A groundbreaking documentary about the killing of hundreds of thousands of Indonesians in the 1960s has lost its bid for an Oscar, taking with it some of the nascent buzz around establishing an official investigation into a dark period in the Southeast Asian country.
在今年的奥斯卡奖(Academy Awards)颁奖典礼上，一部讲述上世纪60年代印度尼西亚上百万人惨遭屠杀的震撼纪录片最终未能赢得小金人，也使得近来人们要求印尼官方调查这段黑暗历史的呼声有所减弱。
'The Act of Killing,' an at-times surrealistic film by American Joshua Oppenheimer, examines the killing of at least 500,000 people in 1965-66, bringing a rare spotlight onto state-sanctioned killings that have been little discussed by many Indonesians.
《杀戮演绎》(The Act of Killing)由美国导演乔舒亚・奥本海默(Joshua Oppenheimer)执导，以半超现实主义的手法检视了1965至1966年间印尼政府掀起的导致至少50万人遇难的屠杀，也罕见地把这段许多印尼人不曾谈论过的杀戮历史带至了公众的视线之下。
Since its release in 2012, the film has garnered dozens of awards, including for best documentary at the 2014 British Academy of Film and Television Arts awards, leaving the government facing uncomfortable headlines about an event that leaders have long said was necessary to prevent a communist takeover in the sprawling island nation. The total number of killings has never been established, but some scholars think it could be as high as one million. The victims included communist sympathizers, members of the ethnic Chinese minority, and in many cases people on the wrong side of score-settling.
该片自2012年上映以来斩获了数十项大奖，其中包括2014年英国电影电视艺术学院奖(British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards)最佳纪录片奖。媒体的大力报道令印尼政府倍感难堪。对于这段历史，印尼官方长期坚称这是为了防范国家被共产主义阵营颠覆所采取的必要举措。屠杀遇难总人数从未得到过确认，但有学者推测这一数字可能高达100万。遇害者包括共产主义支持者、当地少数族群华人，以及许多站错了政治阵营的人。
The film lost out Sunday to another American documentary, '20 Feet From Stardom.'
该片在周日的奥斯卡颁奖礼上惜败于另一部美国纪录片《和声女神》(20 Feet From Stardom)。
'I feel like 'The Act of Killing' isn't going away,' Mr. Oppenheimer said from Los Angeles. 'It is a genie that can't be stuffed back in the bottle.'
奥本海默在洛杉矶说，他觉得《杀戮演绎》并没有淡去，这部电影有着无法被压制的强大力量。
The film showcases several men who took part in killings in northern Sumatra island, engaging them to re-enact scenes of murder and torture in the oftentimes bizarre styles of their favorite film genres. The disturbing scenes feature the mock massacre of a village and the matter-of-fact explanation of how to strangle someone with a wire.
在这部电影中，几个曾在苏门答腊岛北部参与屠杀的男人被要求照着自己最喜欢的电影流派，以一种诡异的风格重现当时屠杀凌辱的场景。影片模拟了一个村庄里的屠杀景象，并真实阐释了用一根金属线绞死人的方法。
No one has ever been prosecuted for the killings, which took place in the tumult following an alleged attempted coup by the communist party that killed six generals that led to the downfall of founding President Sukarno. His successor, Suharto, ruled until his own overthrow in street protests in 1998. The nation of 240 million people has since enjoyed a strengthening democracy and legislative and presidential elections will be held in coming months. Those involved in the killings are now old or dying off.
1965年，屠杀在印尼动荡的局势中酝酿。当时印尼共产党(Communist Party of Indonesia)被指试图政变并杀害了6名军事将领，致使印尼国父、时任总统苏加诺(Sukarno)随后下台。继任者苏哈托(Haji Muhammad Suharto)一直当政，直到1998年因街头抗议活动而被推翻。自那以后，这个有着2.4亿人口的国家迎来了民主和法制的强化，该国的总统大选即将举行。曾参与杀戮的人们现在已经年迈，或是相继离世。
Yet there has never been a great deal of interest even in post-Suharto Indonesia in examining the purges. Rights experts say that in part stems from what they call a lack of knowledge; students have generally been taught, if they hear of the killings at all, that the actions saved the nation from communism. At the time, the Vietnam War raged and Southeast Asia was a front line in the Cold War.
但即便是在后苏哈托时代，人们也从未对研究那场大清洗运动产生过太大兴趣。人权专家说，缺乏了解是其中一个原因；如果说学生们听说过那次屠杀的话，一般来说他们接受的也只是类似“那次行动使国家免遭共产主义侵袭”的教育。当时越南战场激战正酣，东南亚也身处冷战前线。
They also point to the lasting power of people at the heart of the killings, who maintained power for decades in organizations that have survived the Suharto era.
他们还指出，当年处在杀戮中心的刽子手们仍然手握重权，几十年来把持着苏哈托时代留存下来的那些机构组织。
'The people who were involved in some of the violence are still around, the religious groups that were complicit in the killings are still around,' said Galuh Wandita, director of Jakarta-based Asia Justice and Rights. The film has helped make the younger generation 'at least be curious about that time.'
总部设在雅加达的亚洲公平和人权组织(Asia Justice and Rights)负责人万迪塔(Galuh Wandita)说，曾经手染鲜血的人还活在世上，大清洗中同流合污的宗教团体也还活在世上。他说，这部电影至少唤起了年轻一代对那段历史的好奇心。
Many Indonesians simply would rather look forward, seeing the killings as the beginning of the Suharto era that the new democracy wants to put behind it. Indonesia has taken tentative steps to address its history, if not at the highest levels of power.
许多印尼人单纯地想忽略掉这段历史，将这段屠杀视作苏哈托时代开始的一个标志，而苏哈托统治时期正是新民主政体希望遗忘的一个时代。印尼已经采取了尝试性的步骤来诠释这段历史，即便不是在权力最高层。
In 2012, the national human rights commission--a government-created but independent organization--issued a report on the killings that alleged gross human rights abuses. The Attorney General's office decided against investigating further, citing insufficient evidence.
2012年，印尼人权委员会（由印尼政府创立但属于独立组织）发布了一份研究报告，指出此次杀戮大量侵犯了人权。然而，印尼司法部长办公室决定禁止进一步调查，理由是证据不足。
But rights workers have held public forums of their own and point to a mayor on the island of Sulawesi last month asking for forgiveness for what happened and promising to provide services to victims as a sign of progress.
不过，人权倡导者仍然自己举办公共论坛，同时指出，苏拉威西岛一位市长上月请求宽恕他在大清洗时的罪孽并承诺会给受难者们提供服务就是进步的一个标志。
Andreas Harsono, with Human Rights Watch in Jakarta, said the film's impact was most significant in reaching the elite. To stir debate in Indonesia, 'what you need is the upper middle class,' he said, adding that the film 'is already hot among the elite in urban areas.'
人权观察组织(Human Rights Watch)驻雅加达的工作人员Andreas Harsono说，《杀戮演绎》在印尼精英阶层中间产生了最大的影响。他指出，在印尼要想引发热烈讨论，就必须先从中上阶层入手。他还补充说，这部影片已经在城市里的精英阶层中间热传。
The film was never released in local theaters but has been seen widely in private screenings. The film team distributed free DVDs and uploaded a version without English subtitles--for speakers of Bahasa Indonsia--on YouTube. In its first six weeks on YouTube, it garnered 138,000 views.
这部电影从未在印尼影院公映，但很多人已经在私下里观看过了。电影发行团队发行了免费DVD，还在YouTube上传了无英文字幕的版本，供讲印尼语的人观看。上传至YouTube后的短短六周时间里，观看次数就达到了13.8万次。
Mr. Oppenheimer said public discourse 'would have been accelerated had we won, but the discussion will continue.'
奥本海默称，假如《杀戮演绎》捧走奥斯卡小金人的话，那么有关这段历史的公共讨论将会更加热烈；不过即便如此，讨论也还会持续下去。