Those who in the 1930s and 1940s wished to draw connections between social structures and scientific knowledge tended to be those determined to graft social systems onto science, or to derive them from science.

在30至40年代，很多学者希望将社会结构和科学真理联系起来，他们有的倾向于把社会制度移植到科学框架中，还有的倾向于通过科学来设计社会制度。

Most notably the Nazi and Soviet ideologues were doing this, but Polanyi too, in opposing the influence of the mechanical marxism of the 1930s, was nudging science into a sophisticated revival of Christianity. He too was trying to push science around, wanting it to come up with answers that would fit in with a pre-existing religious and political philosophy.

事实上，纳粹和苏联的思想家们都在做这件事。波兰尼也在思考这个问题，他抵制30年代的机械马克思主义，希望能通过科学，推动基督教复兴，并解答那些悬而未决的宗教和政治哲学问题。

Such a thing was quite foreign to Alan Turing, who believed that he was keeping himself securely within the realm of experimental truth.

但是，图灵对这种事情很陌生，他也不想参与其中，他只想安全地站在实证主义立场上。

One person did, in contrast, investigate the capacity of language to separate the factual from the non-factual. But Wittgenstein's methods were such that hardly anyone could ever be sure what he meant.

然而有一个人，真的研究了语言区分事实的能力，这个人就是维特根斯坦。可是，没有任何人能够理解维特根斯坦的研究方法。

Alan Turing's approach was one that rode roughshod over Wittgenstein's questions in a search for the simple truth at the centre—but it had the virtue that the picture he drew was clear and plain, something that could in principle be tried out.

相比之下，图灵的方法倒是有个优点，他构建了一幅清晰的图景，而且理论上是可以实践检验的。

As for the integration of a theory of logical problems, a psychological theory which had led him to 'the root of the problem' in his own unhappiness, Tolstoy's historical problem about the nature of individual action, Forster's questions about individuals and class consciousness—all this would be too much for anyone to encompass, and it was certainly not the way in which he worked or thought.

至于那些逻辑理论、心理学理论、托尔斯泰关于个体行为本质的历史理论、佛斯特关于个体和集体意识的理论——如果让一个人去整合这一切，那实在是过于复杂了，这不是图灵的研究或思维方式。

At Bletchley he had worked on the central logical problems, finding bold and simple solutions, while a vast human organisation sprouted around him; it had not been his role to pull the whole complexity together.

他当年在布莱切利时，有大量的社会问题围绕着他，但他只专注于一个核心的问题，集中精力寻找一个答案这才是图灵的风格，他不是那种汇集所有复杂性于一身的人。