Song Dynasty
宋朝
Jingkang Incident
靖康之变
The first 25 years at the beginning of the 12th century saw the darkest age ruled by the fatuous and self-indulgent Emperor Huizong.
12世纪开头的25年见证了由愚蠢而放纵的宋徽宗执政的黑暗时期。
Although Huizong usefully kept down the two large-scale peasant uprisings, his dynasty was doomed with the rising Nuzhen tribe.
尽管徽宗有力地镇压了两次大规模的起义，他的朝代注定遭遇女真部落的崛起。
There lived in the Changbai Mountains and the Helongjiang Valley the ancestors of the Nuzhen people long before.
很久以前，女真人的祖先居住在长白山和黑龙江流域。
The name “Nuzhen” did not appear in historical records until the Five Dynasties Period (907— 960) when it was under the control of the Khitan.
“女真”直到五代时期（907——960）才出现在历史记录里，那时它受契丹族的控制。
In 1115, the great headman of the Nu zhen tribe Wanyan Aguda established a new dynasty ---- the Jin Dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor.
1115年，女真族伟大的首领完颜阿骨打创立了一个新的朝代——金并自立为帝。
Historically, Wanyan Aguda was called as Emperor Taizu.
完颜阿骨打在历史上被称为金太祖。
In 1125, the emperor of Liao surrendered to Jin and the state of Liao came to its end.
1125年，辽国灭亡，向金国投降。
Then Jin started to invade Northern Song.
之后，金国向北宋（960——1127）进攻。
In 1127, Emperors Huizong and Qinzong were deposed, ending the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127).
1127年，宋徽宗和宋钦宗退位，北宋（960——1127）灭亡。
This event was referred to as Catastrophe of Jingkang in the history.
这个事件在史上被称为靖康之变。

In the same year, Zhao Gou, the younger brother of Song Emperor Qinzong, ascended the throne in Yingtianfu (today’s Nanjing) after the withdrawal of the Jin troops, and later moved the capital to Lin’an (western Hangzhou City of Zhejiang Province).
同年，宋钦宗的弟弟赵构在金国撤军后于应天府（今南京）继承帝位，之后他迁都临安（浙江省杭州西城）。
Zhao Gou still called his regime the “Great Song”，which became known as the Southern Song， and chose the reign title of Jianyan.
赵构仍然称呼他的政权为“大宋”并立国号“建炎”，这其实就是我们所知的南宋。