet in penance.
她忏悔地跪在母亲脚下。
Are you willing to do penance for your sins,my son?
你愿意以苦刑赎你的罪吗,孩子?

impenitent [im'penitənt]
not sorry or ashamed about something bad you have done

adj. 顽固的；不知悔改的;不觉羞耻的

例句
His impenitent attitude is really annoying
他死不改悔的态度真令人生气。