Liao Dynasty
辽朝
Social Economy
社会经济
The Liao went through different stages of economic development.
辽朝经历了不同阶段的经济发展。
In its early years, it mainly depended on outward expansion, slavery and thievery, so its development remained slow and disrupted.
辽初期，国家主要依赖于向外扩张、奴隶、掠夺，因此它的发展缓慢而不连续。
It was not until the reign of Emperor Shengzong when the Liao managed to institute feudal reform, its economy attained some distinct progress.
一直到神宗时期进行封建改革后，辽的经济取得了明显的进步。
The Liao rulers also adopted a differential economic management system, similar to its political one.
辽朝的统治者还采取了一套特别的与其政治体系相似的经济管理体系。
This system promoted the economic development throughout the whole northern area.
这个体系加强了整个北部地区的经济发展。
The Liao economy was based on horse and sheep raising and agriculture.
辽朝的经济养马、养羊以及农业为基础。
Fishing also played an important complementary role.
渔业同样扮演着一个重要的补充者的角色。
Those engaged in agriculture were mostly the Han people who lived in the southern area and the Bohai people who lived in the eastern area.
从事农业的大多是南部的汉人和东部的渤海人。
The nomadic zone consisted of various northern grassland nationalities and the fishing-hunting zone covered the Khitan area between the Xar Moron and Tuhe rivers, and the Jurchen people's area in the northeast.
游牧地区由不同的几个草原民族构成，打渔-打猎的地区涵盖了位于希拉木伦河和图河之间的契丹以及东北部的女真。
The integration of the three economic zones into a political system sped up communication between differ?ent nationalities and promoted a higher level economic development.
三个经济区域的融合加快了不同民族之间的交流并使经济发展到了一个更高的层次。
The southern economy, which had been feudal for a long time, dominated the whole economy.
南部地区的封建经济已经持续多年，这种经济占据了整个经济的主导地位。
Besides, the supply of salt was controlled by government monopoly and provided an important source of revenue.
除此之外，盐的经营权由政府垄断，是国家收入的重要来源。
Iron smelting was also an important industrial contribution to the wealth of the dynasty.
炼铁术也是让这个朝代富足的重要工业贡献。