His attitudes still had more in common with the democratic individualism of J.S. Mill.
他的态度仍然倾向于J.S.密尔的民主个人主义，
But he did not share Mill's interest in commercial competition.
但他与密尔不同，他对商业竞争没兴趣。
Indeed, he did not know anything about it.
事实上，他对此一无所知。
His life had been in interlocking schools, universities and government service.
他的轨迹就是从公校，到大学，再到政府部门。
In his undergraduate days business had been a holiday, and the small Beuttell and Morcom firms were themselves exceptions to the twentieth century trend, representing a spirit which had largely died with Gladstone.
他在大学假期时打工的别特尔公司，本身就是20世纪的异类，代表着与格莱斯顿一同死去的精神。
And during the war, the contractors for equipment had been working on carte blanche government contracts in which ordinary considerations of profit had no application.
而且在战时，设备的承约人完全受政府合约的委托，不需要考虑利润问题。
Money, commerce, and competition had played no obvious part in the central developments in which Alan Turing was enmeshed, developments which had allowed him in many ways to remain the idealistic undergraduate.
金钱、贸易、竞争，这些都与艾伦的生活中心不相关，他在很多方面，仍是一个保持理想主义的学生。
His retention of a primitive liberalism, his 'championing of the underdog' as it was seen at Hanslope, like his obsession with the absolutely basic, had the flavour of more Utopian thinkers than Mill.
他对原始的自由主义的推崇，他在汉斯洛普表现出来的对弱者的同情，还有他对绝对本质的痴迷，比密尔更具有乌托邦的味道。
Tolstoy was a figure that he brought to one person's mind, and Claude Shannon had perceived him as like Nietzsche, 'beyond Good and Evil'.
他将自己比作托尔斯泰，而克劳德·香农感觉他更像尼采，超越了善恶。
But perhaps closer in spirit than either of these, and certainly closer to home, was another late nineteenth-century figure who had lurked more in the back room of political consciousness.
但也许比起这两位，在精神上与他更为接近的，是另外一个19世纪后期人物，爱德华·卡本特。
That awkward figure Edward Carpenter, while sharing much in common with each of these European thinkers, had criticised Tolstoy for a restrictive attitude to sex and Nietzsche for overbearing arrogance.
图灵与这些欧洲思想家有很多共同之处，但他批判托尔斯泰对性的压迫，以及尼采的傲慢和自负。